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đa phần mình sử dụng phương pháp liên hợp nha bạn
\(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}=\dfrac{a-b}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}\)
b. điều kiện \(\dfrac{1}{4}\le x\le\dfrac{3}{8}\), pt:
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{3-8x}-\sqrt{4x-1}=6x-2\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3-8x-4x+1}{\sqrt{3-8x}+\sqrt{4x-1}}=2\left(3x-1\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{-4\left(3x-1\right)}{\sqrt{3-8x}+\sqrt{4x-1}}=2\left(3x-1\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow2\left(3x-1\right)+\dfrac{4\left(3x-1\right)}{\sqrt{3-8x}+\sqrt{4x-1}}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow2\left(3x-1\right)\left(1+\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{3-8x}+\sqrt{4x-1}}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(n\right)\\1+\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{3-8x}+\sqrt{4x-1}}=0\left(vn\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
d. điều kiện: \(x\le-4\cup x\ge0\), pt:
\(\Leftrightarrow1-\sqrt{x^2-3x+3}=\sqrt{2x^2+x+2}-\sqrt{x^2+4x}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1-x^2+3x-3}{1+\sqrt{x^2-3x+3}}=\dfrac{2x^2+x+2-x^2-4x}{\sqrt{2x^2+x+2}+\sqrt{x^2+4x}}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{-\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)}{1+\sqrt{x^2-3x+3}}=\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)}{\sqrt{2x^2+x+2}+\sqrt{x^2+4x}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\left(n\right)\\x=1\left(n\right)\\\dfrac{-1}{1+\sqrt{x^2-3x+3}}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2x^2+x+2}+\sqrt{x^2+4x}}\left(vn\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
e. điều kiện:x thuộc R
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2+15}-4=3x-3+\sqrt{x^2+8}-3\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2+15-16}{\sqrt{x^2+15}+4}=3\left(x-1\right)+\dfrac{x^2+8-9}{\sqrt{x^2+8}+3}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{\sqrt{x^2+15}+4}-3\left(x-1\right)-\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{\sqrt{x^2+8}+3}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)}{\sqrt{x^2+15}+4}-3-\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)}{\sqrt{x^2+8}+3}=0\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
(1) mình không biết có vô nghiệm không nữa và cũng thua luôn
f. điều kiện: \(x\ge-2\)
bài này giải cách hơi khác một chút
đặt \(a=\sqrt{x+5}\left(\ge0\right)\\ b=\sqrt{x+2}\left(\ge0\right)\)
pt:
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x+5}-\sqrt{x+2}\right)\left[\left(1+\sqrt{\left(x+5\right)\left(x+2\right)}\right)\right]\\ \Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(1+ab\right)=3\left(1\right)\)
mà \(a^2-b^2=x+5-x-2=3\\ \Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)=3\left(2\right)\)
=> (1) = (2)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(1+ab\right)=\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(1+ab-a-b\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a-1\right)\left(b-1\right)=0\)
TH1: a=b \(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+5}=\sqrt{x+2}\Leftrightarrow x+5=x+2\left(vn\right)\)
TH2: a=1\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+5}=1\Leftrightarrow x=-4\left(l\right)\)
TH3: b=1\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+2}=1\Leftrightarrow x=-1\left(n\right)\)
g. điều kiện: \(x\le-\sqrt{2}\cup x\ge\dfrac{7+\sqrt{37}}{2}\)
pt:
\(\dfrac{3x^2-7x+3-3x^2+5x+1}{\sqrt{3x^2-7x+2}+\sqrt{x^2-3x-4}}=\dfrac{x^2-2-x^2+3x-4}{\sqrt{3x^2-5x-1}+\sqrt{x^2-2}}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{-2\left(x-2\right)}{\sqrt{3x^2-7x+2}+\sqrt{x^2-3x-4}}=\dfrac{3\left(x-2\right)}{\sqrt{3x^2-5x-1}+\sqrt{x^2-2}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\left(n\right)\\\dfrac{-2}{\sqrt{3x^2-7x+2}+\sqrt{x^2-3x-4}}=\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{3x^2-5x-1}+\sqrt{x^2-2}}\left(vn\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)h. điều kiện \(x\le-2-\sqrt{7}\cup x\ge-2+\sqrt{7}\)
\(\sqrt{2x^2+x-1}-\sqrt{x^2+4x-3}=\sqrt{2x^2+4x-3}-\sqrt{3x^2+x-1}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x^2+x-1-x^2-4x+3}{\sqrt{2x^2+x-1}+\sqrt{x^2+4x-3}}=\dfrac{2x^2+4x-3-3x^2-x+1}{\sqrt{2x^2+4x-3}+\sqrt{3x^2+x-1}}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2-3x+2}{\sqrt{2x^2+x-1}+\sqrt{x^2+4x-3}}=\dfrac{-\left(x^2-3x+2\right)}{\sqrt{2x^2+4x-3}+\sqrt{3x^2+x-1}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-3x+2=0\Leftrightarrow x=1\left(n\right),x=2\left(n\right)\\\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2x^2+x-1}+\sqrt{x^2+4x-3}}=\dfrac{-1}{\sqrt{2x^2+4x-3}+\sqrt{3x^2+x-1}}\left(vn\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
(nhớ tích cho mình nha, mấy bài kia mình ko biết làm huhu)
a) \(\sqrt{x^2-3x+3}+\sqrt{x^2-3x+6}=3\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x^2-3x+3}=a;\sqrt{x^2-3x+6}=b\left(a;b>0\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=3\\b^2-a^2=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=3\\\left(b+a\right)\left(b-a\right)=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b+a=3\\b-a=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b=2\\a=1\end{matrix}\right.\) (nhận)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x^2-3x+3}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-3x+3=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\) (nhận)
b) \(\sqrt{3-x+x^2}-\sqrt{2+x-x^2}=1\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{3-x+x^2}=a;\sqrt{2+x-x^2}=b\left(a;b>0\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b=1\\a^2+b^2=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=b+1\\\left(b^2+2b+1\right)+b^2-5=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=b+1\\2\left(b-1\right)\left(b+2\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2\\b=1\end{matrix}\right.\) (vì \(b+2>0\)) (nhận)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{2+x-x^2}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2+x-x^2=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2}\\x=\dfrac{1-\sqrt{5}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) (nhận)
d) \(5\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{5}{2\sqrt{x}}=2x+\dfrac{1}{2x}+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x+\dfrac{1}{4x}\right)+4=5\left(\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left[\left(\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}\right)^2-1\right]-5\left(\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}\right)+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}\right)^2-5\left(\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}\right)+2=0\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}=a\left(a\ge\sqrt{2}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2a^2-5a+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2\right)\left(2a-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=2\left(\text{nhận}\right)\\a=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\text{loại}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x-4\sqrt{x}+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}=\dfrac{2+\sqrt{2}}{2}\\\sqrt{x}=\dfrac{2-\sqrt{2}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) (nhận)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{3+2\sqrt{2}}{2}\\x=\dfrac{3-2\sqrt{2}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) (nhận)
a) \(\dfrac{3x^2+1}{\sqrt{x-1}}=\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{x-1}}\)
ĐKXĐ: \(x>1\)
\(3x^2+1=4\)
\(3x^2=3\)
\(x^2=1\)
\(x=\pm1\)
=> Pt vô nghiệm
b) ĐKXĐ: x>-4
\(x^2+3x+4=x+4\)
\(x^2+2x=0\)
\(x\left(x+2\right)=0\)
\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x+2=0\Leftrightarrow x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
a)
Pt\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-4=\left(x-3\right)^2\\x-3\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-4=x^2-6x+9\\x\ge3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2-9x+13=0\\x\ge3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}x_1=\dfrac{9+\sqrt{29}}{2}\\x_2=\dfrac{9-\sqrt{29}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\\x\ge3\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{9+\sqrt{29}}{2}\)
Vậy \(x=\dfrac{9+\sqrt{29}}{2}\) là nghiệm của phương trình.
b) Pt \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2-2x+3=\left(2x-1\right)^2\\2x-1\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x^2-2x-2=0\\x\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}x_1=\dfrac{1+\sqrt{7}}{3}\\x_2=\dfrac{1-\sqrt{7}}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\\x\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1+\sqrt{7}}{3}\)
Vậy phương trình có duy nhất nghiệm là: \(x=\dfrac{1+\sqrt{7}}{3}\)
a) \(\sqrt{1+x}-\sqrt{8-x}+\sqrt{\left(1+x\right)\left(8-x\right)}=3\)
đặt t \(=\sqrt{1+x}-\sqrt{8-x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow t^2=1+x-2\sqrt{\left(1+x\right)\left(8-x\right)}+8-x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(1+x\right)\left(8-x\right)}=\dfrac{9-t^2}{2}\)
pt \(\Rightarrow t+\dfrac{9-t^2}{2}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow t^2-2t-3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=-1\\t=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{1+x}-\sqrt{8-x}=-1\\\sqrt{1+x}-\sqrt{8+x}=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
suy ra tìm đc x
a)\(ĐK:-3\le x\le6\)
\(PT\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{6-x}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+3+6-x+2\sqrt{\left(x+3\right)\left(6-x\right)}=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x+3\right)\left(6-x\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\x=6\end{matrix}\right.\left(tm\right)\)
b/ ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge7\)
\(\sqrt{3x-2}=1+\sqrt{x-7}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x-2=x-6+2\sqrt{x-7}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+2=\sqrt{x-7}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+4x+4=x-7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+3x+11=0\) (vô nghiệm)
c/ ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge1;x\ne50\)
\(1-\sqrt{3x+1}=\sqrt{x-1}-7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{3x+1}=8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x+2\sqrt{3x^2-2x-1}=64\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{3x^2-2x-1}=32-2x\) (\(x\le16\))
\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2-2x-1=\left(32-2x\right)^2\)
Câu a đề bài có vấn đề
b/ \(\Leftrightarrow x^2+3-\left(3x+1\right)\sqrt{x^2+3}+2x\left(x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+3-2x\sqrt{x^2+3}-\left(x+1\right)\sqrt{x^2+3}+2x\left(x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2+3}\left(\sqrt{x^2+3}-2x\right)-\left(x+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x^2+3}-2x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x^2+3}-x-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x^2+3}-2x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x^2+3}=x+1\left(x\ge-1\right)\\\sqrt{x^2+3}=2x\left(x\ge0\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2+3=x^2+2x+1\\x^2+3=4x^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=1\\x=-1\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy pt có nghiệm duy nhất \(x=1\)
c/ Đặt \(\sqrt{x^2+11}=a>0\Rightarrow x^2=a^2-11\)
\(a^2-11+a=31\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+a-42=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=6\\a=-7\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x^2+11}=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2=25\Rightarrow x=\pm5\)
d/ ĐKXĐ: ...
\(\Leftrightarrow-x^2-3x+10=3\sqrt{x^2+3x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+3x+3\sqrt{x^2+3x}-10=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x^2+3x}=2\\\sqrt{x^2+3x}=-5\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+3x-4=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)
a/ ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x+1-\left(x-\sqrt{2x-1}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2x+1\right)\left(1-\frac{1}{x+\sqrt{2x-1}}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x+\sqrt{2x-1}=1\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-1}=1-x\) (\(x\le1\))
\(\Leftrightarrow2x-1=x^2-2x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-4x+2=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2+\sqrt{2}\left(l\right)\\x=2-\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b/ Nhìn cái mẫu đã nản rồi, bỏ qua :(
c/ ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge\frac{2}{3}\)
\(\sqrt{3x-2}-1+\sqrt[3]{x}-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{3\left(x-1\right)}{\sqrt{3x-2}+1}+\frac{x-1}{\sqrt[3]{x^2}+\sqrt[3]{x}+1}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(\frac{3}{\sqrt{3x-2}+1}+\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{x^2}+\sqrt[3]{x}+1}\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=1\)
c/ \(\Leftrightarrow3\sqrt[3]{x}-3+\sqrt{x^2+8}-3=\sqrt{x^2+15}-4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{3\left(x-1\right)}{\sqrt[3]{x^2}+\sqrt[3]{x}+1}+\frac{x^2-1}{\sqrt{x^2+8}+3}=\frac{x^2-1}{\sqrt{x^2+15}+4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(\frac{3}{\sqrt[3]{x^2}+\sqrt[3]{x}+1}+\frac{x+1}{\sqrt{x^2+8}+3}-\frac{x+1}{\sqrt{x^2+15}+4}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
Cái ngoặc to kia luôn dương, nhưng chứng minh chắc hơi mệt