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Bài 2 :
a, Ta có : \(\left(x+4\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+4=0\\x-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-4\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, Ta có : \(\left(3x-2\right)\left(4x-7\right)=0\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x-2=0\\4x-7=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x=2\\4x=7\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{2}{3}\\x=\frac{7}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, Ta có : \(\left(x+5\right)\left(x^2+1\right)=0\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+5=0\\x^2+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-5\\x^2+1=0\left(VL\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
d, Ta có : \(x\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+4\right)=0\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x-1=0\\x^2+4=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=1\\x^2+4=0\left(VL\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
e, Ta có : \(\left(3x+2\right)\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)=0\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x+2=0\\x+\frac{1}{2}=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\frac{2}{3}\\x=-\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
f, Ta có : \(\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2+7\right)=0\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+2=0\\x-3=0\\x^2+7=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\x=3\\x^2+7=0\left(VL\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 1 :
a, Ta có : \(1-\frac{x+3}{4}-\frac{x-2}{6}=0\)
=> \(\frac{12}{12}-\frac{3\left(x+3\right)}{12}-\frac{2\left(x-2\right)}{12}=0\)
=> \(12-3\left(x+3\right)-2\left(x-2\right)=0\)
=> \(12-3x-9-2x+4=0\)
=> \(-5x=-7\)
=> \(x=\frac{7}{5}\)
\(a,\)\(x^4-4x^3+4x^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2.\left(x^2-4x+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2.\left(x^2-2.x.2+2^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2.\left(x-2\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x^2=0\\\left(x-2\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x-2=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=2\end{cases}}\)
\(b,\)\(x^2+5x+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+x+4x+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x.\left(x+1\right)+4.\left(x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right).\left(x+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x+1=0\\x+4=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-1\\x=-4\end{cases}}\)
\(c,\)\(9x-6x^2-3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-3.\left(2x^2-3x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-3x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-2x-x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x.\left(x-1\right)-\left(x-1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right).\left(2x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\2x-1=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\\2x=1\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\\x=\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}}\)
\(d,\)\(2x^2+5x+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+4x+x+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x.\left(x+2\right)+\left(x+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right).\left(2x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x+2=0\\2x+1=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-2\\2x=-1\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-2\\x=-\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}}\)
\(a.2x^2+7x-9=0\\ \Leftrightarrow2\left(x^2+\frac{7}{2}x-\frac{9}{2}\right)=0\\\Leftrightarrow x^2+\frac{7}{2}x-\frac{9}{2}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2+\frac{9}{2}x-x-\frac{9}{2}=0\\\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+\frac{9}{2}\right)-\left(x+\frac{9}{2}\right)=0\\\Leftrightarrow \left(x-1\right)\left(x+\frac{9}{2}\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\x+\frac{9}{2}=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-\frac{9}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy tập nghiệm của phương trình trên là \(S=\left\{1;-\frac{9}{2}\right\}\)
\(b.x^2-4x+3=0\\\Leftrightarrow x^2-x-3x+3=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x\left(x-1\right)-3\left(x-1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)=0\\\Rightarrow \left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\x-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy tập nghiệm của phương trình trên là \(S=\left\{1;3\right\}\)
a) \(x^2+x-12=0\)
\(\left(a=1;b=1;c=-12\right)\)
\(\Delta=b^2-4ac=1-4.1.\left(-12\right)=49>0\)
* \(x_1=\dfrac{-b+\sqrt{\Delta}}{2a}=\dfrac{-1+\sqrt{49}}{2}=3\)
* \(x_2=\dfrac{-b-\sqrt{\Delta}}{2a}=\dfrac{-1-\sqrt{49}}{2}=-4\)
b) \(20-3x^2-7x=0\)
(a = -3 ; b = -7; c = 20)
\(\Delta=b^2-4ac=\left(-7\right)^2-4.\left(-3\right).20=289>0\)
* \(x_1=\dfrac{-b+\sqrt{\Delta}}{2a}=\dfrac{7+\sqrt{289}}{-6}=-4\)
* \(x_2=\dfrac{-b-\sqrt{\Delta}}{2a}=\dfrac{7-\sqrt{289}}{-6}=\dfrac{5}{3}\)
a) \(x^2+x-12=0\)
\(x^2-3x+4x-12=0\)
\(x\left(x-3\right)+4\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\left(x-3\right)\left(x+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-3=0\\x+4=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)
a, (3x-1)2 - (x+3)2 = 0
<=> [(3x-1)-(x+3)][(3x-1)+(x+3)] = 0
<=> (3x-1-x-3)(3x-1+x+3) = 0
<=> (2x-4)(4x+2) = 0
=> 2x-4=0 hoặc 4x+2=0
=> 2x =4 hoặc 4x = -2
=> x = 2 hoặc x = \(\frac{-1}{2}\)
\(\begin{array}{l} a){\left( {3x - 1} \right)^2} - {\left( {x + 3} \right)^2} = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \left( {3x - 1 + x + 3} \right)\left[ {3x - 1 - x - 3} \right] = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \left( {4x + 2} \right)\left( {2x - 4} \right) = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l} 4x + 2 = 0\\ 2x - 4 = 0 \end{array} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l} x = - \dfrac{1}{2}\\ x = 2 \end{array} \right.\\ b){x^3} - \dfrac{x}{{49}} = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow 49{x^3} - x = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow x\left( {49{x^2} - 1} \right) = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l} x = 0\\ 49{x^2} - 1 = 0 \end{array} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l} x = 0\\ x = \pm \dfrac{1}{7} \end{array} \right.\\ c){x^2} - 7x + 12 = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow {x^2} - 3x - 4x + 12 = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow x\left( {x - 3} \right) - 4\left( {x - 3} \right) = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \left( {x - 3} \right)\left( {x - 4} \right) = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l} x - 3 = 0\\ x - 4 = 0 \end{array} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l} x = 3\\ x = 4 \end{array} \right.\\ d)4{x^2} - 3x - 1 = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow 4{x^2} + x - 4x - 1 = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow x\left( {4x + 1} \right) - \left( {4x + 1} \right) = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \left( {4x + 1} \right)\left( {x - 1} \right) = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l} 4x + 1 = 0\\ x - 1 = 0 \end{array} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l} x = - \dfrac{1}{4}\\ x = 1 \end{array} \right.\\ e){x^3} - 2x - 4 = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow {x^3} - 4x + 2x - 4 = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow x\left( {{x^2} - 4} \right) + 2\left( {x - 2} \right) = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow x\left( {x - 2} \right)\left( {x + 2} \right) + 2\left( {x - 2} \right) = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \left( {x - 2} \right)\left[ {x\left( {x + 2} \right) + 2} \right] = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \left( {x - 2} \right)\left( {{x^2} + 2x + 2} \right) = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l} x - 2 = 0\\ {x^2} + 2x + 2 = 0 \end{array} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l} x = 2\\ {x^2} + 2x + 2x = 0\left( {VN} \right) \end{array} \right.\\ f){x^3} + 8{x^2} + 17x + 10 = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \left( {x + 1} \right)\left( {{x^2} + 7x + 10} \right) = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \left( {x + 1} \right)\left( {{x^2} + 5x + 2x + 10} \right) = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \left( {x + 1} \right)\left[ {x\left( {x + 5} \right) + 2\left( {x + 5} \right)} \right] = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \left( {x + 1} \right)\left( {x + 5} \right)\left( {x + 2} \right) = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l} x + 1 = 0\\ x + 5 = 0\\ x + 2 = 0 \end{array} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l} x = - 1\\ x = - 5\\ x = - 2 \end{array} \right. \end{array}\)
b.\(x^3-16x^2+64x=0\)
=>\(x^3-8x^2-8x^2+64x=0\)
=>\(x^2\left(x-8\right)-8x\left(x-8\right)=0\)
=>\(x\left(x-8\right)\left(x-8\right)=0\)
=>\(x=0\) và \(x-8=0\)
=>x=0 và x= 8
Vậy S={0; 8}
\(|6x-1|=2x+5\)
-Nếu 6x - 1 \(\ge0\Leftrightarrow x\ge\dfrac{1}{6}\)
\(|6x-1|=2x+5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6x-1=2x+5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6x-2x=5+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{2}\) (Loại)
-Nếu 6x-1 < 0 \(\Leftrightarrow x< \dfrac{1}{6}\)
\(|6x-1|=2x+5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-6x+1=2x+5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-6x-2x=5-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-8x=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)(Nhận)
Vậy S={\(-\dfrac{1}{2}\)}
a,x2+6x-7=0
=>x2+7x-x-7=0
=>(x^2+7x)-(x+7)=0
=>x(x+7)-(x+7)=0 =>(x+7)(x-1)=0
=>\(\orbr{\begin{cases}x+7=0\\x-1=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-7\\x=1\end{cases}}}\)
b, x^3-2x^2-5x+6=0
=>x(x^2-2x-5+6)=0
=>x(x^2-2x+1)=0\(^{\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\\left(x-1^2\right)=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow}\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=1\end{cases}}}\)
c, 2x^2-5x+3=0
=>2x^2-2x-3x+3=0
\(x^3-19x-30=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x^3+5x^2+6x-5x^2-25x-30=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-5\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-5\right)\left(x^2+2x+3x+6\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-5\right)[x\left(x+2\right)+3\left(x+2\right)]=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-5\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-5=0\\x+3=0\\x+2=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=5\\x=-3\\x=-2\end{cases}}\)
a. \(x^2-x-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+2x\right)-\left(3x+6\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+2\right)-3\left(x+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
b. \(x^2+8x-20=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2x\right)+\left(10x-20\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-2\right)+10\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+10\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=-10\end{matrix}\right.\)
c. \(x^4+4x^2-5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^4+4x^2+4\right)-9=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+2\right)^2-3^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+2+3\right)\left(x^2+2-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+5\right)\left(x^2-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2=-5\left(vo.nghiem\right)\\x=1\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
d. \(x^3-19x-30=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^3-5x^2\right)+\left(5x^2-25x\right)+\left(6x-30\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x-5\right)+5x\left(x-5\right)+6\left(x-5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-5\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-5\right)\left[\left(x^2+2x\right)+\left(3x+6\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-5\right)\left[x\left(x+2\right)+3\left(x+2\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-5\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=5\\x=-2\\x=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)