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\(\sqrt{30-x}-\sqrt{x-5}=\sqrt{x-13}\left(1\right)\)
ĐKXĐ: \(13\le x\le30\)
\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{30-x}=\sqrt{x-13}+\sqrt{x-5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow30-x=x-13+x-5+2\sqrt{\left(x-13\right)\left(x-5\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{\left(x-13\right)\left(x-5\right)}=48-3x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}48-3x\ge0\\4\left(x-13\right)\left(x-5\right)=\left(48-3x\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
+) \(48-3x\ge0\Leftrightarrow3x\le48\Leftrightarrow x\le16\)
+) \(4\left(x-13\right)\left(x-5\right)=\left(48-3x\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2-72x+260=2304-288x+9x^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x^2-216x+2044=0\)
△' \(=108^2-2044.5=1444>0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x_1=\frac{108-\sqrt{1444}}{5}\\x_2=\frac{-108-\sqrt{1444}}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x_1=14\\x_2=\frac{-146}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đối chiếu đk thì chỉ có \(x=14\)thỏa mãn
Vậy pt có nghiệm là \(x=14\)
Gọn nhẹ hơn 1 chút:
ĐKXĐ:...
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-13}-1+\sqrt{x-5}-3+4-\sqrt{30-x}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x-14}{\sqrt{x-13}+1}+\frac{x-14}{\sqrt{x-5}+3}+\frac{x-14}{4+\sqrt{30-x}}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-14\right)\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x-13}+1}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x-5}+3}+\frac{1}{4+\sqrt{30-x}}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=14\)
Dễ dàng nhận ra cái ngoặc đằng sau dương
x>=1
\(\Leftrightarrow16x-13\sqrt{x-1}-9\sqrt{x+1}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow13\left(x-1-\sqrt{x-1}+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+3\left(x+1-3\sqrt{x+1}+\dfrac{9}{4}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow13\left(\sqrt{x-1}-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+3\left(\sqrt{x+1}-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2=0\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-1}=\dfrac{1}{2}\\\sqrt{x+1}=\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
x=5/4(tm)
a) \(x^2-11=0\)
<=> \(x^2-\sqrt{11}=0\)
<=> \(\left(x-\sqrt{11}\right)\left(x+\sqrt{11}\right)=0\)
<=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-\sqrt{11}=0\\x+\sqrt{11}=0\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\sqrt{11}\\x=-\sqrt{11}\end{matrix}\right.\) => x = \(\pm\sqrt{11}\) Vậy S ={ \(\pm\sqrt{11}\)}
b) \(x^2-2\sqrt{13}x+13=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\sqrt{13}\right)^2=0\)
=> x = \(\sqrt{13}\)
Vậy S = {\(\sqrt{13}\) }
\(c\)) \(\sqrt{x^2-10x+25}=7-2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x-5\right)^2}=7-2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x-5\right|=7-2x\)
=> Có 2 TH xảy ra
* Khi x - 5 \(\ge0\Leftrightarrow x\ge5\) Ta có PT :
x - 5 = 7 - 2x
<=> 3x = 12
=> x= 4 (KTM)
* Khi x - 5 < 0 => x < 5
Ta có pT
-x + 5 = 7-2x
<=> x = 2 (TM)
Vậy S = { 2 }
\(a\text{)} x^2-11=0\\ x^2=11\\ x=\pm\sqrt{11}\)
\(b\text{)}\:x^2-2\sqrt{13x}+13=0\\ \left(x-\sqrt{13}\right)^2=0\\ x-\sqrt{13}=0\\ x=\sqrt{13}\)
\(c\text{)}\:\sqrt{x^2-10x+25}=7-2x\\ \left|x-5\right|=7-2x\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-5=7-2x\left(với\:x\ge5\right)\\5-x=7-2x\left(với\:x< 5\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4\left(loại\right)\\x=2\left(nhận\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\sqrt{7-x}+\sqrt{x+1}=x^2-6x+13,đkxđ:-1\le x\le7,\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{7-x}+\sqrt{x+1}\right)^2=\left(x^2-6x+13\right)^2\Leftrightarrow7-x+x+1+2\sqrt{\left(7-x\right)\left(x+1\right)}=\left(x^2-6x+13\right)\left(x^2-6x+13\right)\Leftrightarrow8+2\sqrt{7x+8-x^2-x}=x^4-6x^3+13x^2-6x^3+36x^2-78x+13x^2-78x+169\Leftrightarrow8+2\sqrt{-x^2+6x+8}=x^4-12x^3+62x^2-120x+169\Leftrightarrow Bírồi:< \)
\(Chot=7-x\Rightarrow x=7-t\Rightarrow\sqrt{7-x}=\sqrt{7-7+t}=\sqrt{t}và\sqrt{x+1}=\sqrt{7-t+1}=\sqrt{8-t}vàx^2-6x+13=\left(7-t\right)^2-6\left(7-t\right)+13,tacópt:\sqrt{t}+\sqrt{8-t}=49-14t+t^2-42+6t+13\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{t}+\sqrt{8-t}=t^2-8t+20=t^2-2.4.t+16+4=\left(t-4\right)^2+4\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{t}+\sqrt{8-t}\right)^2=\left[\left(t-4\right)^2+4\right]^2\Leftrightarrow t-t+8+2\sqrt{8t-t^2}=...\left(bítiếp\right)\)
Ta có:
\(\left(x-1\right)+\frac{1}{4}\ge\sqrt{x-1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow13\left(x-1\right)+\frac{13}{4}\ge13\sqrt{x-1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow13x-\frac{39}{4}\ge13\sqrt{x-1}\)(1)
Ta lại có
\(\left(x+1\right)+\frac{9}{4}\ge3\sqrt{x+1}\)
\(3\left(x+1\right)+\frac{27}{4}\ge9\sqrt{x+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x+\frac{39}{4}\ge9\sqrt{x+1}\)(2)
Cộng (1) và (2) vế theo vế được
\(16x\ge13\sqrt{x-1}+9\sqrt{x+1}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi
\(\hept{\begin{cases}x-1=\frac{1}{4}\\x+1=\frac{9}{4}\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{5}{4}\)
ĐK \(-1\le x\le7\)
\(VP=x^2-6x+13=\left(x-3\right)^2+4\ge4\forall-1\le x\le7\)
\((\sqrt{7-x}+\sqrt{x+1})^2\le\left(1+1\right)\left(7-x+x-1\right)=16\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\sqrt{16}=4\)
Dấu "= " xảy ra
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2-6x+13=4\\\sqrt{7-x}=\sqrt{x+1}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=3\)
Vậy nghiệm của pt là x =3
Cô hoàn chỉnh lại bài làm trên trang diễn đàn toán học:
\(13\sqrt{x^2-x^4}+9\sqrt{x^2+x^4}=16\)
Điều kiện xác định: \(-1\le x\le1\).
Ta có:
\(\left(13\sqrt{x^2-x^4}+9\sqrt{x^2+x^4}\right)^2\)
\(=\left(13\left|x\right|\sqrt{1-x^2}+9\left|x\right|\sqrt{1+x^2}\right)^2\)
\(=x^2\left(\sqrt{13}\sqrt{13}\sqrt{1-x^2}+3\sqrt{3}\sqrt{3}\sqrt{1+x^2}\right)^2\) (*)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Bu-nhi-a cho \(\sqrt{13}.\sqrt{13}.\sqrt{1-x^2}+3\sqrt{3}.\sqrt{3}.\sqrt{1+x^2}\) ta có:
(*) \(x^2\left(13+27\right)\left(13-13x^2+3+3x^2\right)=40x^2\left(16-10x^2\right)\)
\(=4.10x^2\left(16-10x^2\right)\le4.\left(\dfrac{10x^2+16-10x^2}{2}\right)^2=16\).
Vì vậy \(VT\le VP\) . Dấu bằng xảy ra khi:
\(10x^2=16-10x^2\Leftrightarrow x^2=\dfrac{4}{5}\)\(\Leftrightarrow x=\pm\dfrac{2\sqrt{5}}{5}\).
dễ thấy x \(\ge\)0
bình phương hai vế được :
\(13-\sqrt{13+x}=x^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{13+x}+x=13+x-x^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{13+x}+x=\left(\sqrt{13+x}+x\right)\left(\sqrt{13+x}-x\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow1=\sqrt{13+x}-x\)
\(\Rightarrow13+x=x^2+2x+1\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+x-12=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=3\left(tm\right)\\x=-4\left(kotm\right)\end{cases}}\)