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*Công thức: Biến đổi x theo y và ngc lại và dùng các quy tắc.
a)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{2}x-\sqrt{3}y=1\\x+\sqrt{3}y=\sqrt{2}\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Cộng 2 pt ta đc: x=1
Thay vào (1):\(\Leftrightarrow y=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{3}}=\frac{\sqrt{6}}{3}\)
Vậy (x;y)\(=\left(1;\frac{\sqrt{6}}{3}\right)\)
Những câu sau làm ttự.
#Walker
ủa nhưng khi thay x,y vào phương trình đầu tiên thì kết quả không bằng 1 ?
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a)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)x+y=\sqrt{2}-1\\2x-\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)y=2\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)-\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)x\\2x-\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)y=2\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)-\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)x\\2x-\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)\left(\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)-\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)x\right)=2\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)-\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)x\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)-\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right).1\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-2\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy hệ phương trình có tập nghiệm {1;-2}
b)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{3}x-y=1\\5x+\sqrt{2}y=\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\sqrt{3}x-1\\5x+\sqrt{2}y=\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\sqrt{3}x-1\\5x+\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{3}x-1\right)=\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\sqrt{3}x-1\\x=\frac{3\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{2}}{19}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\sqrt{3}.\left(\frac{3\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{2}}{19}\right)-1\\x=\frac{3\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{2}}{19}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\frac{-10+2\sqrt{6}}{19}\\x=\frac{3\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{2}}{19}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{3\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{2}}{19}\\y=\frac{-10+2\sqrt{6}}{19}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy hệ phương trình có tập nghiệm \(\left\{\frac{3\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{2}}{19};\frac{-10+2\sqrt{6}}{19}\right\}\)
c)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+y=5\\3x-2y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x+2y=10\\3x-2y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}7x=13\\4x+2y=10\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{13}{7}\\4.\frac{13}{7}+2y=10\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{13}{7}\\y=\frac{9}{7}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy hệ phương trình có tập nghiệm \(\left\{\frac{13}{7};\frac{9}{7}\right\}\)
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Nam tính tiếp câu b để tìm ra nghiệm của bài toán nhé.
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a. ĐK: \(x\ge1;y\ge1\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x-1}=a\left(a\ge0\right)\) và \(\sqrt{y-1}=b\left(b\ge0\right)\)
Khí đó hệ phương trình trở thành:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a-b=1\\a+b=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b=2a-1\\a+2a-1=2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b=2.1-1\\a=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b=1\\a=1\end{matrix}\right.\)(tm)
* a = 1 \(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}=1\Leftrightarrow x-1=1\Leftrightarrow x=2\)(tmđk)
* b = 1 \(\sqrt{y-1}=1\Leftrightarrow y-1=1\Leftrightarrow y=2\) (tmđk)
Vậy nghiệm của hệ phương trình là (2;2)
b. Đặt \(\left(x-1\right)^2=a\) ( a \(\ge\) 0)
Khi đó hệ phương trình đã cho trở thành :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-2y=2\\3a+3y=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2+2y\\3\left(2+2y\right)+3y=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2+2.\left(-\dfrac{5}{9}\right)\\y=-\dfrac{5}{9}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{8}{9}\\y=-\dfrac{5}{9}\end{matrix}\right.\)(tmđk)
* a = \(\dfrac{8}{9}\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left(x-1\right)^2=\dfrac{8}{9}=\left(\pm\dfrac{2\sqrt{2}}{3}\right)^2\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2\sqrt{2}}{3}+1\\x=-\dfrac{2\sqrt{2}}{3}+1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy nghiệm của hệ phương trình là \(\left(\dfrac{2\sqrt{2}}{3};-\dfrac{5}{9}\right);\left(\dfrac{-2\sqrt{2}}{3};-\dfrac{5}{9}\right)\)
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\(e,\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(\frac{x}{y}\right)^3+\left(\frac{x}{y}\right)^2=12\\\left(xy\right)^2+xy=6\end{matrix}\right.\left(x;y\ne0\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{x}{y}=2\\xy\in\left\{2;-3\right\}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vì \(\frac{x}{y}=2>0\Rightarrow xy>0\Rightarrow xy=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{x}{y}=2\\xy=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2y\\2y^2=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\left(h\right)\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(a,\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{x}{y}=3\\x+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{x}{y}=3\end{matrix}\right.\left(x;y\ne0\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+\frac{1}{y}\right)^2-\frac{x}{y}=3\\\left(x+\frac{1}{y}\right)+\frac{x}{y}=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\frac{1}{y}=a\\\frac{x}{y}=b\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2-b=3\\a+b=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Làm nốt nha
a)
Từ phương trình (2) ⇔ x = √2 - y√3 (3)
Thế (3) vào (1): ( √2 - y√3)√2 - y√3 = 1
⇔ √3y(√2 + 1) = 1 ⇔ y =
= 
Từ đó x = √2 -
. √3 = 1.
Vậy có nghiệm (x; y) = (1;
)
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Từ phương trình (2) ⇔ y = 1 - √10 - x√2 (3)
Thế (3) vào (1): x - 2√2(1 - √10 - x√2) = √5
⇔ 5x = 2√2 - 3√5 ⇔ x =
Từ đó y = 1 - √10 -
. √2 = 
Vậy hệ có nghiệm (x; y) =
;
c)
Từ phương trình (2) ⇔ x = 1 - (√2 + 1)y (3)
Thế (3) vào (1): (√2 - 1)[1 - (√2 + 1)y] - y = √2 ⇔ -2y = 1 ⇔ y = -
Từ đó x = 1 - (√2 + 1)(-
) = 
Vậy hệ có nghiệm (x; y) = (
; -
)