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Giải hệ sau :
Câu a :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-1\\2x+y=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-1\\-x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-1\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-3\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy ...........................
Câu b :
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}=a\\\dfrac{1}{y}=b\end{matrix}\right.\) . Ta có :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=\dfrac{1}{5}\\3a+4b=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a+3b=\dfrac{3}{5}\\3a+4b=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-b=-\dfrac{7}{5}\\3a+4b=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b=\dfrac{7}{5}\\a=-\dfrac{6}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}=\dfrac{7}{5}\\\dfrac{1}{y}=-\dfrac{6}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5}{7}\\y=-\dfrac{5}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy..................
\(a,\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-y=4\\x+5y=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-y=4\\2x+10y=6\end{matrix}\right.\left\{{}\begin{matrix}11y=2\\2x+10y=6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{2}{11}\\2x+10.\dfrac{2}{11}=6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{2}{11}\\2x=\dfrac{46}{11}\end{matrix}\right.\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{2}{11}\\x=\dfrac{23}{11}\end{matrix}\right.\)
a: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-2y=1\\2x+4y=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6x-4y=2\\2x+4y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}8x=5\\3x-2y=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5}{8}\\2y=3x-1=\dfrac{15}{8}-1=\dfrac{7}{8}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5}{8}\\y=\dfrac{7}{16}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x-3y=1\\-x+2y=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x-3y=1\\-4x+8y=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=1\\x=-1+2y=-1+2=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
c: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2}{3}x+\dfrac{4}{3}y=1\\\dfrac{1}{2}x-\dfrac{3}{4}y=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+4y=3\\2x-3y=8\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{41}{14}\\y=-\dfrac{5}{7}\end{matrix}\right.\)
a: \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}8x-4y+12-3x+6y-9=48\\9x-12y+9+16x-8y-36=48\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>5x+2y=48-12+9=45 và 25x-20y=48+36-9=48+27=75
=>x=7; y=5
b: \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6x+6y-2x+3y=8\\-5x+5y-3x-2y=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>4x+9y=8 và -8x+3y=5
=>x=-1/4; y=1
c: \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-4x-2+1,5=3y-6-6x\\11,5-12+4x=2y-5+x\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>-4x-0,5=-6x+3y-6 và 4x-0,5=x+2y-5
=>2x-3y=-5,5 và 3x-2y=-4,5
=>x=-1/2; y=3/2
e: \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\cdot2\sqrt{3}-y\sqrt{5}=2\sqrt{3}\cdot\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{5}\cdot\sqrt{3}\\3x-y=3\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(x=\sqrt{2};y=\sqrt{3}\)
a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5y-5x=xy\\\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{4}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5y-5x=xy\\\dfrac{x+y}{xy}=\dfrac{4}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5y-5x=xy\\5\left(x+y\right)=4xy\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5y-5x=xy\\5\left(x+y\right)=4\left(5y-5x\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5y-5x=xy\\5x+5y=20y-20x\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5y-5x=xy\\5x+5y-20y+20x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5y-5x=xy\\-15y+25x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5y-5x=xy\\-5\left(3y-5x\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5y-5x=xy\\3y-5x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5y-5x=xy\\5x=3y\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5y-3y=xy\\5x=3y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2y=xy\\5x=3y\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=\dfrac{10}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{2x-3y}+\dfrac{5}{3x+y}=\dfrac{5}{8}\\\dfrac{2}{2x-3y}-\dfrac{5}{3x+y}=\dfrac{-3}{8}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{1}{2x-3y}=a;\dfrac{1}{3x+y}=b\)
=> hpt <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+5b=\dfrac{5}{8}\\2a-5b=\dfrac{-3}{8}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+5b=\dfrac{5}{8}\\2a-5b+a+5b=\dfrac{-3}{8}+\dfrac{5}{8}=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+5b=\dfrac{5}{8}\\3a=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+5b=\dfrac{5}{8}\\a=\dfrac{1}{12}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{1}{12}\\b=\dfrac{13}{120}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{2x-3y}=\dfrac{1}{12}\\\dfrac{1}{3x+y}=\dfrac{13}{120}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-3y=12\\3x+y=\dfrac{120}{13}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{516}{143}\\y=-\dfrac{228}{143}\end{matrix}\right.\)
a: \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+2\right)\left(y+3\right)-xy=100\\xy-\left(x-2\right)\left(y-2\right)=64\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>xy+3x+2y+6-xy=100 và xy-xy+2x+2y-4=64
=>3x+2y=94 và 2x+2y=68
=>x=26 và x+y=34
=>x=26 và y=8
b: \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3x+3+2}{x+1}-\dfrac{2}{y+4}=4\\\dfrac{2x+2-2}{x+1}-\dfrac{5y+20-11}{y+4}=9\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2}{x+1}-\dfrac{2}{y+4}=4-3=1\\\dfrac{-2}{x+1}+\dfrac{11}{y+4}=9+5-2=12\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>x+1=18/35; y+4=9/13
=>x=-17/35; y=-43/18
a, Ta có : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x+2y=-2\\-x+4y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\left(4y-3\right)+2y=-2\\x=4y-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}12y-9+2y=-2\\x=4y-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}14y=7\\x=4y-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\frac{1}{2}\\x=\frac{4.1}{2}-3=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy hệ phương trình có duy nhất 1 nghiệm là \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(-1;\frac{1}{2}\right)\)
b, Ta có : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+2y=11\\5x-3y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=11-2y\\5\left(11-2y\right)-3y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=11-2y\\55-10y-3y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=11-2y\\-13y=-52\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=11-2.4=3\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy hệ phương trình có duy nhất 1 nghiệm là \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(3;4\right)\)
c, Ta có : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}10x-9y=1\\15x+21y=36\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}30x-27y=3\\30x+42y=72\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}10x-9y=1\\-69y=-69\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}10x-9=1\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy hệ phương trình có duy nhất 1 nghiệm là \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;1\right)\)
d, Ta có : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+y=3\\x+y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=3-2x\\x+2-2x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=3-2x\\2-x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=3-2.0=3\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy hệ phương trình có duy nhất 1 nghiệm là \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(0;3\right)\)
e, Ta có : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=2\\2x-3y=9\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2-y\\2\left(2-y\right)-3y=9\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2-y\\4-2y-3y=9\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2-y\\-5y=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2+1=3\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy hệ phương trình có duy nhất 1 nghiệm là \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(3;-1\right)\)
f, Ta có : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2y=11\\5x+3y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=11+2y\\5\left(11+2y\right)+3y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=11+2y\\55+10y+3y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=11+2y\\13y=-52\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy hệ phương trình có duy nhất 1 nghiệm là \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(3;-4\right)\)
g, Ta có : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-y=5\\2x+3y=18\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=3x-5\\2x+3\left(3x-5\right)=18\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=3x-5\\2x+9x-15=18\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=3x-5\\11x=33\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=9-5=4\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy hệ phương trình có duy nhất 1 nghiệm là \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(3;4\right)\)
h, Ta có : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x+3y=-7\\3x-y=-8\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x+3\left(3x+8\right)=-7\\y=3x+8\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x+9x+24=-7\\y=3x+8\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}14x=-31\\y=3x+8\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\frac{31}{14}\\y=3.\left(-\frac{31}{14}\right)+8=\frac{19}{14}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy hệ phương trình có duy nhất 1 nghiệm là \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(-\frac{31}{14};\frac{19}{14}\right)\)
\(a)\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-y=3\\x+2y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-y=3\\2x+4y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-5y=5\\2x+4y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-1\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy nghiệm hệ phương trình là (1; -1)
\(b)\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3}{2}x-y=\dfrac{1}{2}\\3x-2y=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-2y=1\\3x-2y=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow0x-0y=0\left(VSN\right)\)
Vậy hệ phương trình vô số nghiệm
\(c)\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5\left(x+2y\right)=3x-1\\2x+4=3\left(x-5y\right)-12\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x+10y=3x-1\\2x+4=3x-15y-12\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x-3x+10y=-1\\2x-3x+15y=-12-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+10y=-1\\-x+15y=-16\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+10y=-1\\-2x+30y=-32\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}40y=-33\\-2x+30y=-32\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-\dfrac{33}{40}\\x=\dfrac{29}{8}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy nghiệm hệ phương trình là \(\left(\dfrac{29}{8};-\dfrac{33}{40}\right)\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2y=a\\\dfrac{1}{2x+3y}=b\end{matrix}\right.\)
hpt trở thành:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=2\\2a+3b=3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=3\\b=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2y=3\\\dfrac{1}{2x+3y}=-1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3+2y\\2x+3y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3+2y\\2\left(3+2y\right)+3y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3+2y\\6+4y+3y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3+2y\\7y=-7\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3+2.-1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy nghiệm hpt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Tks ạ!