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a/ ĐKXĐ: \(0\le x\le1\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{1-x}=a>0\Rightarrow\sqrt{x-x^2}=\frac{a^2-1}{2}\)
Ta được:
\(1+\frac{a^2-1}{3}=a\Leftrightarrow a^2-3a+2=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\a=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{1-x}=1\\\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{1-x}=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x\left(1-x\right)}=0\\2\sqrt{x-x^2}=3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\left(1-x\right)=0\\-4x^2+4x-9=0\left(vn\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
b/ ĐKXĐ: ...
Đặt \(\sqrt{x+5}=a\ge0\Rightarrow a^2-x=5\)
\(x^2+a=a^2-x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-a^2+a+x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+x\right)\left(x-a+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=-x\\a=x+1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x+5}=-x\left(x\le0\right)\\\sqrt{x+5}=x+1\left(x\ge-1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+5=x^2\left(x\le0\right)\\x+5=x^2+2x+1\left(x\ge-1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow...\)
c/ ĐKXĐ: \(2\le x\le5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{3x-3}=\sqrt{2x-4}+\sqrt{5-x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x-3=x+1+2\sqrt{\left(2x-4\right)\left(5-x\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-2=\sqrt{\left(2x-4\right)\left(5-x\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2=\left(2x-4\right)\left(5-x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(3x-12\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
1.
a/ ĐKXĐ: \(-1\le x\le5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+3}\le\sqrt{5-x}+\sqrt{x+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+3\le6+2\sqrt{\left(5-x\right)\left(x+1\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-3\le2\sqrt{-x^2+4x+5}\)
- Với \(x< 3\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}VT< 0\\VP\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) BPT luôn đúng
- Với \(x\ge3\) cả 2 vế ko âm, bình phương:
\(x^2-6x+9\le-4x^2+16x+20\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x^2-22x-11\le0\) \(\Rightarrow\frac{11-4\sqrt{11}}{5}\le x\le\frac{11+4\sqrt{11}}{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow3\le x\le\frac{11+4\sqrt{11}}{5}\)
Vậy nghiệm của BPT đã cho là \(-1\le x\le\frac{11+4\sqrt{11}}{5}\)
1b/
Đặt \(\sqrt{2x^2+8x+12}=t\ge2\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+4x=\frac{t^2}{2}-6\)
BPT trở thành:
\(\frac{t^2}{2}-12\ge t\Leftrightarrow t^2-2t-24\ge0\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t\le-4\left(l\right)\\t\ge6\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{2x^2+8x+12}\ge6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+8x-24\ge0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\le-6\\x\ge2\end{matrix}\right.\)
b: ĐKXĐ: x>=-1
\(\sqrt{x+1}=x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x>=-1\\\left(x+1\right)^2=x+1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+1\right)\cdot x=0\\x>=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{0;-1\right\}\)
c: \(\sqrt{x-1}=1-x\)
ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1>=0\\1-x< =0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
Do đó: x=1 là nghiệm của phương trình
d: \(2x+3+\dfrac{4}{x-1}=\dfrac{x^2+3}{x-1}\)(ĐKXĐ: x<>1)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+3\right)\left(x-1\right)+4=x^2+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-2x+3x-3+4-x^2-3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+x-2=0\)
=>(x+2)(x-1)=0
=>x=-2(nhận) hoặc x=1(loại)
a, ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge3\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-3}\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-3}=0\\x-1=0\\x-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\left(tm\right)\\x=1\left(l\right)\\x=2\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=3\)
b, ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge-1\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+1}\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x+1}=0\\x+1=0\\x-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\left(tm\right)\\x=2\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, ĐKXĐ: \(x>2\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{\sqrt{x-2}}=\frac{3-x}{\sqrt{x-2}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=3-x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{3}{2}\left(l\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\) Phương trình vô số nghiệm
d, ĐKXĐ: \(x>-1\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2-4}{\sqrt{x+1}}=\frac{x+3+x+1}{\sqrt{x+1}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-4=2x+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x-8=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4\left(tm\right)\\x=-2\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=4\)
a/ ĐKXĐ: ...
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(\sqrt{x}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}\right)=2\left(x+\frac{1}{4x}\right)-7\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}=a>0\Rightarrow a^2=x+\frac{1}{4x}+1\)
\(\Rightarrow x+\frac{1}{4x}=a^2-1\)
Pt trở thành:
\(3a=2\left(a^2-1\right)-7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2-3a-9=9\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=3\\a=-\frac{3}{2}\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x-6\sqrt{x}+1=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}=\frac{3+\sqrt{7}}{2}\Rightarrow x=\frac{8+3\sqrt{7}}{2}\)
b/ ĐKXĐ:
\(\Leftrightarrow5\left(\sqrt{x}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}\right)=2\left(x+\frac{1}{4x}\right)+4\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}=a>0\Rightarrow x+\frac{1}{4x}=a^2-1\)
\(\Rightarrow5a=2\left(a^2-1\right)+4\Leftrightarrow2a^2-5a+2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=2\\a=\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}=2\\\sqrt{x}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}=\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-4\sqrt{x}+1=0\\2x-\sqrt{x}+1=0\left(vn\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c/ ĐKXĐ: ...
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x^2+8x+5}-4\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{2x^2-4x+5}-2\sqrt{x}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2x^2-8x+5}{\sqrt{2x^2+8x+5}+4\sqrt{x}}+\frac{2x^2-8x+5}{\sqrt{2x^2-4x+5}+2\sqrt{x}}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x^2-8x+5\right)\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2x^2+8x+5}+4\sqrt{x}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2x^2-4x+5}+2\sqrt{x}}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-8x+5=0\)
d/ ĐKXĐ: ...
\(\Leftrightarrow x+1-\frac{15}{6}\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x^2-4x+1}-\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{x}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2-\frac{17}{4}x+1}{\left(x+1\right)^2+\frac{15}{6}\sqrt{x}}+\frac{x^2-\frac{17}{4}x+1}{\sqrt{x^2-4x+1}+\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{x}}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-\frac{17}{4}x+1\right)\left(\frac{1}{\left(x+1\right)^2+\frac{15}{6}\sqrt{x}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2-4x+1}+\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{x}}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-\frac{17}{4}x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2-17x+4=0\)
a, ĐK x\(\ge5\) Đặt \(\sqrt{x-5}=y\Rightarrow x=y^2+5\)
Phương tình đã cho trở thành:\(y^2+5+y=y+6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y^2-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y=-1;y=1\)
y=-1 loại vì \(\sqrt{x=5}\ge0\)
Ta có \(y=1\Rightarrow\sqrt{x-5}=1\Leftrightarrow x=6\)
b,làm tương tự câu a
c,ĐK:\(x\ge2\) Phương trình đã cho tương đương:\(\dfrac{x^2-8}{\sqrt{x-2}}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x_1=2\sqrt{2}\\x_2=-2\sqrt{2}\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy phương trình có nghiệm \(x=2\sqrt{2}\).
b) Đkxđ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1-x\ge0\\x-1\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\le1\\x\ge1\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow x=1\).
Thay x = 1 vào phương trình ta có:
\(\sqrt{1-1}+1=\sqrt{1-1}+2\)\(\Leftrightarrow1=2\) (vô lý).
Vậy phương trình vô nghiệm.
a/ ĐKXĐ: \(0\le x\le1\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{1-x}=a>0\Rightarrow2\sqrt{x-x^2}=a^2-1\)
\(\Rightarrow1+\frac{a^2-1}{2}=a\Leftrightarrow a^2-2a+1=0\Rightarrow a=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{1-x}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1+2\sqrt{x-x^2}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow x-x^2=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
b/ Đặt \(\sqrt{x+5}=a\ge0\Rightarrow a^2-x=5\)
\(x^2+a=a^2-x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-a\right)\left(x+a\right)+x+a=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+a\right)\left(x-a+1\right)=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=-x\\a=x+1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x+5}=-x\left(x\le0\right)\\\sqrt{x+5}=x+1\left(x\ge-1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+5=x^2\\x+5=x^2+2x+1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-x-5=0\\x^2+x-4=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{1+\sqrt{21}}{2}\left(l\right)\\x=\frac{1-\sqrt{21}}{2}\\x=\frac{-1+\sqrt{17}}{2}\\x=\frac{-1-\sqrt{17}}{2}\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)