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Đặt \(cosx-sinx=t\Rightarrow-\sqrt{2}\le t\le\sqrt{2}\)
\(t^2=1-2sinx.cosx\Rightarrow sinx.cosx=\dfrac{1-t^2}{2}\)
Pt trở thành:
\(t\left(1+\dfrac{1-t^2}{2}\right)+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow t^3-3t-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(t-2\right)\left(t+1\right)^2=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=2\left(loại\right)\\t=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow cosx-sinx=-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[]{2}cos\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)=-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)=-\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)=cos\left(\dfrac{3\pi}{4}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow...\)
1.
\(2sin\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{6}\right)+sinx+2cosx=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{3}sinx+cosx+sinx+2cosx=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)sinx+3cosx=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{13+2\sqrt{3}}\left[\dfrac{\sqrt{3}+1}{\sqrt{13+2\sqrt{3}}}sinx+\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{13+2\sqrt{3}}}cosx\right]=3\)
Đặt \(\alpha=arcsin\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{13+2\sqrt{3}}}\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{13+2\sqrt{3}}sin\left(x+\alpha\right)=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(x+\alpha\right)=\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{13+2\sqrt{3}}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+\alpha=arcsin\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{13+2\sqrt{3}}}+k2\pi\\x+\alpha=\pi-arcsin\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{13+2\sqrt{3}}}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=k2\pi\\x=\pi-2arcsin\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{13+2\sqrt{3}}}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy phương trình đã cho có nghiệm:
\(x=k2\pi;x=\pi-2arcsin\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{13+2\sqrt{3}}}+k2\pi\)
2.
\(\left(sin2x+cos2x\right)cosx+2cos2x-sinx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2sinx.cos^2x+cos2x.cosx+2cos2x-sinx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2cos^2x-1\right)sinx+cos2x.cosx+2cos2x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos2x.sinx+cos2x.cosx+2cos2x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos2x.\left(sinx+cosx+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos2x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x=\dfrac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{\pi}{4}+\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\)
Vậy phương trình đã cho có nghiệm \(x=\dfrac{\pi}{4}+\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\)
c)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u_1+u_3=3\\u_1^2+u_3^2=5\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u_1+u_3=3\\\left(u_1+u_3\right)^2-2u_1u_3=5\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u_1+u_3=3\\u_1u_3=2\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u_1=2\\u_3=1\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u_1=1\\u_3=2\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
Làm nốt (sử dụng công thức: \(u_n=u_1+\left(n-1\right)d\) để tìm được công sai
\(S_n=nu_1+\dfrac{n\left(n-1\right)}{2}d\) để tính tổng 15 số hạng đầu)
d)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u_1+u_2+u_3=14\\u_1u_2u_3=64\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u_2-d+u_2+u_2+d=14\\\left(u_2-d\right)u_2\left(u_2+d\right)=64\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u_2=\dfrac{14}{3}\\\left(u_2^2-d^2\right)u_2=64\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{14}{3}=u_2=u_1+d\\d=\dfrac{2\sqrt{889}}{21}\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{14}{3}=u_1+d\\d=\dfrac{-2\sqrt{889}}{21}\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
(Làm nốt,số xấu quá)
e)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u_1+u_2+u_3=7\\u_1^2+u_2^2+u_3^2=21\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u_1+u_2+u_3=7\\u_1u_2u_3=\dfrac{21-\left(u_1+u_2+u_3\right)^2}{2}=-14\end{matrix}\right.\)
Làm như ý d)
1 + sin x - cos x - sin 2 x + 2 cos 2 x = 0 ( 1 ) T a c ó : 1 - sin 2 x = sin x - cos x 2 ⇔ 2 cos 2 x = 2 ( cos 2 x - sin 2 x ) = - 2 ( sin x - cos x ) ( sin x + cos x ) V ậ y ( 1 ) ⇔ ( sin x - cos x ) ( 1 + sin x - cos x - 2 sin x - 2 cos x ) = 0 ⇔ ( sin x - cos x ) ( 1 - sin x - 3 cos x ) = 0
