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a.
\(x^2-3y^2+2xy-x+5y-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+3xy-2x\right)+\left(-3y^2-xy+2y\right)+x+3y-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+3y-2\right)-y\left(x+3y-2\right)+x+3y-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y+1\right)\left(x+3y-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=y-1\\x=2-3y\end{matrix}\right.\)
Thay lên pt đầu: \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left(y-1\right)^2+y^2+y-1+y=8\\\left(2-3y\right)^2+y^2+2-3y+y=8\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bạn tự giải nốt
b.
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x+5y=9-2xy\\4x+6y=20-2xy\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y=11\Rightarrow y=11-x\)
Thay vào pt đầu:
\(3x+5\left(11-x\right)=9-2x\left(11-x\right)\)
Bạn tự giải nốt
Giải hệ sau :
Câu a :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-1\\2x+y=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-1\\-x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-1\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-3\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy ...........................
Câu b :
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}=a\\\dfrac{1}{y}=b\end{matrix}\right.\) . Ta có :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=\dfrac{1}{5}\\3a+4b=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a+3b=\dfrac{3}{5}\\3a+4b=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-b=-\dfrac{7}{5}\\3a+4b=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b=\dfrac{7}{5}\\a=-\dfrac{6}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}=\dfrac{7}{5}\\\dfrac{1}{y}=-\dfrac{6}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5}{7}\\y=-\dfrac{5}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy..................
\(a,\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-y=4\\x+5y=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-y=4\\2x+10y=6\end{matrix}\right.\left\{{}\begin{matrix}11y=2\\2x+10y=6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{2}{11}\\2x+10.\dfrac{2}{11}=6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{2}{11}\\2x=\dfrac{46}{11}\end{matrix}\right.\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{2}{11}\\x=\dfrac{23}{11}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2-2xy-3y^2=0\\x^2+y^2+2x+3y=19\end{matrix}\right.\) giải PT \(x^2-2xy-3y^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2xy+y^2-4y^2=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2-4y^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y+2y\right)\left(x-y-2y\right)=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(x-3y\right)=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-y\\x=3y\end{matrix}\right.\)
+) Nếu x=-y Thay vào PT thứ 2 ta được
\(\left(-y\right)^2+y^2+2\left(-y\right)+3y=19\) \(\Leftrightarrow2y^2+y=19\) \(\Leftrightarrow2y^2+y-19=0\)
Đây là PT bậc 2 ẩn y nên\(\Delta=1^2+2.4.19=153>0\)
\(\Rightarrow\) PT có 2 nghiệm phân biệt \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=\frac{-1+3\sqrt{17}}{4}\Rightarrow x=\frac{1-3\sqrt{17}}{4}\\y=\frac{-1-3\sqrt{17}}{4}\Rightarrow x=\frac{1+3\sqrt{17}}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\) (thỏa mãn)
+) Nếu x=3y Thay vào PT thứ 2 ta được
\(\left(3y\right)^2+y^2+2.3y+3y=19\) \(\Leftrightarrow9y^2+y^2+6y+3y=19\)
\(\Leftrightarrow10y^2+9y=19\) \(\Leftrightarrow10y^2+9y-19=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(10y^2-10y\right)+\left(19y-19\right)=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow10y\left(y-1\right)+19\left(y-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(10y+19\right)\left(y-1\right)=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=1\Rightarrow x=3\\y=\frac{-19}{10}\Rightarrow x=\frac{-57}{10}\end{matrix}\right.\) (thỏa mãn)
Vậy HPT có 4 cặp nghiệm (x,y)là\(\left(\frac{1-3\sqrt{17}}{4};\frac{-1+3\sqrt{17}}{4}\right);\)\(\left(\frac{1+3\sqrt{17}}{4};\frac{-1-3\sqrt{17}}{4}\right)\);(3;1);
\(\left(\frac{-57}{10};\frac{-19}{10}\right)\)