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1.
a/ ĐKXĐ: \(-1\le x\le5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+3}\le\sqrt{5-x}+\sqrt{x+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+3\le6+2\sqrt{\left(5-x\right)\left(x+1\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-3\le2\sqrt{-x^2+4x+5}\)
- Với \(x< 3\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}VT< 0\\VP\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) BPT luôn đúng
- Với \(x\ge3\) cả 2 vế ko âm, bình phương:
\(x^2-6x+9\le-4x^2+16x+20\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x^2-22x-11\le0\) \(\Rightarrow\frac{11-4\sqrt{11}}{5}\le x\le\frac{11+4\sqrt{11}}{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow3\le x\le\frac{11+4\sqrt{11}}{5}\)
Vậy nghiệm của BPT đã cho là \(-1\le x\le\frac{11+4\sqrt{11}}{5}\)
1b/
Đặt \(\sqrt{2x^2+8x+12}=t\ge2\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+4x=\frac{t^2}{2}-6\)
BPT trở thành:
\(\frac{t^2}{2}-12\ge t\Leftrightarrow t^2-2t-24\ge0\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t\le-4\left(l\right)\\t\ge6\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{2x^2+8x+12}\ge6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+8x-24\ge0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\le-6\\x\ge2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Giải các phương trình và hệ phương trình:
a) x2 - \(2\sqrt{5}\)x + 5 = 0
Ta có: x2 - \(2\sqrt{5}\)x + 5 = 0 <=> ( x = \(\sqrt{5}\) )2 = 0 <=> x - \(\sqrt{5}\) = 0 <=> x = \(\sqrt{5}\)
Vậy phương trình đã cho có tập nghiệm S = ( \(\sqrt{5}\) )
c) \(\begin{cases}2x+5y=-1\\3x-2y=8\end{cases}\) <=> \(\begin{cases}6x+15y=-3\\6x-4y=16\end{cases}\) <=> \(\begin{cases}19y=-19\\3x-2y=8\end{cases}\) <=> \(\begin{cases}y=-1\\3x-2.\left(-1\right)=8\end{cases}\) <=> \(\begin{cases}y=-1\\x=2\end{cases}\)
Vậy hệ phương trình có 1 nghiệm duy nhất (x ; y) = (2 ; -1)
a/ ĐKXĐ: \(0\le x\le1\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{1-x}=a>0\Rightarrow\sqrt{x-x^2}=\frac{a^2-1}{2}\)
Ta được:
\(1+\frac{a^2-1}{3}=a\Leftrightarrow a^2-3a+2=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\a=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{1-x}=1\\\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{1-x}=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x\left(1-x\right)}=0\\2\sqrt{x-x^2}=3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\left(1-x\right)=0\\-4x^2+4x-9=0\left(vn\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
b/ ĐKXĐ: ...
Đặt \(\sqrt{x+5}=a\ge0\Rightarrow a^2-x=5\)
\(x^2+a=a^2-x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-a^2+a+x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+x\right)\left(x-a+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=-x\\a=x+1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x+5}=-x\left(x\le0\right)\\\sqrt{x+5}=x+1\left(x\ge-1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+5=x^2\left(x\le0\right)\\x+5=x^2+2x+1\left(x\ge-1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow...\)
c/ ĐKXĐ: \(2\le x\le5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{3x-3}=\sqrt{2x-4}+\sqrt{5-x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x-3=x+1+2\sqrt{\left(2x-4\right)\left(5-x\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-2=\sqrt{\left(2x-4\right)\left(5-x\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2=\left(2x-4\right)\left(5-x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(3x-12\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) \(\left(x-4\right)\left(x-5\right)\left(x-6\right)\left(x-7\right)=1680\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-4\right)\left(x-7\right)\left(x-5\right)\left(x-6\right)=1680\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-11x+28\right)\left(x^2-11x+30\right)=1680\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-11x+29-1\right)\left(x^2-11x+29+1\right)=1680\\ \)
Đặt \(x^2-11x+29=t\), ta đc \(\left(t-1\right)\left(t+1\right)=1680\\ \Leftrightarrow t^2-1=1680\Leftrightarrow t^2=1681\Leftrightarrow t=\pm41\)
Với \(t=41\Leftrightarrow x^2-11x+28=40\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=12\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Với \(t=-41\Leftrightarrow x^2-11x+30=-40\)(vô no)
Vậy.....
c) \(x^4-7x^3+14x^2-7x+1=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-7x+14-\frac{7}{x}+\frac{1}{x^2}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}\right)-7\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)+14=0\)
Đặt \(x+\frac{1}{x}=t\Rightarrow x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}=t^2-2\)
Ta đc \(t^2-2-7t+14=0\Leftrightarrow t^2-7t+12=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=4\\t=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
B tự giải tiếp nha
a/ ĐKXĐ: ...
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(\sqrt{x}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}\right)=2\left(x+\frac{1}{4x}\right)-7\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}=a>0\Rightarrow a^2=x+\frac{1}{4x}+1\)
\(\Rightarrow x+\frac{1}{4x}=a^2-1\)
Pt trở thành:
\(3a=2\left(a^2-1\right)-7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2-3a-9=9\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=3\\a=-\frac{3}{2}\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x-6\sqrt{x}+1=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}=\frac{3+\sqrt{7}}{2}\Rightarrow x=\frac{8+3\sqrt{7}}{2}\)
b/ ĐKXĐ:
\(\Leftrightarrow5\left(\sqrt{x}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}\right)=2\left(x+\frac{1}{4x}\right)+4\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}=a>0\Rightarrow x+\frac{1}{4x}=a^2-1\)
\(\Rightarrow5a=2\left(a^2-1\right)+4\Leftrightarrow2a^2-5a+2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=2\\a=\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}=2\\\sqrt{x}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}=\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-4\sqrt{x}+1=0\\2x-\sqrt{x}+1=0\left(vn\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c/ ĐKXĐ: ...
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x^2+8x+5}-4\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{2x^2-4x+5}-2\sqrt{x}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2x^2-8x+5}{\sqrt{2x^2+8x+5}+4\sqrt{x}}+\frac{2x^2-8x+5}{\sqrt{2x^2-4x+5}+2\sqrt{x}}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x^2-8x+5\right)\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2x^2+8x+5}+4\sqrt{x}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2x^2-4x+5}+2\sqrt{x}}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-8x+5=0\)
d/ ĐKXĐ: ...
\(\Leftrightarrow x+1-\frac{15}{6}\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x^2-4x+1}-\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{x}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2-\frac{17}{4}x+1}{\left(x+1\right)^2+\frac{15}{6}\sqrt{x}}+\frac{x^2-\frac{17}{4}x+1}{\sqrt{x^2-4x+1}+\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{x}}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-\frac{17}{4}x+1\right)\left(\frac{1}{\left(x+1\right)^2+\frac{15}{6}\sqrt{x}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2-4x+1}+\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{x}}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-\frac{17}{4}x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2-17x+4=0\)
a/ \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+2=2x-4\\x+2=4-2x\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=6\\x=\frac{2}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b/ Do \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|2x+5\right|\ge0\\\left|2x^2-7x+5\right|\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Nên dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+5=0\\2x^2-7x+5=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) pt vô nghiệm (nếu dấu của 7x là dương thì pt có nghiệm \(x=-\frac{5}{2}\))
c/ ĐKXĐ: \(x\le2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2-x+3\sqrt{2-x}+4=2\sqrt{2-x}+6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2-x+\sqrt{2-x}-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{2-x}=1\\\sqrt{2-x}=-2\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x=1\)