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\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+3xy+3y^2+xy-2x-6y=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+3y\right)+y\left(x+3y\right)-2\left(x+3y\right)=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y-2\right)\left(x+3y\right)=5\)
Bảng giá trị:
x+y-2 | -5 | -1 | 1 | 5 |
x+3y | -1 | -5 | 5 | 1 |
x | -4 | 4 | 2 | 10 |
y | 1 | -3 | 1 | -3 |
Vậy \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(-4;1\right);\left(4;-3\right);\left(2;1\right);\left(10;-3\right)\)
a.
$12x^3y-24x^2y^2+12xy^3=12xy(x^2-2xy+y^2)=12xy(x-y)^2$
b.
$x^2-6x+xy-6y=(x^2+xy)-(6x+6y)=x(x+y)-6(x+y)=(x-6)(x+y)$
c.
$2x^2+2xy-x-y=2x(x+y)-(x+y)=(x+y)(2x-1)$
d.
$x^3-3x^2+3x-1=(x-1)^3$
e.
$3x^2-3y^2-12x-12y=(3x^2-3y^2)-(12x+12y)$
$=3(x-y)(x+y)-12(x+y)=(x+y)[3(x-y)-12]=3(x-y)(x-y-4)$
f.
$x^2-2xy-x^2+4y^2=4y^2-2xy=2y(2y-x)$
x2 - 3y2 + 2xy + 2x - 4y - 7 = 0
<=> 4.(x2 - 3y2 + 2xy + 2x - 4y - 7) = 0
<=> 4x2 - 12y2 + 8xy + 8x - 16y - 28 = 0
<=> (4x2 + 8xy + 4y2) + (8x + 8y) + 4 - 16y2 - 24y - 32 = 0
<=> (2x + 2y)2 + 4(2x + 2y) + 4 - (16y2 + 24y + 9) = 23
<=> (2x + 2y + 2)2 - (4y + 3)2 = 23
<=> (2x + 6y + 5)(2x - 2y - 1) = 23
Vì \(x;y\inℤ\Rightarrow2x+6y+5;2x-2y-1\inℤ\)
Lập bảng :
2x + 6y + 5 | 1 | 23 | -1 | -23 |
2x - 2y - 1 | 23 | 1 | -23 | -1 |
x | 17/2(loại) | 3 | -9 | -7/2(loại) |
y | 2 | 2 |
Vậy (x;y) = (3;2) ; (-9;2)
bài 4 : ta có : \(x+2y=3\Leftrightarrow x=3-2y\)
\(\Rightarrow E=x^2+2y^2=\left(3-2y\right)^2+2y^2=4y^2-12y+9+2y^2\)
\(=6y^2-12y+6+3=6\left(y-1\right)^2+3\ge3\)
\(\Rightarrow E_{max}=3\) khi \(x=y=1\)
bài 5 : ta có : \(x^2+3y^2+2xy-10x-14y+18=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2y^2-4y+2=-\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+10\left(x+y\right)-16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(y-1\right)^2=-\left(x+y\right)^2+10\left(x+y\right)-16\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\le x+y\le8\)
\(\Rightarrow P_{min}=2\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=1\\x+y=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=1\)
\(\Rightarrow P_{max}=8\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=1\\x+y=8\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=7\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
vậy ...........................................................................................................................
a)\(A=3x^2+6xy+3y^2-3z^2=3\left(x^2+2xy+y^2-z^2\right)=3\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-z^2\right]=3\left(x+y-z\right)\left(x+y+z\right)\)b) \(A=\left(x+y\right)^2-2\left(x+y\right)+1=\left(x+y-1\right)^2\)
c) \(A=x^2+y^2+2xy+yz+zx=\left(x+y\right)^2+z\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y+z\right)\)
a ) x = 300
b) Gợi ý: Bớt 3 ở từng phân số. Đáp số: x = 1; x = -2
\(x^2+3y^2+2xy-18\left(x+y\right)=73\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+3y^2+2xy-18x-18y-73=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2\left(9-y\right)x+3y^2-18y-73=0\)
\(\Delta'=\left(9-y\right)^2-\left(3y^2-18y-73\right)\)
\(=81-18y+y^2-3y^2+18y+73\)
\(=-2y^2+154\)
\(=-2\left(y^2-77\right)\)
Phương trình có nghiệm khi \(\)
\(\Delta'\ge0\Leftrightarrow-2\left(y^2-77\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow y^2-77\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y^2\le77\Leftrightarrow-\sqrt[]{77}\le y\le\sqrt[]{77}\)
Phương trình có 2 nghiệm là
\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x_1=9-y+\sqrt[]{-2\left(y^2-77\right)}\\x_2=9-y-\sqrt[]{-2\left(y^2-77\right)}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\left(-\sqrt[]{77}\le y\le\sqrt[]{77}\right)\)