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Mình nghĩ đề câu a là: \(x+\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{x}-1=-6\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x}=t\Rightarrow t^2=x\)
\(Ta\)\(được\): \(t^2+\sqrt{5}+t-1=-6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow t^2-5+t+\sqrt{5}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(t-\sqrt{5}\right).\left(t+\sqrt{5}\right)+\left(t+\sqrt{5}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(t+\sqrt{5}\right).\left(t-\sqrt{5}+1\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}t=-\sqrt{5}\\t=\sqrt{5}-1\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=5\\x=6-2\sqrt{5}\end{cases}}\)
Gợi ý:
a) Đặt \(x^2+3x+1=a\)
b) \(\left(x^2+8x+7\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+5\right)+15\)
\(=\left(x^2+8x+7\right)\left(x^2+8x+15\right)+15\)
Đặt \(x^2+8x+11=a\)
c) \(\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)\left(x+5\right)-24=\left(x^2+7x+10\right)\left(x^2+7x+12\right)-24\)
Đặt \(x^2+7x+11=a\)
d) \(\left(4x+1\right)\left(12x-1\right)\left(3x+2\right)\left(x+1\right)-4=\left(12x^2+11x+2\right)\left(12x^2+11x-1\right)-4\)
Đặt \(12x^2+11x-1=a\)
Câu hỏi của Nguyễn Tấn Phát - Toán lớp 8 - Học toán với OnlineMath
Em tham khảo câu e nhé!
\(\Leftrightarrow4\left|x-2\right|=\left(x-2\right)^2+4\)
Đặt \(\left|x-2\right|=t\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow4t=t^2+4\Rightarrow t^2-4t+4=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(t-2\right)^2=0\Rightarrow t=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x-2\right|=2\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=2\\x-2=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
a/ \(2\left(x^2-3x+2\right)=3\sqrt{x^3+8}\)
\(\Rightarrow2x^2-6x+4=3\sqrt{\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-2x+4\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(-2\right)\left(x+2\right)+2\left(x^2-2x+4\right)=3\sqrt{\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-2x+4\right)}\)
Chia 2 vế cho x2 - 2x + 4 ta được:
\(\left(-2\right).\frac{x+2}{x^2-2x+4}+2=3\sqrt{\frac{x+2}{x^2-2x+4}}\)
Đặt \(a=\sqrt{\frac{x+2}{x^2-2x+4}}\left(a\ge0\right)\) ta được:
\(-2a^2-3a+2=0\Rightarrow\left(1-2a\right)\left(a+2\right)=0\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a=\frac{1}{2}\left(n\right)\\a=-2\left(l\right)\end{cases}}\)
\(a=\frac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\frac{x+2}{x^2-2x+4}}=\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow\frac{x+2}{x^2-2x+4}=\frac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2-6x-4=0\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=3+\sqrt{13}\\x=3-\sqrt{13}\end{cases}}\) (cái này tính denta là ra kết quả thôi)
Vậy có 2 nghiệm trên
câu b, c tương tự thôi
Bài 1:
1.
\((x^2-6x)^2-2(x-3)^2+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x^2-6x)^2-2(x^2-6x+9)+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x^2-6x)^2-2(x^2-6x)-16=0\)
Đặt $x^2-6x=a$ thì pt trở thành:
$a^2-2a-16=0$
$\Leftrightarrow a=1\pm \sqrt{17}$
Nếu $a=1+\sqrt{17}$
$\Leftrightarrow x^2-6x=1+\sqrt{17}$
$\Leftrightarrow (x-3)^2=10+\sqrt{17}$
$\Rightarrow x=3\pm \sqrt{10+\sqrt{17}}$
Nếu $a=1-\sqrt{17}$
$\Rightarrow x=3\pm \sqrt{10-\sqrt{17}}$
Vậy.........
2.
$x^4-2x^3+x=2$
$\Leftrightarrow x^3(x-2)+(x-2)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (x-2)(x^3+1)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (x-2)(x+1)(x^2-x+1)=0$
Thấy rằng $x^2-x+1=(x-\frac{1}{2})^2+\frac{3}{4}>0$ nên $(x-2)(x+1)=0$
$\Rightarrow x=2$ hoặc $x=-1$
Vậy.......
Bài 2:
1.
ĐKXĐ: $x\neq 1$. Ta có:
\(x^2+(\frac{x}{x-1})^2=8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+(\frac{x}{x-1})^2+\frac{2x^2}{x-1}=8+\frac{2x^2}{x-1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x+\frac{x}{x-1})^2=8+\frac{2x^2}{x-1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (\frac{x^2}{x-1})^2=8+\frac{2x^2}{x-1}\)
Đặt $\frac{x^2}{x-1}=a$ thì pt trở thành:
$a^2=8+2a$
$\Leftrightarrow (a-4)(a+2)=0$
Nếu $a=4\Leftrightarrow \frac{x^2}{x-1}=4$
$\Rightarrow x^2-4x+4=0\Leftrightarrow (x-2)^2=0\Rightarrow x=2$ (tm)
Nếu $a=-2\Leftrightarrow \frac{x^2}{x-1}=-2$
$x^2+2x-2=0\Rightarrow x=-1\pm \sqrt{3}$ (tm)
Vậy........
2. ĐKXĐ: $x\neq 0; 2$
$(\frac{x-1}{x})^2+(\frac{x-1}{x-2})^2=\frac{40}{49}$
$\Leftrightarrow (\frac{x-1}{x}+\frac{x-1}{x-2})^2-\frac{2(x-1)^2}{x(x-2)}=\frac{40}{49}$
$\Leftrightarrow 4\left[\frac{(x-1)^2}{x(x-2)}\right]^2-\frac{2(x-1)^2}{x(x-2)}=\frac{40}{49}$
Đặt $\frac{(x-1)^2}{x(x-2)}=a$ thì pt trở thành:
$4a^2-2a=\frac{40}{49}$
$\Rightarrow 2a^2-a-\frac{20}{49}=0$
$\Rightarrow a=\frac{7\pm \sqrt{209}}{28}$
$\Leftrightarrow 1+\frac{1}{x(x-2)}=\frac{7\pm \sqrt{209}}{28}$
$\Leftrightarrow \frac{1}{x(x-2)}=\frac{-21\pm \sqrt{209}}{28}$
$\Rightarrow x(x-2)=\frac{28}{-21\pm \sqrt{209}}$
$\Rightarrow (x-1)^2=\frac{7\pm \sqrt{209}}{-21\pm \sqrt{209}}$.
Dễ thấy $\frac{7+\sqrt{209}}{-21+\sqrt{209}}< 0$ nên vô lý
Do đó $(x-1)^2=\frac{7-\sqrt{209}}{-21-\sqrt{209}}$
$\Leftrightarrow x=1\pm \sqrt{\frac{7-\sqrt{209}}{-21-\sqrt{209}}}$
Vậy........
a/ Đặt \(x^2+2x+1=\left(x+1\right)^2=t\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(t+2\right)t=3\Leftrightarrow t^2+2t-3=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=1\\t=-3\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2=1\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+1=1\\x+1=-1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
b/ \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-x\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)-6=0\)
Đặt \(x^2-x=t\Rightarrow t\left(t+1\right)-6=0\Rightarrow t^2+t-6=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=-3\\t=2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-x=-3\\x^2-x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-x+3=0\left(vn\right)\\x^2-x-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(a,\Leftrightarrow5\left(x-2\right)-15x\le9+10\left(x+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x-10-15x\le9+10x+10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-20x\le29\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\ge-1,45\)
Vậy ...........
\(b,\Rightarrow\left(x+2\right)-3\left(x-3\right)=5\left(x-2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+2-3x+9-5x+10=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-7x+21=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=3\)
Vậy ..............
\(\frac{x-2}{6}-\frac{x}{2}\le\frac{3}{10}+\frac{x+1}{3}\Leftrightarrow\frac{5\left(x-2\right)}{30}-\frac{15x}{30}\le\frac{9}{30}+\frac{10\left(x+1\right)}{30}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x-10-15x-9-10x-10\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-20x-29\le0\Leftrightarrow\left(-20x\right)\cdot\frac{-1}{20}\ge29\cdot-\frac{1}{20}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\ge-\frac{29}{20}\)
\(\frac{x^2+5}{25-x^2}=\frac{3}{x+5}+\frac{x}{x-5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2+5}{\left(5-x\right)\left(5+x\right)}=\frac{3}{5+x}-\frac{x}{5-x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2+5}{\left(5-x\right)\left(5+x\right)}=\frac{3\left(5-x\right)-x\left(5+x\right)}{\left(5-x\right)\left(5+x\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+5=3\left(5-x\right)-x\left(5+x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+5=15-3x-5x-x^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow15-3x-5x-x^2-x^2-5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow10-8x-2x^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+8x-10=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x^2+4x-5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x^2+5x-x-5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x+5x-5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-1\right)+5\left(x-1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x+5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\x+5=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\\x=-5\end{cases}}}\)
a) Đặt \(2x^2-3x-1=a\)
Bt \(\Leftrightarrow a^2-3\left(a-4\right)-16=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-3a+12-16=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-4\right)\left(a+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x^2-3x-1=4\\2x^2-3x-1=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x^2-3x-5=0\\2x^2-3x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+1\right)\left(2x-5\right)=0\\x\left(2x-3\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=2.5\end{matrix}\right.\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=1.5\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
