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*vn:vô nghiệm.
a. \(\left(x^2-2\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-2=0\\x^2+x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-\sqrt{2}\right)\left(x+\sqrt{2}\right)=0\\\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}=0\left(vn\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\pm\sqrt{2}\)
-Vậy \(S=\left\{\pm\sqrt{2}\right\}\).
b. \(16x^2-8x+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow16x^2-8x+1+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4x-1\right)^2+4=0\) (vô lí)
-Vậy S=∅.
c. \(2x^3-x^2-8x+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(2x-1\right)-4\left(2x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)\left(x^2-4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=\pm2\end{matrix}\right.\)
-Vậy \(S=\left\{\dfrac{1}{2};\pm2\right\}\).
d. \(3x^3+6x^2-75x-150=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2\left(x+2\right)-75\left(x+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-25\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(x+2\right)\left(x+5\right)\left(x-5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\x=\pm5\end{matrix}\right.\)
-Vậy \(S=\left\{-2;\pm5\right\}\)
a) \(x^2-3x^3+4x^2-3x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-3x^3+5x^2-3x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-3x^3+2x^2-x+3x^2-2x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(-3x^2+2x-1\right)-1\left(-3x^2+2x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(-3x^2+2x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x-1=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
Vậy \(x=1\)
b) \(3x^4-13x^3+16x^2-13x+3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x^4-4x^3+4x^2-x-9x^3+12x^2+12x+3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(3x^3-4x^2+4x-1\right)-3\left(3x^3-4x^2+4x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(3x^3-4x^2+4x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(x-3\right)\left(x-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{3;\dfrac{1}{3}\right\}\)
a) Ta có: \(x^2-3x^3+4x^2-3x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-3x^3+5x^2-3x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-3x^3+3x^2+2x^2-2x-x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-3x^2\left(x-1\right)+2x\left(x-1\right)-\left(x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(-3x^2+2x-1\right)=0\)
mà \(-3x^2+2x-1\ne0\forall x\)
nên x-1=0
hay x=1
Vậy: S={1}
b) Ta có: \(3x^4-13x^3+16x^2-13x+3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x^4-9x^3-4x^3+12x^2+4x^2-12x-x+3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x^3\left(x-3\right)-4x^2\left(x-3\right)+4x\left(x-3\right)-\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(3x^3-4x^2+4x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(3x^3-x^2-3x^2+x+3x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left[x^2\left(3x-1\right)-x\left(3x-1\right)+\left(3x-1\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(3x-1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)=0\)
mà \(x^2-x+1\ne0\forall x\)
nên \(\left(x-3\right)\left(3x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-3=0\\3x-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\3x=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: \(S=\left\{\dfrac{1}{3};3\right\}\)
b: =>1/4x+4/5-x-5=1/3x+1-1/2x+1
=>-3/4x+1/6x=2+5-4/5=24/5
=>x=-288/35
c: =>6x^2+3x-30x-15=6x^2+10x-21x-35
=>-27x-15=-11x-35
=>-16x=-20
=>x=5/4
\(a,x^3+x^2+x+1=0\\ \Rightarrow x^2\left(x+1\right)+\left(x+1\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x+1\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2=-1\left(vô.lí\right)\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy pt có tập nghiệm \(S=\left\{-1\right\}\)
\(b,x^3+x^2-x-1=0\\ \Rightarrow x^2\left(x+1\right)-\left(x+1\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x+1\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)^2=0\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy pt có tập nghiệm \(S=\left\{-1;1\right\}\)
\(c,\left(x+1\right)^2\left(x+2\right)+\left(x+1\right)^2\left(x-2\right)=-24\\ \Rightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2\left(x+2+x-2\right)=-24\\ \Rightarrow2x\left(x^2+2x+1\right)=-24\\ \Rightarrow x^3+2x^2+x+12=0\\ \Rightarrow\left(x^3+3x^2\right)-\left(x^2+3x\right)+\left(4x+12\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow x^2\left(x+3\right)-x\left(x+3\right)+4\left(x+3\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left(x^2-x+4\right)\left(x+3\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{15}{4}=0\left(vô.lí\right)\\x=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy pt có tập nghiệm \(S=\left\{-3\right\}\)
a) Ta có: (5x-1)(x-3)<0
nên 5x-1 và x-3 trái dấu
Trường hợp 1:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x-1>0\\x-3< 0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x>\dfrac{1}{5}\\x< 3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{5}< x< 3\)
Trường hợp 2:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x-1< 0\\x-3>0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x< \dfrac{1}{5}\\x>3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow loại\)
Vậy: S={x|\(\dfrac{1}{5}< x< 3\)}
a) Ta có: \(x^2-2x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-1=0\)hay x=1
Vậy: S={1}
c) Ta có: \(x+x^4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x^3+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)=0\)
mà \(x^2-x+1>0\forall x\)
nên x(x+1)=0
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: S={0;-1}
a. \(\dfrac{-3}{x^2-9}+\dfrac{5}{3-x}=\dfrac{2}{x+3}\)
<=> \(\dfrac{-3}{x^2-9}+\dfrac{-5}{x-3}=\dfrac{2}{x+3}\)
<=> \(\dfrac{-3}{x^2-9}+\dfrac{-5\left(x+3\right)}{x^2-9}=\dfrac{2\left(x-3\right)}{x^2-9}\)
<=> \(-3+\left(-5\right)\left(x+3\right)=2\left(x-3\right)\)
<=> -3 + (-5x) + (-15) = 2x - 6
<=> -5x -2x = 15 - 6 + 3
<=> -7x = 12
<=> x = \(\dfrac{-12}{7}\)
Vậy ........
b. \(\left|x+5\right|=2x-1\)
Nếu x \(\ge\) -5 => \(\left|x+5\right|\) = x + 5
Nếu x < -5 => \(\left|x+5\right|\) = -(x + 5)
TH1: Nếu x \(\ge\) -5
<=> x + 5 = 2x - 1
<=> x - 2x = -1 - 5
<=> -x = -6
<=> x = 6
TH2: Nếu x < -5
<=> -(x + 5) = 2x - 1
<=> -x - 5 = 2x - 1
<=> -5 + 1 = 2x + x
<=> -4 = 3x
<=> x = \(\dfrac{-4}{3}\)
Vậy .........
c. Bạn tự giải câu này nhé (có thể tách các hạng tử rồi tính)
Bài 1:
a.
$(4x^2+4x+1)-x^2=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (2x+1)^2-x^2=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (2x+1-x)(2x+1+x)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (x+1)(3x+1)=0$
$\Rightarrow x+1=0$ hoặc $3x+1=0$
$\Rightarrow x=-1$ hoặc $x=-\frac{1}{3}$
b.
$x^2-2x+1=4$
$\Leftrightarrow (x-1)^2=2^2$
$\Leftrightarrow (x-1)^2-2^2=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (x-1-2)(x-1+2)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (x-3)(x+1)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow x-3=0$ hoặc $x+1=0$
$\Leftrightarrow x=3$ hoặc $x=-1$
c.
$x^2-5x+6=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (x^2-2x)-(3x-6)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow x(x-2)-3(x-2)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (x-2)(x-3)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow x-2=0$ hoặc $x-3=0$
$\Leftrightarrow x=2$ hoặc $x=3$
2c.
ĐKXĐ: $x\neq 0$
PT $\Leftrightarrow x-\frac{6}{x}=x+\frac{3}{2}$
$\Leftrightarrow -\frac{6}{x}=\frac{3}{2}$
$\Leftrightarrow x=-4$ (tm)
2d.
ĐKXĐ: $x\neq 2$
PT $\Leftrightarrow \frac{1+3(x-2)}{x-2}=\frac{3-x}{x-2}$
$\Leftrightarrow \frac{3x-5}{x-2}=\frac{3-x}{x-2}$
$\Rightarrow 3x-5=3-x$
$\Leftrightarrow 4x=8$
$\Leftrightarrow x=2$ (không tm)
Vậy pt vô nghiệm.
a) \(2\chi-3=3\left(\chi+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\chi-3=3\chi+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\chi-3\chi=3+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\chi=-6\)
Vậy phương trình có tập nghiệm S= \(\left\{-6\right\}\)
\(3\chi-3=2\left(\chi+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\chi-3=2\chi+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\chi-2\chi=2+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\chi=5\)
Vậy phương trình có tập nghiệm S= \(\left\{5\right\}\)
b) \(\left(3\chi+2\right)\left(4\chi-5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3\chi+2=0\\4\chi-5=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3\chi=-2\\4\chi=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\chi=\dfrac{-2}{3}\\\chi=\dfrac{5}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy phương trình có tập nghiệm S= \(\left\{\dfrac{-2}{3};\dfrac{5}{4}\right\}\)
\(\left(3\chi+5\right)\left(4\chi-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3\chi+5=0\\4\chi-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3\chi=-5\\4\chi=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\chi=\dfrac{-5}{3}\\\chi=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy phương trình có tập nghiệm S= \(\left\{\dfrac{-5}{3};\dfrac{1}{2}\right\}\)
c) \(\left|\chi-7\right|=2\chi+3\)
Trường hợp 1:
Nếu \(\chi-7\ge0\Leftrightarrow\chi\ge7\)
Khi đó:\(\left|\chi-7\right|=2\chi+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\chi-7=2\chi+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\chi-2\chi=3+7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\chi=-10\) (KTMĐK)
Trường hợp 2:
Nếu \(\chi-7\le0\Leftrightarrow\chi\le7\)
Khi đó: \(\left|\chi-7\right|=2\chi+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\chi+7=2\chi+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\chi-2\chi=3-7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-3\chi=-4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\chi=\dfrac{4}{3}\)(TMĐK)
Vậy phương trình có tập nghiệm S=\(\left\{\dfrac{4}{3}\right\}\)
\(\left|\chi-4\right|=5-3\chi\)
Trường hợp 1:
Nếu \(\chi-4\ge0\Leftrightarrow\chi\ge4\)
Khi đó: \(\left|\chi-4\right|=5-3\chi\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\chi-4=5-3\chi\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\chi+3\chi=5+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\chi=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\chi=\dfrac{9}{4}\)(KTMĐK)
Trường hợp 2: Nếu \(\chi-4\le0\Leftrightarrow\chi\le4\)
Khi đó: \(\left|\chi-4\right|=5-3\chi\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\chi+4=5-3\chi\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\chi+3\chi=5-4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\chi=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\chi=\dfrac{1}{2}\)(TMĐK)
Vậy phương trình có tập nghiệm S=\(\left\{\dfrac{1}{2}\right\}\)
Bài làm:
a) \(x\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\)
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x-1=0\end{cases}}\) hoặc \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x+1=0\\x+2=0\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=1\end{cases}}\) hoặc \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-1\\x=-2\end{cases}}\)
Vậy tập nghiệm PT \(S=\left\{-2;-1;0;1\right\}\)
b) Nhận thấy \(\left(x-1\right)^4+\left(x-2\right)^4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^4=-\left(x-2\right)^4\)
Mà \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-1\right)^4\ge0\\-\left(x-2\right)^4\le0\end{cases}\left(\forall x\right)}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-1\right)^4=0\\-\left(x-2\right)^4=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\x=2\end{cases}}\) (vô lý)
=> không tồn tại x thỏa mãn PT
a) x( x - 1 )( x + 1 )( x + 2 ) = 0
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x-1=0\end{cases}}\), \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x+1=0\\x+2=0\end{cases}}\)
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=1\end{cases}}\), \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-1\\x=-2\end{cases}}\)
b) ( x - 1 )4 + ( x - 2 )4 = 0
<=> ( x - 1 )4 = -( x - 2 )4
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-1\right)^4\ge0\\-\left(x-2\right)^4\le0\end{cases}\forall}x\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\x-2=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\x=2\end{cases}}\)( mâu thuẫn )
=> Phương trình vô nghiệm