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Lời giải:
PT $\Leftrightarrow 2\sin 2x\cos 2x+2\cos 2x+4(\sin x+\cos x)=1+\cos ^22x-\sin ^22x=2\cos ^22x$
$\Leftrightarrow \sin 2x\cos 2x+\cos 2x+2(\sin x+\cos x)=\cos ^22x$
$\Leftrightarrow \cos 2x(\sin 2x+1-\cos 2x)+2(\sin x+\cos x)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow \cos 2x(2\sin x\cos x+2\sin ^2x)+2(\sin x+\cos x)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow \cos 2x\sin x(\cos x+\sin x)+(\sin x+\cos x)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (\sin x+\cos x)(\cos 2x\sin x+1)=0$
Nếu $\sin x+\cos x=0$. Kết hợp $\sin ^2x+\cos ^2x=1$ suy ra $(\sin x, \cos x)=(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}; \frac{-1}{\sqrt{2}})$ và hoán vị
$\Rightarrow x=k\pi -\frac{\pi}{4}$ với $k$ nguyên.
Nếu $\cos 2x\sin x+1=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (1-2\sin ^2x)\sin x+1=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (1-\sin x)(2\sin ^2x+2\sin x+1)=0$
$\Rightarrow \sin x=1$
$\Rightarrow x=2k\pi +\frac{\pi}{2}$ với $k$ nguyên.
c/
\(\Leftrightarrow cos3x-\sqrt{3}sin3x=\sqrt{3}cos2x-sin2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2}cos3x-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}sin3x=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}cos2x-\frac{1}{2}sin2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos\left(3x+\frac{\pi}{3}\right)=cos\left(2x+\frac{\pi}{6}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x+\frac{\pi}{3}=2x+\frac{\pi}{6}+k2\pi\\3x+\frac{\pi}{3}=-2x-\frac{\pi}{6}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\frac{\pi}{6}+k2\pi\\x=-\frac{\pi}{10}+\frac{k2\pi}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b/
\(\Leftrightarrow cosx-\sqrt{3}sinx=sin2x-\sqrt{3}cos2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2}cosx-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}sinx=\frac{1}{2}sin2x-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}cos2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos\left(x+\frac{\pi}{3}\right)=sin\left(2x-\frac{\pi}{3}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(2x-\frac{\pi}{3}\right)=sin\left(\frac{\pi}{6}-x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-\frac{\pi}{3}=\frac{\pi}{6}-x+k2\pi\\2x-\frac{\pi}{3}=\frac{5\pi}{6}+x+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{\pi}{6}+\frac{k2\pi}{3}\\x=\frac{7\pi}{6}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
e.
\(3\left(1-sin^2x\right)-5sinx-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-3sin^2x-5sinx+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sinx=\frac{1}{3}\\sinx=-2\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=arcsin\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)+k2\pi\\x=\pi-arcsin\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
f.
\(2\left(2cos^2x-1\right)-cosx+7=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4cos^2x-cosx+5=0\)
Phương trình vô nghiệm
g.
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2}sin\left(4x+\frac{\pi}{4}\right)=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(4x+\frac{\pi}{4}\right)=\sqrt{2}>1\)
Phương trình vô nghiệm
h.
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}sinx-\frac{1}{2}cosx=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(x-\frac{\pi}{6}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-\frac{\pi}{6}=\frac{\pi}{6}+k2\pi\\x-\frac{\pi}{6}=\frac{5\pi}{6}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{\pi}{3}+k2\pi\\x=\pi+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}sinx< >0\\sin2x< >0\\sin4x< >0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x< >k\Omega\\2x< >k\Omega\\4x< >k\Omega\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x\ne\dfrac{k\Omega}{4}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{sinx}+\dfrac{1}{sin2x}+\dfrac{1}{sin4x}=0\)
=>\(\dfrac{1}{sinx}+cotx+\dfrac{1}{sin2x}+cot2x+\dfrac{1}{sin4x}+cot4x=cotx+cot2x+cot4x\)
=>\(\dfrac{1+cosx}{sinx}+\dfrac{1+cos2x}{sin2x}+\dfrac{1+cos4x}{sin4x}=cotx+cot2x+cot4x\)
=>\(\dfrac{2\cdot cos^2\left(\dfrac{x}{2}\right)}{2\cdot sin\left(\dfrac{x}{2}\right)\cdot cos\left(\dfrac{x}{2}\right)}+\dfrac{2\cdot cos^2x}{2\cdot sinx\cdot cosx}+\dfrac{2\cdot cos^22x}{2\cdot sin2x\cdot cos2x}=cotx+cot2x+cot4x\)
=>\(\dfrac{cos\left(\dfrac{x}{2}\right)}{sin\left(\dfrac{x}{2}\right)}+\dfrac{cosx}{sinx}+\dfrac{cos2x}{sin2x}=cotx+cot2x+cot4x\)
=>\(cot\left(\dfrac{x}{2}\right)+cotx+cot2x=cotx+cot2x+cot4x\)
=>\(cot4x=cot\left(\dfrac{x}{2}\right)\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x=\dfrac{x}{2}+k\Omega\\4x< >k\Omega\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{7}{2}x=k\Omega\\x< >\dfrac{k\Omega}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{2}{7}k\Omega\)
\(\dfrac{1}{sinx}+\dfrac{1}{sin2x}+\dfrac{1}{sin4x}=0\)
\(\dfrac{1}{sinx}+cotx+\dfrac{1}{sin2x}+cot2x+\dfrac{1}{sin4x}+cot4x=cotx+cot2x+cot4x\)
\(\dfrac{1+cosx}{sinx}+\dfrac{1+cos2x}{sin2x}+\dfrac{1+cos4x}{sin4x}=cotx+cot2x+cot4x\)
\(\dfrac{2cos^2\dfrac{x}{2}}{2sin\dfrac{x}{2}.cos\dfrac{x}{2}}+\dfrac{2cos^2x}{2sinx.cosx}+\dfrac{2cos^22x}{2sin2x.cos2x}=cotx+cot2x+cot4x\)
\(\dfrac{cos\dfrac{x}{2}}{sin\dfrac{x}{2}}+\dfrac{cosx}{sinx}+\dfrac{cos2x}{sin2x}=cotx+cot2x+cot4x\)
\(cot\dfrac{x}{2}+cotx+cot2x=cotx+cot2x+cot4x\)
\(cot\dfrac{x}{2}=cot4x\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{2}=4x+k\text{π}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{k2\text{π}}{7}\)
\(sin3x-sinx+sin2x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2cos2x.sinx+2sinx.cosx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sinx\left(cos2x+cosx\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2sinx.cos\frac{3x}{2}.cos\frac{x}{2}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sinx=0\\cos\frac{x}{2}=0\\cos\frac{3x}{2}=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=k\pi\\\frac{x}{2}=\frac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\\\frac{3x}{2}=\frac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=k\pi\\x=\pi+k2\pi\\x=\frac{\pi}{3}+\frac{k2\pi}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=k\pi\\x=\frac{\pi}{3}+\frac{k2\pi}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(cosx+cos3x+cos2x+cos4x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2cos2x.cosx+2cos3x.cosx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cosx\left(cos2x+cos3x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2cosx.cos\frac{5x}{2}.cos\frac{x}{2}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}cosx=0\\cos\frac{x}{2}=0\\cos\frac{5x}{2}=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\\\frac{x}{2}=\frac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\\\frac{5x}{2}=\frac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\\x=\pi+k2\pi\\x=\frac{\pi}{5}+\frac{k2\pi}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\text{1) }3sinx-4cosx=1\\ \Leftrightarrow cos^2x+\left(\frac{4cosx+1}{3}\right)^2=1\\ \Leftrightarrow cosx=\frac{-4\pm6\sqrt{6}}{25}\\ \\ \Leftrightarrow x=arccos\left(\frac{-4\pm6\sqrt{6}}{25}\right)+k2\pi\)
\(2\text{) }\sqrt{3}sinx-cosx=1\\ \Leftrightarrow\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}sinx-\frac{1}{2}cosx=\frac{1}{2}\\ \Leftrightarrow cos\frac{\pi}{6}\cdot sinx-sin\frac{\pi}{6}\cdot cosx=\frac{1}{2}\\ \Leftrightarrow sin\left(x-\frac{\pi}{6}\right)=sin\frac{\pi}{6}\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-\frac{\pi}{6}=\frac{\pi}{6}+a2\pi\\x-\frac{\pi}{6}=\frac{5\pi}{6}+b2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{\pi}{3}+a2\pi\\x=\pi+b2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(3\text{) }\sqrt{3}cosx+sinx=-2\\ \Leftrightarrow\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}cosx+\frac{1}{2}sinx=-1\\ \Leftrightarrow sin\frac{\pi}{3}\cdot cosx+cos\frac{\pi}{3}\cdot sinx=-1\\ \Leftrightarrow sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{3}\right)=-1=sin\frac{3\pi}{2}\\ \\ \Leftrightarrow x+\frac{\pi}{3}=\frac{3\pi}{2}+k2\pi\\ \Leftrightarrow x=\frac{7\pi}{6}+k2\pi\)
\(4\text{) }cos4x-sin4x=1\\ \Leftrightarrow cos^24x+\left(cos4x-1\right)^2=1\\ \\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}cos4x=0\\cos4x=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}4x=\frac{\pi}{2}+a\pi\\4x=b2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{\pi}{8}+\frac{a\pi}{4}\\x=\frac{b\pi}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(5\text{) }\sqrt{3}cos4x+sin4x-2cos3x=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}cos4x+\frac{1}{2}sin4x=cos3x\\ \Leftrightarrow cos\frac{\pi}{3}\cdot cos4x+sin\frac{\pi}{3}\cdot sin4x=cos3x\\ \Leftrightarrow cos\left(4x-\frac{\pi}{3}\right)=cos3x\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}4x-\frac{\pi}{3}=3x+a2\pi\\4x-\frac{\pi}{3}=-3x+b2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{\pi}{3}+a2\pi\\x=\frac{\pi}{21}+\frac{b2\pi}{7}\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow x=\frac{\pi}{21}+\frac{k2\pi}{7}\)
\(6\text{) }cos^2x=3sin2x+3\\ \Leftrightarrow\frac{cos2x+1}{2}=3sin2x+3\)
Giải tương tự vd 1 và 4
7) Giải tương tự vd 1 và 4
d.
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(sin^2x-cos^2x\right)\left(sin^2x+cos^2x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin^2x-cos^2x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-cos2x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x=\frac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{\pi}{4}+\frac{k\pi}{2}\)
e. Đề thiếu
f.
\(\Leftrightarrow sin2x=\left(cos^2\frac{x}{2}-sin^2\frac{x}{2}\right)\left(cos^2\frac{x}{2}+sin^2\frac{x}{2}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin2x=cos^2\frac{x}{2}-sin^2\frac{x}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin2x=cosx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin2x=sin\left(\frac{\pi}{2}-x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=\frac{\pi}{2}-x+k2\pi\\2x=x-\frac{\pi}{2}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{\pi}{6}+\frac{k2\pi}{3}\\x=-\frac{\pi}{2}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
a.
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sinx=-1\\sinx=\sqrt{2}>1\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-\frac{\pi}{2}+k2\pi\)
b.
\(\Leftrightarrow sin2x=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x=\frac{\pi}{2}+k2\pi\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{\pi}{4}+k\pi\)
c.
\(\Leftrightarrow2sin2x.cos2x=-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin4x=-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x=-\frac{\pi}{2}+k2\pi\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{\pi}{8}+\frac{k\pi}{2}\)