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\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{-x^2-2x+1}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-1\right)}>=0\)
=>\(\dfrac{x^2+2x-1}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-1\right)}< =0\)
TH1: x^2+2x-1>=0 và (x+2)(x-1)<0
=>-2<x<1 và \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x< =-1-\sqrt{2}\\x>=-1+\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(-1+\sqrt{2}< =x< 1\)
TH2: x^2+2x-1<=0 và (x+2)(x-1)>0
=>(x>1 hoặc x<-2) và \(-1-\sqrt{2}< =x< =-1+\sqrt{2}\)
=>\(-1-\sqrt{2}< =x< -2\)
1) \(ĐK:x\ne2\)
Nếu \(x>2\)
BPT ⇔ \(x^2-2x+5-\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\ge0\) ⇔ \(x^2-2x+5-\left(x^2-3x+3\right)\ge0\)
⇔\(x+2\ge0\) ⇔\(x\ge-2\) ⇒ Lấy \(x\ge2\)
Nếu \(x< 2\)
BPT ⇔\(\dfrac{-\left(x^2-2x+5\right)}{x-2}-x+1\ge0\) ⇔\(-x^2+2x-5-\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\ge0\)
⇔\(-x^2+2x-5-x^2+3x-2\ge0\)
⇔\(-2x^2+5x-7\ge0\)
⇔\(x^2-\dfrac{5}{2}x+\dfrac{7}{2}\le0\)
⇔\(\left(x-\dfrac{5}{4}\right)^2\le\dfrac{11}{4}\)
⇔\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-\dfrac{5}{4}\le\dfrac{11}{4}\\x-\dfrac{5}{4}\le\dfrac{-11}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇔\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\le4\\x\le\dfrac{-3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇔ \(x\le\dfrac{-3}{2}\)
S= [2;+∞)U(-∞;\(\dfrac{-3}{2}\)]
2) \(ĐK:x\ne-1\)
Nếu \(x>-1\)
BPT ⇔ \(2x-3-2\left(x+1\right)< 0\) ⇔\(2x-3-2x-2< 0\)
⇔\(-5< 0\) ( luôn đúng với mọi \(x>-1\))
Nếu \(x< -1\)
BPT⇔\(\dfrac{-\left(2x-3\right)}{x+1}-2< 0\) ⇔\(-\left(2x-3\right)-2\left(x+1\right)< 0\) ⇔\(-4x+1< 0\) ⇔ \(x>\dfrac{-1}{4}\)
Vậy S=....
ĐK: \(x\ge2\)
\(\dfrac{\sqrt{x^2+1}-\sqrt{x+1}}{x^2+\sqrt{3x-6}}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2+1}-\sqrt{x+1}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2+1}\ge\sqrt{x+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1\ge0\\x^2+1\ge x+1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge-1\\x^2-x\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}-1\le x\le0\\x\ge1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Kết hợp điều kiện xác định ta được \(x\ge2\)
a. TH1:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+3x-4< 0\\3-2x>0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}x< 1\\x>-4\end{matrix}\right.\\x>\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH2:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+3x-4>0\\3-2x< 0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}x>1\\x< -4\end{matrix}\right.\\x< \dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy nghiệm của BPT:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}x< 1\\x>-4\end{matrix}\right.\\x>\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}x>1\\x< -4\end{matrix}\right.\\x< \dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
1.
ĐK: \(x\ne7;x\ne-1;x\ne3\)
\(\dfrac{2x-5}{x^2-6x-7}\le\dfrac{1}{x-3}\left(1\right)\)
TH1: \(x< -1\)
\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-5\right)\left(x-3\right)\ge x^2-6x-7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-11x+15\ge x^2-6x-7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-5x+22\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) Bất phương trình đúng với mọi \(x< -1\)
TH2: \(-1< x< 3\)
\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\left(3-x\right)\left(2x-5\right)\ge\left(7-x\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2x^2+11x-15\ge-x^2+6x+7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-x^2+5x-22\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\) vô nghiệm
TH3: \(3< x< 7\)
Khi đó \(\dfrac{2x-5}{x^2-6x-7}\le0\); \(\dfrac{1}{x-3}>0\)
\(\Rightarrow\) Bất phương trình đúng với mọi \(3< x< 7\)
TH4: \(x>7\)
\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-5\right)\left(x-3\right)\le x^2-6x-7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-11x+15\le x^2-6x-7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-5x+22\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow\) vô nghiệm
Vậy ...
Các bài kia tương tự, chứ giải ra mệt lắm.
\(\Rightarrow3-3x+x^2+2x-15\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2-x-12\ge0\)
Vì \(f\left(x\right)=x^2-x-12\) có 2 nghiệm pb \(x_1=4;x_2=-3\) và \(a=1>0\)
Bảng xét dấu :
\(x\) | \(-\infty\) \(-3\) \(4\) \(+\infty\) |
\(f\left(x\right)\) | \(+0-0+\) |
Vậy bpt có tập nghiệm \(S=\left(-\infty;-3\right)\cup\left(4;+\infty\right)\)
\(\dfrac{2x-1}{x+1}-2< 0.\left(x\ne-1\right).\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x-1-2x-2}{x+1}< 0.\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{-3}{x+1}< 0.\)
Mà \(-3< 0.\)
\(\Rightarrow x+1>0.\Leftrightarrow x>-1\left(TMĐK\right).\)
\(\dfrac{x^2-2x+5}{x-2}-x+1\ge0.\left(x\ne2\right).\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2-2x+5-x^2+2x+x-2}{x-2}\ge0.\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+3}{x-2}\ge0.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+3\ge0.\\x-2\ge0.\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+3\le0.\\x-2\le0.\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge-3.\\x\ge2.\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\le-3.\\x\le2.\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\ge2.\\x\le-3.\end{matrix}\right.\)
Kết hợp ĐKXĐ.
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x>2.\\x\le-3.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\dfrac{\left(1+2x\right)\left(x-2\right)}{\left(2x+3\right)\left(1-x\right)}\le0.\left(x\ne1;x\ne\dfrac{-3}{2}\right).\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{\left(1+2x\right)\left(x-2\right)}{\left(2x+3\right)\left(1-x\right)}=f\left(x\right).\)
Ta có bảng sau:
\(x\) | \(-\infty\) \(-\dfrac{3}{2}\) \(-\dfrac{1}{2}\) \(1\) \(2\) \(+\infty\) |
\(1+2x\) | - | - 0 + | + | + |
\(x-2\) | - | - | - | - 0 + |
\(2x+3\) | - 0 + | + | + | + |
\(1-x\) | + | + | + 0 - | - |
\(f\left(x\right)\) | - || + 0 - || + 0 - |
Vậy \(f\left(x\right)\ge0.\Leftrightarrow x\in\left(\dfrac{-3}{2};\dfrac{-1}{2}\right)\cup\)(1;2].
ĐK: \(x\ne\dfrac{1\pm\sqrt{5}}{2}\)
TH1: \(x^2-x-1>0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x>\dfrac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2}\\x< \dfrac{1-\sqrt{5}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\dfrac{\left|x^2-x\right|-2}{x^2-x-1}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x^2-x\right|-2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x^2-x\right|\ge2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\left|x^2-x\right|\right)^2\ge4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4-2x^3+x^2-4\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+1\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\ge2\\x\le-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH2: \(x^2-x-1< 0\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1-\sqrt{5}}{2}< x< \dfrac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{\left|x^2-x\right|-2}{x^2-x-1}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x^2-x\right|\le2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+2\right)\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+1\right)\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-1\le x\le2\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1-\sqrt{5}}{2}< x< \dfrac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2}\)
Vậy \(S=[2;+\infty)\cup(-\infty;-1]\cup\left(\dfrac{1-\sqrt{5}}{2};\dfrac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2}\right)\)