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1.
a.\(n_{HCl}=0,2.0,15=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
b.\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
c.\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{4,9}{98}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
d.\(m_{H_2SO_4}=10\%.9,8=0,98\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,98}{98}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
e.\(m_{NaOH}=6.5\%=0,3\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,3}{40}=0,0075\left(mol\right)\)
f.\(m_{ddNaOH}=125.1,2=150\left(g\right)\Rightarrow m_{NaOH}=150.20\%=30\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{30}{40}=0,75\left(mol\right)\)
2.
\(m_{NaOH}=10.20\%=2\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{2}{40}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2NaOH + H2SO4 → Na2SO4 + H2O
Mol: 0,05 0,025
\(\Rightarrow m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,025.142=3,55\left(g\right)\)
3.
\(n_{NaCl}=\dfrac{5,85}{58,5}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2NaCl + 2H2O → 2NaOH + Cl2 + H2
Mol: 0,1 0,1
\(m_{NaOH}=0,1.40=4\left(g\right)\Rightarrow m_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{4.100\%}{5\%}=80\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{80}{1,2}=66,7\left(ml\right)\)
nKMnO4 = 14,2/158 ≃ 0,0899 mol
2KMnO4 + 16HCl → 2KCl + 2MnCl2 + 5Cl2 + 8H2O
0,0899 \(\dfrac{0,0899\times5}{2}\)
→ nCl2 = 0,22475 mol → VCl2 = 22,4.nCl2 = 5,0344 lít
Giả sử: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ 24x + 56y = 23,2 (1)
Ta có: \(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{17,92}{22,4}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
Theo ĐLBT mol e, có: 2x + 3y = 0,8.2 (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,5\left(mol\right)\\y=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,5.24}{23,2}.100\%\approx51,7\%\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
Bài 17:
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow24a+56b=23,2\) (1)
Ta có: \(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{17,92}{22,4}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
Bảo toàn electron: \(2a+3b=0,8\cdot2=1,6\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,5\\b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,5\cdot24}{23,2}\cdot100\%\approx51,72\%\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
Zn + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2
0,1<-0,2<----------------0,1
\(n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{10,55-0,1.65}{81}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
ZnO + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2
0,05-->0,1
\(C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,1+0,2}{0,2}=1.5M\)