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ĐKXD: x, y > 0.
\(Pt_{\left(1\right)}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{y+\sqrt{x}}{x}=\dfrac{2\left(y+\sqrt{x}\right)}{y}\Leftrightarrow\left(y+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{2}{y}\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow y=2x\), thế vào Pt(2): \(2x\left(\sqrt{x^2+1}-1\right)=\sqrt{3x^2+3}\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x^2+1}=a\) thì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x\left(a-1\right)=\sqrt{3}a\\a^2-x^2=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Giải ra ta được \(\left(a-2\right)\left(4a^3-3a+2\right)=0\) nhưng vì \(a\ge1\) nên a=2
Do đó \(x=\pm\sqrt{3}\). Vậy (x, y)=...
+) Bài bất đẳng thức:
\(\dfrac{2017a-a^2}{bc}=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)a-a^2}{bc}=\dfrac{ab+ca}{bc}=\dfrac{a}{c}+\dfrac{a}{b}\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2017b-b^2}{ca}=\dfrac{b}{a}+\dfrac{b}{c}\left(2\right)\\\dfrac{2017c-c^2}{ab}=\dfrac{c}{a}+\dfrac{c}{b}\left(3\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)+\left(3\right)\Rightarrow\dfrac{2017a-a^2}{bc}+\dfrac{2017b-b^2}{bc}+\dfrac{2017c-c^2}{ab}=\dfrac{a+b}{c}+\dfrac{b+c}{a}+\dfrac{c+a}{b}\)
\(\sqrt{2}\left(\sum\sqrt{\dfrac{2017-a}{a}}\right)=\sqrt{2}\left(\sum\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)-a}{a}}\right)=\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{\dfrac{b+c}{a}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{c+a}{b}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{a+b}{2}}\right)\)
Bất đẳng thức cần chứng minh tương đương với:
\(\dfrac{a+b}{c}+\dfrac{b+c}{a}+\dfrac{c+a}{b}\ge\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{\dfrac{a+b}{c}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{b+c}{a}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{c+a}{b}}\right)\)
*Có: \(\sqrt{2.\dfrac{a+b}{c}}+\sqrt{2.\dfrac{b+c}{a}}+\sqrt{2.\dfrac{c+a}{b}}\le\dfrac{2+\dfrac{a+b}{c}}{2}+\dfrac{2+\dfrac{b+c}{a}}{2}+\dfrac{2+\dfrac{c+a}{b}}{2}=3+\dfrac{\dfrac{a+b}{c}+\dfrac{b+c}{a}+\dfrac{c+a}{b}}{2}\)
Ta chỉ cần chứng minh:
\(\dfrac{a+b}{c}+\dfrac{b+c}{a}+\dfrac{c+a}{b}\ge3+\dfrac{\dfrac{a+b}{c}+\dfrac{b+c}{a}+\dfrac{c+a}{b}}{2}\)
hay \(\dfrac{a+b}{c}+\dfrac{b+c}{a}+\dfrac{c+a}{b}\ge6\) (cái này chị tự chứng minh nhé)
Tương tự, ta được:
\(\left(2-y\right)\left(2-z\right)>=\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)^2}{4}\)
và \(\left(2-z\right)\left(2-x\right)>=\left(\dfrac{y+1}{2}\right)^2\)
=>8(2-x)(2-y)(2-z)>=(x+1)(y+1)(z+1)
(x+yz)(y+zx)<=(x+y+yz+xz)^2/4=(x+y)^2*(z+1)^2/4<=(x^2+y^2)(z+1)^2/4
Tương tự, ta cũng co:
\(\left(y+xz\right)\left(z+y\right)< =\dfrac{\left(y^2+z^2\right)\left(x+1\right)^2}{2}\)
và \(\left(z+xy\right)\left(x+yz\right)< =\dfrac{\left(z^2+x^2\right)\left(y+1\right)^2}{2}\)
Do đó, ta được:
\(\left(x+yz\right)\left(y+zx\right)\left(z+xy\right)< =\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)\left(z+1\right)\)
=>ĐPCM
\(1)\sqrt{x^2+1}< 3.\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2+1< 9.\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2< 8.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x< 2\sqrt{2}.\\x>-2\sqrt{2}.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2\sqrt{2}< x< 2\sqrt{2}.\)
\(2)\dfrac{x^2-4x+3}{x^2-4}< 0.\)
Đặt \(f\left(x\right)=\dfrac{x^2-4x+3}{x^2-4}.\)
\(x^2-4=0.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2.\\x=-2.\end{matrix}\right.\\ x^2-4x+3=0.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3.\\x=1.\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bảng xét dấu:
\(\Rightarrow f\left(x\right)< 0\Leftrightarrow x\in\left(-2;1\right)\cup\left(2;3\right).\)
Lời giải:
1.
$\sqrt{x^2+1}<3$
$\Leftrightarrow 0\leq x^2+1<9$
$\Leftrightarrow x^2+1<9$
$\Leftrightarrow x^2<8$
$\Leftrightarrow -2\sqrt{2}< x< 2\sqrt{2}$
2.
Xét 2 TH:
TH1: \(\left\{\begin{matrix} x^2-4x+3<0\\ x^2-4>0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} (x-1)(x-3)<0\\ (x-2)(x+2)>0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} 1< x< 3\\ x>2 \text{hoặc} x<-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 2< x<3\)
TH2: \(\left\{\begin{matrix} x^2-4x+3>0\\ x^2-4<0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} (x-1)(x-3)>0\\ (x-2)(x+2)<0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x>3 \text{hoặc} x<1\\ -2< x< 2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow -2< x< 1\)
Kết hợp 2 TH suy ra tập nghiệm \(S=(2;3)\cup (-2;1)\)
Viết nhầm biến thôi :v. Sửa''ss
\(\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}+\dfrac{x+y}{2}\ge x\sqrt{y}+y\sqrt{x}\)
Ta có: \(VT\ge\dfrac{4xy}{4}+\dfrac{x}{2}+\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{xy}{2}+\dfrac{xy}{2}+\dfrac{x}{2}+\dfrac{y}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow VT\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{xy}{2}.\dfrac{x}{2}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{xy}{2}.\dfrac{y}{2}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow VT\ge x\sqrt{y}+y\sqrt{x}\)(đpcm)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=y=1\\x=y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
sai đề rồi