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Gọi O là tâm đường tròn \(\Rightarrow\) O là trung điểm BC
\(\stackrel\frown{BE}=\stackrel\frown{ED}=\stackrel\frown{DC}\Rightarrow\widehat{BOE}=\widehat{EOD}=\widehat{DOC}=\dfrac{180^0}{3}=60^0\)
Mà \(OD=OE=R\Rightarrow\Delta ODE\) đều
\(\Rightarrow ED=R\)
\(BN=NM=MC=\dfrac{2R}{3}\Rightarrow\dfrac{NM}{ED}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(\stackrel\frown{BE}=\stackrel\frown{DC}\Rightarrow ED||BC\)
Áp dụng định lý talet:
\(\dfrac{AN}{AE}=\dfrac{MN}{ED}=\dfrac{2}{3}\Rightarrow\dfrac{EN}{AN}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{ON}{BN}=\dfrac{OB-BN}{BN}=\dfrac{R-\dfrac{2R}{3}}{\dfrac{2R}{3}}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{EN}{AN}=\dfrac{ON}{BN}=\dfrac{1}{2}\) và \(\widehat{ENO}=\widehat{ANB}\) (đối đỉnh)
\(\Rightarrow\Delta ENO\sim ANB\left(c.g.c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\widehat{NBA}=\widehat{NOE}=60^0\)
Hoàn toàn tương tự, ta có \(\Delta MDO\sim\Delta MAC\Rightarrow\widehat{MCA}=\widehat{MOD}=60^0\)
\(\Rightarrow\Delta ABC\) đều
Bài 1:
a)
\(A=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}\right)\left(\dfrac{x-\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+1}-\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-1}\right)\) ĐKXĐ: x >1
\(=\left(\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}.\sqrt{x}}{2.2\sqrt{x}}-\dfrac{2}{2.2\sqrt{x}}\right)\left(\dfrac{\left(x-\sqrt{x}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)^2}-\dfrac{\left(x+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)^2}\right)\\ =\left(\dfrac{2x-2}{4\sqrt{x}}\right)\left(\dfrac{x\sqrt{x}-x-x+\sqrt{x}-x\sqrt{x}-x-x-\sqrt{x}}{\left(x-1\right)^2}\right)\\ =\left(\dfrac{x-1}{2\sqrt{x}}\right)\left(\dfrac{-4x}{\left(x-1\right)^2}\right)\\ =\dfrac{\left(x-1\right).\left(-4x\right)}{2\sqrt{x}.\left(x-1\right)^2}=\dfrac{-2\sqrt{x}}{x-1}\)
b)
Với x >1, ta có:
A > -6 \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{-2\sqrt{x}}{x-1}>-6\Rightarrow-2\sqrt{x}>-6\left(x-1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2\sqrt{x}+6x-6>0\\ \Leftrightarrow x-\dfrac{2}{6}\sqrt{x}-1>0\\ \Leftrightarrow x-2.\dfrac{1}{6}\sqrt{x}+\left(\dfrac{1}{6}\right)^2>1+\dfrac{1}{36}\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}-\dfrac{1}{6}\right)^2>\dfrac{37}{36}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{6}-\sqrt{x}>\dfrac{\sqrt{37}}{6}\\\sqrt{x}-\dfrac{1}{6}>\dfrac{\sqrt{37}}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-\sqrt{x}>\dfrac{\sqrt{37}-1}{6}\\\sqrt{x}>\dfrac{\sqrt{37}+1}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-x>\dfrac{19-\sqrt{37}}{18}\\x>\dfrac{19+\sqrt{37}}{18}\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x< \dfrac{\sqrt{37}-19}{18}\\x>\dfrac{19+\sqrt{37}}{18}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy không có x để A >-6
Bài 2 :
a ) \(\sqrt{4x-8}+\sqrt{x-2}=4+\dfrac{1}{3}\sqrt{9x-18}\) ( ĐKXĐ : \(x\ge2\) )
\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x-2}+\sqrt{x-2}=4+\dfrac{1}{3}.3\sqrt{x-2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\sqrt{x-2}-\sqrt{x-2}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x-2}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-2}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-2=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=2\) ( thỏa mãn ĐKXĐ )
Vậy phương trình có nghiệm x = 2 .
Bài 2 :
b ) \(\sqrt{x^2-6x+9}-\dfrac{\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{2}+1}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x-3\right)^2}-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)}{\sqrt{2}+1}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow|x-3|-\sqrt{3}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-3-\sqrt{3}=0\left(x\ge3\right)\\3-x-\sqrt{3}=0\left(x< 3\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3+\sqrt{3}\\x=3-\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy phương trình cón nghiệm \(x=3+\sqrt{3}\) hoặc \(x=3-\sqrt{3}\) .
\(5,\\ K=\sqrt{5x-9+6\sqrt{5x-9}+9}+\sqrt{5x-9-6\sqrt{5x-9}+9}\\ K=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5x-9}+3\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5x-9}-3\right)^2}\\ K=\sqrt{5x-9}+3+\sqrt{5x-9}-3=2\sqrt{5x-9}\ge0,\forall x\\ K_{min}=0\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{5x-9}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{9}{5}\)
\(3,\\ 1,A=\dfrac{1,44+7}{\sqrt{1,44}}=\dfrac{7,44}{1,2}=\dfrac{31}{5}\\ 2,B=\dfrac{x-3\sqrt{x}+\left(2\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)-2x+\sqrt{x}+3}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\\ B=\dfrac{x-3\sqrt{x}+2x+5\sqrt{x}-3-2x+\sqrt{x}+3}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\\ B=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+3}\)
\(3,S=\dfrac{1}{B}+A=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+3}{\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{x+7}{\sqrt{x}}=\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}+10}{\sqrt{x}}\\ S=\sqrt{x}+1+\dfrac{10}{\sqrt{x}}\ge2\sqrt{\sqrt{x}\cdot\dfrac{10}{\sqrt{x}}}+1=2\sqrt{10}+1\left(BĐT.cosi\right)\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=10\)