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a) \(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{\frac{x}{9}}-\frac{1}{3}\sqrt{4x}=5\)
ĐK : x ≥ 0
<=>\(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x\times\frac{1}{9}}-\frac{1}{3}\sqrt{2^2x}=5\)
<=> \(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x\times\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^2}-\left(\frac{1}{3}\times\left|2\right|\right)\sqrt{x}=5\)
<=> \(\sqrt{x}+\left|\frac{1}{3}\right|\sqrt{x}-\left(\frac{1}{3}\times2\right)\sqrt{x}=5\)
<=> \(\sqrt{x}+\frac{1}{3}\sqrt{x}-\frac{2}{3}\sqrt{x}=5\)
<=> \(\sqrt{x}\left(1+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{2}{3}\right)=5\)
<=> \(\sqrt{x}\times\frac{2}{3}=5\)
<=> \(\sqrt{x}=\frac{15}{2}\)
<=> \(x=\frac{225}{4}\)( tm )
đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x+1}=a\\\sqrt{x^2-x+1}=b\end{cases}\left(a,b\ge0\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x^2-x+1=b^2\\\sqrt{x^3+1}=\sqrt{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)}=ab\end{cases}}\)
PT tương đương với :
\(x^2-x+1+2\sqrt{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)}-1=2\sqrt{x+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b^2+2ab-1=2a\Leftrightarrow b^2+2ab+a^2=a^2+2a+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2=\left(a+1\right)^2\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a+b=a+1\\a+b=-\left(a+1\right)\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}b=1\\loai\left(VT\ge0;VP< 0\right)\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2-x+1}=1\Leftrightarrow x^2-x=0\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=1\end{cases}\left(tm\right)}\)
Vậy ...
\(\int^{\sqrt{5}x-y=\sqrt{5}\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)}_{2\sqrt{3}x+3\sqrt{5}y=21}\Leftrightarrow\int^{y=\sqrt{5}x-\sqrt{5}\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)}_{2\sqrt{3}x+3\sqrt{5}\left(\sqrt{5}x-\sqrt{5}\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\right)=21}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\int^{y=\sqrt{5}x-\sqrt{5}\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)}_{2\sqrt{3}x+15x-15\sqrt{3}+15=21}\Leftrightarrow\int^{y=\sqrt{5}x-\sqrt{5}\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)}_{\left(2\sqrt{3}+15\right)x=6+15\sqrt{3}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\int^{y=\sqrt{5}x-\sqrt{5}\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)}_{x=\frac{6+15\sqrt{3}}{2\sqrt{3}+15}}\Leftrightarrow\int^{y=\sqrt{5}\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{5}\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}=\sqrt{5}}_{x=\sqrt{3}}\)
Vậy nghiệm của hpt là: \(\int^{x=\sqrt{3}}_{y=\sqrt{5}}\)
\(ĐK\sqrt{x-1}\ge0\Rightarrow x-1\ge0\Rightarrow x\ge1\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x-1}-2=t\Rightarrow\sqrt{x-1}-3=t-1\)
\(|t|-|t-1|=1\)
\(th1:t-1+t=1\Rightarrow2t-1=1\Rightarrow2t=2\Rightarrow t=1\)
\(t=1\Rightarrow\sqrt{x-1}-2=1\Rightarrow\sqrt{x-1}=3\Rightarrow x-1=9\Rightarrow x=8\)
\(th2:-t-t+1=1\Rightarrow-2t=0\Rightarrow t=0\)
\(t=0\Rightarrow\sqrt{x-1}-2=0\Rightarrow\sqrt{x-1}=2\Rightarrow x-1=4\Rightarrow x=5\)
Vậy x = 8 : x = 5
a) ĐK: \(x>2009;y>2010;z>2011\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\sqrt{x-2009}-1}{x-2009}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{\sqrt{y-2010}-1}{y-2010}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{\sqrt{z-2011}-1}{z-2011}-\frac{1}{4}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{-\left(\sqrt{x-2009}-2\right)^2}{4\left(x-2009\right)}+\frac{-\left(\sqrt{y-2010}-2\right)^2}{4\left(y-2010\right)}+\frac{-\left(\sqrt{z-2011}-2\right)^2}{4\left(z-2011\right)}=0\left(1\right)\)
Dễ thấy với đkxđ thì \(VT\left(1\right)\le0\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x-2009}=2\\\sqrt{y-2010}=2\\\sqrt{z-2011}=2\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2013\\y=2014\\z=2015\end{cases}\left(tm\right)}}\)
\(\sqrt{x^2-9}+\sqrt{x^2-6x+9}=0\)(*)
\(ĐK:\orbr{\begin{cases}x\ge3\\x\le-3\end{cases}}\)
(*)\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-3\right)}+\sqrt{\left(x-3\right)^2}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-3}\left(\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{x-3}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=3\left(tm\right)\\\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{x-3}=0\end{cases}}\)
Xét phương trình\(\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{x-3}=0\)(**) có \(\sqrt{x+3}\ge0;\sqrt{x-3}\ge0\)nên (**) xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x+3}=0\\\sqrt{x-3}=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-3\\x=3\end{cases}}\left(L\right)\)
Vậy phương trình có một nghiệm duy nhất là 3
ĐK: \(x\ge-1;y\ge3;z\ge1\)
\(\sqrt{x+1}+\sqrt{y-3}+\sqrt{z-1}\le\frac{x+1+1+y-3+1+z-1+1}{2}=\frac{x+y+z}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\hept{\begin{cases}x=0\\y=4\\z=2\end{cases}\left(tm\right)}\)
a/ \(x^2+4x+5=2\sqrt{2x+3}\)
ĐK: \(x\ge-\frac{3}{2}\)
Cách 1:
Đặt \(\sqrt{2x+3}=y+2\text{ (}y\ge-2\text{)}\Rightarrow\left(y+2\right)^2=2x+3\text{ (1)}\)
Pt đã cho trở thành \(\left(x+2\right)^2+1=2\left(y+2\right)\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)^2=2y+3\text{ (2)}\)
\(\left(2\right)-\left(1\right)\Rightarrow\left(x+2\right)^2-\left(y+2\right)^2=2\left(y-x\right)\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y+6\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=y\text{ }\left(\text{do }x\ge-\frac{3}{2};\text{ }y\ge-2\text{ nên }x+y+6\ge-\frac{3}{2}-2+6>0\right)\)
Do đó, phương trình đã cho tương tương:
\(x=\sqrt{2x+3}-2\Leftrightarrow x+2=\sqrt{2x+3}\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)^2=2x+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2x+1=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=-1\)
Kết luận: \(x=-1.\)
Cách 2:
\(pt\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{4}\left(2x+3\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}\left(2x+3\right)+\frac{5}{4}=2\sqrt{2x+3}\)
Đặt \(t=\sqrt{2x+3};\text{ }t\ge0\)
pt thành \(\frac{1}{4}t^4+\frac{1}{2}t^3+\frac{5}{4}=2t\Leftrightarrow\left(t-1\right)^2\left(t^2+2t+5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow t-1=0\text{ }\left(\text{do }t^2+2t+5=\left(t+1\right)^2+4>0\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow t=1\)
Do đó, phương trình đã cho tương đương:
\(\sqrt{2x+3}=1\Leftrightarrow x=-1\)
Kết luận: \(x=-1.\)
Cách 3:
\(pt\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+2x+1\right)+\left[\left(2x+3\right)-2\sqrt{2x+3}+1\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{2x+3}-1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+1=0\text{ và }\sqrt{2x+3}-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-1\)
Kết luận: \(x=-1.\)
b/ \(2\left(x^2-3x+2\right)=3\sqrt{x^3+8}\)
ĐK: \(x\ge-2\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow2\left(x^2-2x+4\right)-2\left(x+2\right)=3\sqrt{x+2}.\sqrt{x^2-2x+4}\)
Đặt \(a=\sqrt{x^2-2x+4};\text{ }b=\sqrt{x+2}\left(a>0;\text{ }b\ge0\right)\)
Pt thành: \(2a^2-2b^2=3ab\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2b\right)\left(2a+b\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=2b\text{ }\left(\text{do }a>0;\text{ }b\ge0\text{ nên }2a+b>0\right)\)
Pt đã cho tương đương: \(\sqrt{x^2-2x+4}=2\sqrt{x+2}\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x+4=4\left(x+2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-6x-4=0\Leftrightarrow x=3+\sqrt{13}\text{ hoặc }x=3-\sqrt{13}\)
Kết luận: \(x=3+\sqrt{13};\text{ }x=3-\sqrt{13}\)
Ta có :\(\sqrt[3]{x^2+2}=3\)
<=> \(\left(\sqrt[3]{x^2+2}\right)^3=3^3\)
<=> x2 + 2 = 27
<=> x2 = 25
<=> x = \(\pm\)5
Vậy x = \(\pm\)5 là nghiệm phương trình