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\(A=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}-\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{4}}-....-\frac{1}{\sqrt{24}-\sqrt{25}}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}}{(\sqrt{1}-\sqrt{2})(\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2})}-\frac{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}{(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3})(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3})}+\frac{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}}{(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{4})(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4})}-...-\frac{\sqrt{24}+\sqrt{25}}{(\sqrt{24}-\sqrt{25})(\sqrt{24}+\sqrt{25})}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}}{-1}-\frac{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}{-1}+\frac{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}}{-1}-...-\frac{\sqrt{24}+\sqrt{25}}{-1}\)
\(=\frac{(1+\sqrt{2})-(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3})+(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4})-...-(\sqrt{24}+\sqrt{25})}{-1}\)
\(=\frac{1-\sqrt{25}}{-1}=4\)
\(B=\frac{5}{4+\sqrt{11}}+\frac{11-3\sqrt{11}}{\sqrt{11}-3}-\frac{4}{\sqrt{5}-1}+\sqrt{(\sqrt{5}-2)^2}\)
\(=\frac{5(4-\sqrt{11})}{(4+\sqrt{11})(4-\sqrt{11})}+\frac{\sqrt{11}(\sqrt{11}-3)}{\sqrt{11}-3}-\frac{4(\sqrt{5}+1)}{(\sqrt{5}-1)(\sqrt{5}+1)}+\sqrt{5}-2\)
\(=\frac{5(4-\sqrt{11})}{5}+\sqrt{11}-\frac{4(\sqrt{5}+1)}{4}+\sqrt{5}-2\)
\(=4-\sqrt{11}+\sqrt{11}-(\sqrt{5}+1)+\sqrt{5}-2\)
\(=1\)
4 , Ta có :
\(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+3}+\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-3}-\dfrac{3x-9}{x-9}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}{x-9}+\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}{x-9}-\dfrac{3\left(x-3\right)}{x-9}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-3\sqrt{x}+2x+6\sqrt{x}-3x+9}{x-9}\)
\(=\dfrac{3\sqrt{x}+9}{x-9}\)
\(=\dfrac{3\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)
2 , Ta có :
\(\dfrac{x\sqrt{x}+1}{x-1}-\dfrac{x-1}{\sqrt{x}+1}=\dfrac{x\sqrt{x}+1}{x-1}-\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{x-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{x\sqrt{x}+1}{x-1}-\dfrac{x\sqrt{x}-x-\sqrt{x}+1}{x-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{x\sqrt{x}+1-x\sqrt{x}+x+\sqrt{x}-1}{x-1}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
E = \(\dfrac{x+2\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}+1}+\dfrac{x-\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-1}\) = \(\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2}{\sqrt{x}+1}+\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
E = \(\sqrt{x}+1+\sqrt{x}\) = \(2\sqrt{x}+1\)
F = \(\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+3}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{3-\sqrt{x}}-\dfrac{3-11\sqrt{x}}{x-9}\)
F = \(\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+3}+\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-3}-\dfrac{3-11\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}\)
F = \(\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)+\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)-\left(3-11\sqrt{x}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}\)
F = \(\dfrac{2x-6\sqrt{x}+x+3\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x}+3-3+11\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}\)
F = \(\dfrac{3x+9\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}\) = \(\dfrac{3\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}\) = \(\dfrac{3\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)
G = \(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+3}{\sqrt{x}-2}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+2}+\dfrac{4\sqrt{x}-4}{4-x}\)
G = \(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+3}{\sqrt{x}-2}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+2}-\dfrac{4\sqrt{x}-4}{x-4}\)
G = \(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+3}{\sqrt{x}-2}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+2}-\dfrac{4\sqrt{x}-4}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)
G = \(\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)-\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)-\left(4\sqrt{x}-4\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)
G = \(\dfrac{x+2\sqrt{x}+3\sqrt{x}+6-\left(x-2\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{x}+2\right)-\left(4\sqrt{x}-4\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)
G = \(\dfrac{x+5\sqrt{x}+6-x+2\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x}-2-4\sqrt{x}+4}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)
G = \(\dfrac{4\sqrt{x}+8}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\) = \(\dfrac{4\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\) = \(\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{x}-2}\)
a: \(A=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(2\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\sqrt{x}}+2\sqrt{x}+2\)
\(=\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(2\sqrt{x}+1\right)+2\sqrt{x}+2\)
\(=\left(x-\sqrt{x}\right)\left(2\sqrt{x}+1\right)+2\sqrt{x}+2\)
\(=2x\sqrt{x}+x-2x-\sqrt{x}+2\sqrt{x}+2\)
\(=2x\sqrt{x}-x+\sqrt{x}+2\)
b: \(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-4+3\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}:\dfrac{x-4-x}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{-4}=-\sqrt{x}+1\)
c: \(=\dfrac{15\sqrt{x}-11-3x-9\sqrt{x}+2\sqrt{x}+6-\left(2\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-3x+8\sqrt{x}+5-2x+2\sqrt{x}-3\sqrt{x}+3}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-5x+7\sqrt{x}+8}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\)
2. \(\dfrac{\sqrt{x^2}-16}{\sqrt{x-3}}+\sqrt{x+3}=\dfrac{7}{\sqrt{x-3}}\) (2)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{x^2}-16}{\sqrt{x-3}}+\sqrt{x+3}-\dfrac{7}{\sqrt{x-3}}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{x^2}-16+\sqrt{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}-7}{\sqrt{x-3}}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2}-16+\sqrt{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}-7=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x\right|-16+\sqrt{x^2-9}-7=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x\right|-23+\sqrt{x^2-9}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2-9}=-\left|x\right|+23\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-9=-\left(-\left|x\right|+23\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-9=-\left(-\left|x\right|\right)^2-46\cdot\left|x\right|+529\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-9=\left|x\right|^2-46+\left|x\right|+529\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-9=x^2-46\cdot\left|x\right|+529\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-9=-46\cdot\left|x\right|+529\)
\(\Leftrightarrow46\cdot\left|x\right|=529+9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow49\cdot\left|x\right|=538\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x\right|=\dfrac{269}{23}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{269}{23}\\x=-\dfrac{269}{23}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Sau khi dùng phép thử ta nhận thấy \(x\ne-\dfrac{269}{23}\)
Vậy tập nghiệm phương trình (1) là \(S=\left\{\dfrac{269}{23}\right\}\)
3. sửa đề: \(\sqrt{14-x}=\sqrt{x-4}\sqrt{x-1}\) (3)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{14-x}=\sqrt{\left(x-4\right)\left(x-1\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{14-x}=\sqrt{x^2-x-4x+4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{14-x}=\sqrt{x^2-5x+4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow14-x=x^2-5x+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow14-x-x^2+5x-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow10+4x-x^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-x^2+4x+10=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-4x-10=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-\left(-4\right)\pm\sqrt{\left(-4\right)^2-4\cdot1\cdot\left(-10\right)}}{2\cdot1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{4\pm\sqrt{16+40}}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{4\pm\sqrt{56}}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{4\pm2\sqrt{14}}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{4-2\sqrt{14}}{2}\\x=\dfrac{4+2\sqrt{14}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2+\sqrt{14}\\x=2-\sqrt{14}\end{matrix}\right.\)
sau khi dùng phép thử ta nhận thấy \(x\ne2-\sqrt{14}\)
Vậy tập nghiệm phương trình (3) là \(S=\left\{2+\sqrt{14}\right\}\)
\(Q=\dfrac{15\sqrt{x}-11-3x-9\sqrt{x}-2x+2\sqrt{x}-3\sqrt{x}+3}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-5x+5\sqrt{x}-8}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\)
\(P=\dfrac{x+3\sqrt{x}+2+2x-4\sqrt{x}-2-3x}{x-4}\)
\(=\dfrac{-\sqrt{x}}{x-4}\)
a) \(\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{\sqrt{2}+1}}-\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{\sqrt{2}-1}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{\sqrt{2}-1}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{\sqrt{2}+1}\right)\left(\sqrt{\sqrt{2}-1}\right)}-\dfrac{\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{\sqrt{2}+1}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{\sqrt{2}+1}\right)\left(\sqrt{\sqrt{2}-1}\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{\sqrt{2}-1}-\sqrt{\sqrt{2}+1}\right)}{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}\left(\left(\sqrt{\sqrt{2}-1}-\sqrt{\sqrt{2}+1}\right)\right)}{\sqrt{2-1}}=\sqrt{2}.\left(\sqrt{\sqrt{2}-1}-\sqrt{\sqrt{2}+1}\right)\)(1)
Đặt A=\(\sqrt{\sqrt{2}-1}-\sqrt{\sqrt{2}+1}\Leftrightarrow A^2=\sqrt{2}-1+\sqrt{2}+1-2\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)}=2\sqrt{2}-2\sqrt{1}=2\sqrt{2}-2\Leftrightarrow A=\pm\sqrt{2\sqrt{2}-2}\)
Ta có \(\sqrt{\sqrt{2}-1}< \sqrt{\sqrt{2}+1}\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\sqrt{2}-1}-\sqrt{\sqrt{2}+1}< 0\Leftrightarrow A< 0\)
Vậy A=\(-\sqrt{2\sqrt{2}-2}\)
(1)\(=\sqrt{2}.\left(-\sqrt{2\sqrt{2}-2}\right)=-\sqrt{4\sqrt{2}-4}\)
b) \(\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{2}{2-\sqrt{3}}}-\sqrt{27}=\sqrt{3-2.\sqrt{3}.1+1}+\sqrt{\dfrac{2\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)}{\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)}}-\sqrt{9.3}=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\dfrac{4+2\sqrt{3}}{2^2-\left(\sqrt{3}\right)^2}}-3\sqrt{3}=\left|\sqrt{3}-1\right|+\sqrt{4+2\sqrt{3}}-3\sqrt{3}=\sqrt{3}-1-3\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{3+2\sqrt{3}+1}=-2\sqrt{3}-1+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2}=-2\sqrt{3}-1+\sqrt{3}+1=-\sqrt{3}\)
c) \(\dfrac{15\sqrt{x}-11}{x+2\sqrt{x}-3}+\dfrac{3\sqrt{x}-2}{1-\sqrt{x}}-\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{x}+3}=\dfrac{15\sqrt{x}-11}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}-\dfrac{3\sqrt{x}-2}{\sqrt{x}-1}-\dfrac{3\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}=\dfrac{15\sqrt{x}-11}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}-\dfrac{\left(3\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}-\dfrac{3\sqrt{x}-3}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}=\dfrac{15\sqrt{x}-11}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}-\dfrac{3x+7\sqrt{x}-6}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}-\dfrac{3\sqrt{x}-3}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}=\dfrac{15\sqrt{x}-11-3x-7\sqrt{x}+6-3\sqrt{x}+3}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}=\dfrac{-3x+5\sqrt{x}-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}=\dfrac{-\left(3x-5\sqrt{x}+2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}=\dfrac{-\left(3x-3\sqrt{x}-2\sqrt{x}+2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}=\dfrac{-\left[3\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)-2\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\right]}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}=\dfrac{-\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(3\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}=\dfrac{-\left(3\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\sqrt{x}+3}=\dfrac{2-3\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+3}\)
Ta có :
\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x+1}+\sqrt{x+2}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x+1}-\sqrt{x+2}}{\left(\sqrt{x+1}+\sqrt{x+2}\right)\left(\sqrt{x+1}-\sqrt{x+2}\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x+1}-\sqrt{x+2}}{-1}=-\sqrt{x+1}+\sqrt{x+2}\)
Tương tự :
\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x+2}+\sqrt{x+3}}=-\sqrt{x+2}+\sqrt{x+3}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{x+4}}=-\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{x+4}\)
....
\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x+2019}+\sqrt{x+2010}}=-\sqrt{x+2019}+\sqrt{x+2010}\)
Từ những ý trên , pt trở thành :
\(-\sqrt{x+1}+\sqrt{x+2}-\sqrt{x+2}+\sqrt{x+3}-\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{x+4}-.....-\sqrt{x+2019}+\sqrt{x+2020}=11\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+2020}-\sqrt{x+1}=11\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+2020-2\sqrt{\left(x+2020\right)\left(x+1\right)}+x+1=121\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x+1900=2\sqrt{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2020\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+950=\sqrt{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2020\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+1900x+902500=x^2+2021x+2020\)
\(\Leftrightarrow121x-900480=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{900480}{121}\)