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\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\\\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\dfrac{-11+\sqrt{73}}{6}\) ; \(\dfrac{-13-\sqrt{69}}{6}\)
1) \(\sqrt[]{9\left(x-1\right)}=21\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9\left(x-1\right)=21^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9\left(x-1\right)=441\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-1=49\Leftrightarrow x=50\)
2) \(\sqrt[]{1-x}+\sqrt[]{4-4x}-\dfrac{1}{3}\sqrt[]{16-16x}+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[]{1-x}+\sqrt[]{4\left(1-x\right)}-\dfrac{1}{3}\sqrt[]{16\left(1-x\right)}+5=0\)
\(\)\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[]{1-x}+2\sqrt[]{1-x}-\dfrac{4}{3}\sqrt[]{1-x}+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[]{1-x}\left(1+3-\dfrac{4}{3}\right)+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[]{1-x}.\dfrac{8}{3}=-5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[]{1-x}=-\dfrac{15}{8}\)
mà \(\sqrt[]{1-x}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow pt.vô.nghiệm\)
3) \(\sqrt[]{2x}-\sqrt[]{50}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[]{2x}=\sqrt[]{50}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x=50\Leftrightarrow x=25\)
1) \(\sqrt{9\left(x-1\right)}=21\) (ĐK: \(x\ge1\))
\(\Leftrightarrow3\sqrt{x-1}=21\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}=7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-1=49\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=49+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=50\left(tm\right)\)
2) \(\sqrt{1-x}+\sqrt{4-4x}-\dfrac{1}{3}\sqrt{16-16x}+5=0\) (ĐK: \(x\le1\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{1-x}+2\sqrt{1-x}-\dfrac{4}{3}\sqrt{1-x}+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{5}{3}\sqrt{1-x}+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{5}{3}\sqrt{1-x}=-5\) (vô lý)
Phương trình vô nghiệm
3) \(\sqrt{2x}-\sqrt{50}=0\) (ĐK: \(x\ge0\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x}=\sqrt{50}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x=50\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{50}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=25\left(tm\right)\)
4) \(\sqrt{4x^2+4x+1}=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(2x+1\right)^2}=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|2x+1\right|=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+1=6\left(ĐK:x\ge-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\\2x+1=-6\left(ĐK:x< -\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=5\\2x=-7\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5}{2}\left(tm\right)\\x=-\dfrac{7}{2}\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
5) \(\sqrt{\left(x-3\right)^2}=3-x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x-3\right|=3-x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-3=3-x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+x=3+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{6}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=3\)
\(\text{Δ}=\left(-\sqrt{2}+3\right)^2-4\cdot4\cdot\left(-3\sqrt{2}\right)\)
\(=11-6\sqrt{2}+48\sqrt{2}=37\sqrt{2}+11\)
=>Phương trình có hai nghiệm phân biệt là:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}-3-\sqrt{37\sqrt{2}+11}}{8}\\x=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}-3+\sqrt{37\sqrt{2}+11}}{8}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 1: ĐKXĐ: $2\leq x\leq 4$
PT $\Leftrightarrow (\sqrt{x-2}+\sqrt{4-x})^2=2$
$\Leftrightarrow 2+2\sqrt{(x-2)(4-x)}=2$
$\Leftrightarrow (x-2)(4-x)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow x-2=0$ hoặc $4-x=0$
$\Leftrightarrow x=2$ hoặc $x=4$ (tm)
Bài 2:
PT $\Leftrightarrow 4x^3(x-1)-3x^2(x-1)+6x(x-1)-4(x-1)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (x-1)(4x^3-3x^2+6x-4)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow x=1$ hoặc $4x^3-3x^2+6x-4=0$
Với $4x^3-3x^2+6x-4=0(*)$
Đặt $x=t+\frac{1}{4}$ thì pt $(*)$ trở thành:
$4t^3+\frac{21}{4}t-\frac{21}{8}=0$
Đặt $t=m-\frac{7}{16m}$ thì pt trở thành:
$4m^3-\frac{343}{1024m^3}-\frac{21}{8}=0$
$\Leftrightarrow 4096m^6-2688m^3-343=0$
Coi đây là pt bậc 2 ẩn $m^3$ và giải ta thu được \(m=\frac{\sqrt[3]{49}}{4}\) hoặc \(m=\frac{-\sqrt[3]{7}}{4}\)
Khi đó ta thu được \(x=\frac{1}{4}(1-\sqrt[3]{7}+\sqrt[3]{49})\)
\(ĐK:\orbr{\begin{cases}x\le1-\sqrt{2}\\1+\sqrt{2}\le x\le3\end{cases}}\)
\(\sqrt{2x^2-4x-2}+\left(x-1\right)^2\sqrt{12x-4}=\left(8-x\right)\sqrt{3-x}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x^2-4x-2}-\sqrt{3-x}+\left(2x^2-3x-5\right)\sqrt{3-x}=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2x^2-3x-5}{\sqrt{2x^2-4x-2}+\sqrt{3-x}}+\left(2x^2-3x-5\right)\sqrt{3-x}=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x^2-3x-5\right)\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2x^2-4x-2}+\sqrt{3-x}}+\sqrt{3-x}\right)=0\)(*)
Mà ta có thể thấy được: \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2x^2-4x-2}+\sqrt{3-x}}+\sqrt{3-x}>0\)nên từ phương trình (*) suy ra \(2x^2-3x-5=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(2x-5\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-1\\x=\frac{5}{2}\end{cases}}\)(t/m điều kiện)
Vậy phương trình có tập nghiệm \(S=\left\{-1;\frac{5}{2}\right\}\)
\(\left(\sqrt{x+3}-\sqrt{x+1}\right)\left(x^2+\sqrt{x^2+4x+3}\right)=2x\left(đk:x\ge0\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x+3}-\sqrt{x+1}\right)\left(\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{x+1}\right)\left(x^2+\sqrt{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+3\right)}\right)}{\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{x+1}}=2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(x+3-x-1\right)\left(x^2+\sqrt{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+3\right)}\right)}{\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{x+1}}=2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2+\sqrt{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+3\right)}}{\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{x+1}}=x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\sqrt{x+3}+x\sqrt{x+1}-x^2-\sqrt{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+3\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+3}\left(x-\sqrt{x+1}\right)-x\left(x-\sqrt{x+1}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\sqrt{x+1}\right)\left(\sqrt{x+3}-x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\sqrt{x+1}\\x=\sqrt{x+3}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-x-1=0\\x^2-x-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2}\left(tm\right)\\x=\dfrac{1-\sqrt{5}}{2}\left(ktm\right)\\x=\dfrac{1+\sqrt{13}}{2}\left(tm\right)\\x=\dfrac{1-\sqrt{13}}{2}\left(ktm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\hept{\begin{cases}x^2\left(y+3\right)\left(x-2\right)-\sqrt{2x+3}=0\left(1\right)\\4x-4\sqrt{\left(2x+3\right)}+x^3\sqrt{\left(y+3\right)^2}+9=0\left(2\right)\end{cases}}\)
Ta có:
\(\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow x^2|y+3|=\frac{4\sqrt{2x+3}-4x-9}{x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x^2\left(y+3\right)=\frac{4\sqrt{2x+3}-4x-9}{x}\left(3\right)\\x^2\left(y+3\right)=-\frac{4\sqrt{2x+3}-4x-9}{x}\left(4\right)\end{cases}}\)
Thế (3) vô (1) được
\(\frac{4\sqrt{2x+3}-4x-9}{x}.\left(x-2\right)-\sqrt{2x+3}=0\)
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{2x+3}=a\ge0\\x=\frac{a^2-3}{2}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(4a-2\left(a^2-3\right)-9\right)\left(\frac{a^2-3}{2}-2\right)-a\left(\frac{a^2-3}{2}\right)=0\)
Làm đến đây thì thấy nó phương trình bậc 4 thôi bỏ. Phương trình bậc 4 giải tốn công. Xem như 1 hướng đi.
Xem lại đề là \(\left(x-2\right)\)hay \(\left(x+2\right)\)nhé. Nghiệm xấu quá.
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge-8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\sqrt{3}\left(x^2+4x+2\right)=\sqrt{x+8}\) (với \(x^2+4x+2\ge0\))
\(\Rightarrow27\left(x^2+4x+2\right)^2=x+8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow27x^4+216x^3+540x^2+431x+100=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x^2+11x+4\right)\left(9x^2+39x+25\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x^2+11x+4=0\\9x^2+39x+25=0\end{matrix}\right.\)