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d: \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=1\\4x+3y=5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x+4y=4\\4x+3y=5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-1\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
1) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}=5\\2\sqrt{x}+3\sqrt{y}=18\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}9\sqrt{x}-3\sqrt{y}=15\\2\sqrt{x}+3\sqrt{y}=18\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}11\sqrt{x}=33\\3\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}=3\\\sqrt{y}=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=9\\y=16\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: Hệ phương trình có nghiệm duy nhất là \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=9\\y=16\end{matrix}\right.\)
2) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x+3}-2\sqrt{y+1}=2\\2\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{y+1}=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-2\sqrt{x+3}+4\sqrt{y+1}=-4\\2\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{y+1}=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5\sqrt{y+1}=0\\\sqrt{x+3}-2\sqrt{y+1}=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{y+1}=0\\\sqrt{x+3}=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y+1=0\\x+3=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-1\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: Hệ phương trình có nghiệm duy nhất là \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
4. Đk: \(x,y\ge0\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y+1}=1\\\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{x+1}=1\end{matrix}\right.\left(1\right)\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y+1}\ge0+1=1\\\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{x+1}\ge0+1=1\end{matrix}\right.\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right)\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}=0,\sqrt{x+1}=1\\\sqrt{y}=0,\sqrt{y+1}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)<tmđk>
Vậy hệ pt có nghiệm \(\left(x,y\right)=\left(0;0\right)\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x+2}{y-1}=\dfrac{x-4}{y+2}\\\dfrac{2x+3}{y-1}=\dfrac{4x+1}{2y+1}\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇔\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+2\right)\left(y+2\right)=\left(y-1\right)\left(x-\text{4}\right)\\\left(2x+3\right)\left(2y+1\right)=\left(y-1\right)\left(4x+1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇔\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}xy+2x+2y+4=xy-4y-x+4\\4xy+2x+6y+3=4xy-4x+y-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇔\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x+6y=0\\6x+5y=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇔\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{8}{7}\\y=\dfrac{4}{7}\end{matrix}\right.\)(TM)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5\left(x-y\right)-3\left(2x+3y\right)=12\\3\left(x+2y\right)-4\left(x+2y\right)=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇔\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x-5y-6x-9y=12\\3x+6y-4x-8y=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇔\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-x-14y=12\\-x-2y=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇔\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{26}{3}\\y=-\dfrac{7}{12}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy HPT có nghiệm (x;y) = (\(-\dfrac{26}{3};-\dfrac{7}{12}\))
Đặt \(x+y=a\) ; \(\sqrt{x+1}=b\)
Ta được hpt sau:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a+b=4\\a-3b=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\b=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x+1}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=3\)
\(\Rightarrow y=-2\)
a.
ĐKXĐ: \(x;y\ge-1;xy\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y-3=\sqrt{xy}\\x+y+2\sqrt{xy+x+y+1}=14\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=u\\xy=v\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) với \(u^2\ge4v\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u-3=\sqrt{v}\\u+2\sqrt{u+v+1}=14\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}v=u^2-6u+9\left(u\ge3\right)\\4\left(u+v+1\right)=\left(14-u\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}v=\left(u-3\right)^2\\4u+4\left(u^2-6u+9\right)+4=\left(14-u\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}v=\left(u-3\right)^2\\3u^2+8u-156=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}v=\left(u-3\right)^2\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}u=6\\u=-\dfrac{26}{3}\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=6\\v=9\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=6\\xy=9\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x=y=3\)
b.
ĐKXĐ: \(x;y\ge1\)
Xét \(\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{y-1}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y-2+2\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)}=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)}=\dfrac{11-x-y}{2}\)
Thế vào pt đầu:
\(x+y=5+\dfrac{11-x-y}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y=7\Rightarrow y=7-x\)
Thế xuống pt dưới:
\(\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{6-x}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5+2\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(6-x\right)}=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(6-x\right)=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow...\)
a: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{5}x-y=\sqrt{5}\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\\2\sqrt{3}x+3\sqrt{5}y=21\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2\sqrt{15}x-2\sqrt{3}\cdot y=2\sqrt{15}\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\\2\sqrt{15}x+15y=21\sqrt{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-2\sqrt{3}y-15y=2\sqrt{45}-2\sqrt{15}-21\sqrt{5}\\2\sqrt{3}x+3\sqrt{5}y=21\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y\left(-2\sqrt{3}-15\right)=-15\sqrt{5}-2\sqrt{15}\\2\sqrt{3}\cdot x+3\sqrt{5}\cdot y=21\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{15\sqrt{5}+2\sqrt{15}}{2\sqrt{3}+15}=\sqrt{5}\\2\sqrt{3}x+3\sqrt{5}\cdot y=21\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\sqrt{5}\\2\sqrt{3}x=21-3\sqrt{5}\cdot\sqrt{5}=21-15=6\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\sqrt{5}\\x=\dfrac{6}{2\sqrt{3}}=\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1,7x-2y=3,8\\2,1x+5y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}8,5x-10y=19\\4,2x+10y=0,8\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}8,5x-10y+4,2x+10y=19,8\\2,1x+5y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}12,7x=19,8\\2,1x+5y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{198}{127}\\5y=0,4-2,1x=-\dfrac{365}{127}\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{198}{127}\\y=-\dfrac{73}{127}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Lấy pt trên trừ 2 lần pt dưới:
\(\sqrt{x+1}+6\sqrt{x-1}=14\)
\(\Leftrightarrow37x-35+12\sqrt{x^2-1}=196\)
\(\Leftrightarrow231-37x=12\sqrt{x^2-1}\) (\(x\le\frac{231}{37}\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(231-37x\right)^2=144\left(x^2-1\right)\)
Bạn tự giải nốt, và chắc là bạn ghi đề ko đúng nên mới có 1 pt có hệ số kinh khủng thế này