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a) \(\lim \frac{{2{n^2} + 6n + 1}}{{8{n^2} + 5}} = \lim \frac{{{n^2}\left( {2 + \frac{6}{n} + \frac{1}{{{n^2}}}} \right)}}{{{n^2}\left( {8 + \frac{5}{{{n^2}}}} \right)}} = \lim \frac{{2 + \frac{6}{n} + \frac{1}{n}}}{{8 + \frac{5}{n}}} = \frac{2}{8} = \frac{1}{4}\)
b) \(\lim \frac{{4{n^2} - 3n + 1}}{{ - 3{n^3} + 6{n^2} - 2}} = \lim \frac{{{n^3}\left( {\frac{4}{n} - \frac{3}{{{n^2}}} + \frac{1}{{{n^3}}}} \right)}}{{{n^3}\left( { - 3 + \frac{6}{n} - \frac{2}{{{n^3}}}} \right)}} = \lim \frac{{\frac{4}{n} - \frac{3}{{{n^2}}} + \frac{1}{{{n^3}}}}}{{ - 3 + \frac{6}{n} - \frac{2}{{{n^3}}}}} = \frac{{0 - 0 + 0}}{{ - 3 + 0 - 0}} = 0\).
c) \(\lim \frac{{\sqrt {4{n^2} - n + 3} }}{{8n - 5}} = \lim \frac{{n\sqrt {4 - \frac{1}{n} + \frac{3}{{{n^2}}}} }}{{n\left( {8 - \frac{5}{n}} \right)}} = \frac{{\sqrt {4 - 0 + 0} }}{{8 - 0}} = \frac{2}{8} = \frac{1}{4}\).
d) \(\lim \left( {4 - \frac{{{2^{{\rm{n}} + 1}}}}{{{3^{\rm{n}}}}}} \right) = \lim \left( {4 - 2 \cdot {{\left( {\frac{2}{3}} \right)}^{\rm{n}}}} \right) = 4 - 2.0 = 4\).
e) \(\lim \frac{{{{4.5}^{\rm{n}}} + {2^{{\rm{n}} + 2}}}}{{{{6.5}^{\rm{n}}}}} = \lim \frac{{{{4.5}^{\rm{n}}} + {2^2}{{.2}^{\rm{n}}}}}{{{{6.5}^{\rm{n}}}}} = \lim \frac{{{5^n}.\left[ {4 + 4.{{\left( {\frac{2}{5}} \right)}^{\rm{n}}}} \right]}}{{{{6.5}^n}}} = \lim \frac{{4 + 4.{{\left( {\frac{2}{5}} \right)}^{\rm{n}}}}}{6} = \frac{{4 + 4.0}}{6} = \frac{2}{3}\).
g) \(\lim \frac{{2 + \frac{4}{{{n^3}}}}}{{{6^{\rm{n}}}}} = \lim \left( {2 + \frac{4}{{{{\rm{n}}^3}}}} \right).\lim {\left( {\frac{1}{6}} \right)^{\rm{n}}} = \left( {2 + 0} \right).0 = 0\).
a/ \(=\lim\limits\dfrac{\sqrt{\dfrac{n}{n}+\dfrac{1}{n}}}{\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{n}{n}}}=1\)
b/ \(1+2+...+n=\dfrac{n\left(n+1\right)}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\lim\limits\dfrac{n\left(n+1\right)}{2n^2+4}=\lim\limits\dfrac{\dfrac{n^2}{n^2}+\dfrac{n}{n^2}}{\dfrac{2n^2}{n^2}+\dfrac{4}{n^2}}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
c/ \(=\lim\limits\dfrac{n^2+n+1-n^2}{\sqrt{n^2+n+1}+n}=\lim\limits\dfrac{n+1}{\sqrt{n^2+n+1}+n}=\lim\limits\dfrac{\dfrac{n}{n}+\dfrac{1}{n}}{\sqrt{\dfrac{n^2}{n^2}+\dfrac{n}{n^2}+\dfrac{1}{n^2}}+\dfrac{n}{n}}=\dfrac{1}{1+1}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
d/ \(=\lim\limits\left[\sqrt{n}\left(\sqrt{3-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}}-\sqrt{2-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}}\right)\right]=\lim\limits\left[\sqrt{n}\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\right)\right]=+\infty\)
e/ \(=\lim\limits\dfrac{n^3+2n^2-n-n^3}{\left(\sqrt[3]{n^3+2n^2}\right)^2+n.\sqrt[3]{n^3+2n^2}+n^2}=\lim\limits\dfrac{2n^2-n}{\left(n^3+2n^2\right)^{\dfrac{2}{3}}+n.\left(n^3+2n^2\right)^{\dfrac{1}{3}}+n^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{1+1+1}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
g/ \(=\lim\limits\dfrac{2^n+9.3^n}{4.3^n+8.2^n}=\lim\limits\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{2}{3}\right)^n+9.\left(\dfrac{3}{3}\right)^n}{4.\left(\dfrac{3}{3}\right)^n+8.\left(\dfrac{2}{3}\right)^n}=\dfrac{9}{4}\)
a/ \(=lim\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}}=\frac{1}{\infty}=0\)
b/ \(=lim\frac{6n+1}{\sqrt{n^2+5n+1}+\sqrt{n^2-n}}=\frac{6+\frac{1}{n}}{\sqrt{1+\frac{5}{n}+\frac{1}{n^2}}+\sqrt{1-\frac{1}{n}}}=\frac{6}{1+1}=3\)
c/ \(=lim\frac{6n-9}{\sqrt{3n^2+2n-1}+\sqrt{3n^2-4n+8}}=lim\frac{6-\frac{9}{n}}{\sqrt{3+\frac{2}{n}-\frac{1}{n^2}}+\sqrt{3-\frac{4}{n}+\frac{8}{n^2}}}=\frac{6}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{3}}=\sqrt{3}\)
d/ \(=lim\frac{\left(\frac{2}{6}\right)^n+1-4\left(\frac{4}{6}\right)^n}{\left(\frac{3}{6}\right)^n+6}=\frac{1}{6}\)
e/ \(=lim\frac{\left(\frac{3}{5}\right)^n-\left(\frac{4}{5}\right)^n+1}{\left(\frac{3}{5}\right)^n+\left(\frac{4}{5}\right)^n-1}=\frac{1}{-1}=-1\)
f/ Ta có công thức:
\(1+3+...+\left(2n+1\right)^2=\left(n+1\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow lim\frac{1+3+...+2n+1}{3n^2+4}=lim\frac{\left(n+1\right)^2}{3n^2+4}=lim\frac{\left(1+\frac{1}{n}\right)^2}{3+\frac{4}{n^2}}=\frac{1}{3}\)
g/ \(=lim\left(\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1}\right)=lim\left(1-\frac{1}{n+1}\right)=1-0=1\)
h/ Ta có: \(1^2+2^2+...+n^2=\frac{n\left(n+1\right)\left(2n+1\right)}{6}\)
\(\Rightarrow lim\frac{n\left(n+1\right)\left(2n+1\right)}{6n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}=lim\frac{2n+1}{6n+12}=lim\frac{2+\frac{1}{n}}{6+\frac{12}{n}}=\frac{2}{6}=\frac{1}{3}\)
\(a=lim\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{2}{6}\right)^n+1-\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{4}{6}\right)^n}{\left(\dfrac{3}{6}\right)^n+6}=\dfrac{1}{6}\)
\(b=\lim\dfrac{\left(n+1\right)^2}{3n^2+4}=\lim\dfrac{n^2+2n+1}{3n^2+4}=\lim\dfrac{1+\dfrac{2}{n}+\dfrac{1}{n^2}}{3+\dfrac{4}{n^2}}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(c=\lim\dfrac{n\left(n+1\right)}{2\left(n^2-3\right)}=\lim\dfrac{n^2+n}{2n^2-6}=\lim\dfrac{1+\dfrac{1}{n}}{2-\dfrac{6}{n^2}}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(d=\lim\left[1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{n}-\dfrac{1}{n+1}\right]=\lim\left[1-\dfrac{1}{n+1}\right]=1\)
\(e=\lim\dfrac{1}{2}\left[1-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{5}+...+\dfrac{1}{2n-1}-\dfrac{1}{2n+1}\right]\)
\(=\lim\dfrac{1}{2}\left[1-\dfrac{1}{2n+1}\right]=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(a=\lim4^n\left(1-\left(\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^n\right)=+\infty.1=+\infty\)
\(b=\lim\left(4^n+2.2^n+1-4^n\right)=\lim2^n\left(2+\dfrac{1}{2^n}\right)=+\infty.2=+\infty\)
\(c=limn^3\left(\sqrt{\dfrac{2}{n}-\dfrac{3}{n^4}+\dfrac{11}{n^6}}-1\right)=+\infty.\left(-1\right)=-\infty\)
\(d=\lim n\left(\sqrt{2+\dfrac{1}{n^2}}-\sqrt{3-\dfrac{1}{n^2}}\right)=+\infty\left(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}\right)=-\infty\)
\(e=\lim\dfrac{3n\sqrt{n}+1}{\sqrt{n^2+3n\sqrt{n}+1}+n}=\lim\dfrac{3\sqrt{n}+\dfrac{1}{n}}{\sqrt{1+\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{n}}+\dfrac{1}{n^2}}+1}=\dfrac{+\infty}{2}=+\infty\)
\(a=\lim\sqrt{n^3}\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{n^3}+\dfrac{2}{n^2}-1}=\infty.\left(-1\right)=-\infty\)
\(b=\lim\left(\sqrt{n^2+2n+3}-n+n-\sqrt[3]{n^2+n^3}\right)\)
\(=\lim\dfrac{2n+3}{\sqrt{n^2+2n+3}+n}+\lim\dfrac{-n^2}{n^2+n\sqrt[3]{n^2+n^3}+\sqrt[3]{\left(n^2+n^3\right)^2}}\)
\(=\lim\dfrac{2+\dfrac{3}{n}}{\sqrt{1+\dfrac{2}{n}+\dfrac{3}{n^2}}+1}+\lim\dfrac{-1}{1+\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{n}+1}+\sqrt[3]{\left(\dfrac{1}{n}+1\right)^2}}=\dfrac{2}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(c=\lim\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{n}}+\dfrac{1}{n}\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}+\dfrac{3}{n}\right)}{\left(1+\dfrac{1}{n}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{2}{n}\right)}=\dfrac{0.0}{1.1}=0\)
\(d=\lim\dfrac{4-3\left(\dfrac{2}{4}\right)^n}{9.\left(\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^n+\left(\dfrac{2}{4}\right)^n}=\dfrac{4}{0}=+\infty\)
\(e=\lim\dfrac{7-25\left(\dfrac{5}{7}\right)^n+3.\left(\dfrac{1}{7}\right)^n}{12.\left(\dfrac{6}{7}\right)^n-\left(\dfrac{3}{7}\right)^n+3\left(\dfrac{1}{7}\right)^n}=\dfrac{7}{0}=+\infty\)
\(f=\lim\dfrac{n^4-4n^6}{n\left(\sqrt{n^4+1}+\sqrt{4n^6+1}\right)}=\lim\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{n^2}-6}{\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{n^6}+\dfrac{1}{n^{10}}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{4}{n^4}+\dfrac{1}{n^{10}}}}=\dfrac{-6}{0}=-\infty\)
\(a=\lim\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{n}+\dfrac{1}{n^2}}{1+\dfrac{2}{n}}=\dfrac{0}{1}=0\)
\(b=\lim n^3\left(-2+\dfrac{1}{n}+\dfrac{2}{n^3}\right)=+\infty.\left(-2\right)=-\infty\)
\(c=\lim\dfrac{\sqrt{9-\dfrac{1}{n}-\dfrac{1}{n^2}}}{4-\dfrac{2}{n}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{9}}{4}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(d=\lim\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^n+5}{1+\left(\dfrac{2}{4}\right)^n}=\dfrac{5}{1}=5\)