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a, \(\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{4};\frac{y}{3}=\frac{z}{5}\Rightarrow\frac{x}{9}=\frac{y}{12}=\frac{z}{20}\)
Theo tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau
\(\frac{x}{9}=\frac{y}{12}=\frac{z}{20}=\frac{2x-3y+z}{18-36+20}=\frac{6}{2}=3\Rightarrow x=27;y=36;z=60\)
b, \(\frac{2x}{3}=\frac{3y}{4}=\frac{4z}{5}\Rightarrow\frac{x}{\frac{3}{2}}=\frac{y}{\frac{4}{3}}=\frac{z}{\frac{5}{4}}\)
Theo tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau
\(\frac{x}{\frac{3}{2}}=\frac{y}{\frac{4}{3}}=\frac{z}{\frac{5}{4}}=\frac{x+y+z}{\frac{3}{2}+\frac{4}{3}+\frac{5}{4}}=\frac{49}{\frac{49}{12}}=12\)
\(\Rightarrow x=18;y=24;z=30\)
c, \(\frac{x-1}{2}=\frac{y-2}{3}=\frac{z-4}{4}\Rightarrow\frac{2x-2}{4}=\frac{3y-6}{9}=\frac{z-4}{4}\)
Theo tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau
\(\frac{2x-2}{4}=\frac{3y-6}{9}=\frac{z-4}{4}=\frac{2x+3y-z-2-6+4}{4+9-4}=\frac{46}{9}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{101}{9};y=\frac{52}{3};z=\frac{220}{9}\)
d, Đặt \(x=2k;y=3k;z=5k\Rightarrow xyz=810\Rightarrow30k^3=810\)
\(\Leftrightarrow k^3=27\Leftrightarrow k=3\)Với k = 3 thì \(x=6;y=9;z=15\)
\(\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{4}\Rightarrow\frac{x}{9}=\frac{y}{12}\left(1\right)\\ \frac{y}{3}=\frac{z}{5}\Rightarrow\frac{y}{12}=\frac{z}{15}\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1);(2) Suy ra \(\frac{x}{9}=\frac{y}{12}=\frac{z}{15}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tĩ số bằng nhau:
\(\frac{x}{9}=\frac{y}{12}=\frac{z}{15}=\frac{2x}{18}=\frac{3y}{36}=\frac{z}{15}=\frac{2x-3y+z}{18-36+15}=\frac{6}{-3}=-2\)
Suy ra
x = (-2) . 9 = -18
y = (-2) . 12 = -24
z = (-2) . 15 = -30
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỷ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\frac{x}{10}=\frac{y}{6}=\frac{z}{21}=\frac{5x}{50}=\frac{y}{6}=\frac{2z}{42}=\frac{5x+y-2z}{50+6-42}=\frac{28}{14}=2\)
Suy ra
x = 2 . 10 = 20
y = 2 . 6 = 12
z = 2 . 21 = 42
\(a,\frac{2x}{3}=\frac{2y}{4}=\frac{4z}{5}\)và x + y + z = 49
Ta có : \(\frac{2x}{3}=\frac{2y}{4}=\frac{4z}{5}=\frac{x}{\frac{3}{2}}=\frac{y}{\frac{4}{2}}=\frac{z}{\frac{5}{4}}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có :
\(\frac{x}{\frac{3}{2}}=\frac{y}{\frac{4}{2}}=\frac{z}{\frac{5}{4}}=\frac{x+y+z}{\frac{3}{2}+\frac{4}{2}+\frac{5}{4}}=\frac{49}{\frac{19}{4}}=49\cdot\frac{4}{19}=\frac{196}{19}\)
Vậy : \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{x}{\frac{3}{2}}=\frac{196}{19}\\\frac{y}{\frac{4}{2}}=\frac{196}{19}\\\frac{z}{\frac{5}{4}}=\frac{169}{14}\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{294}{19}\\y=\frac{392}{19}\\z=\frac{245}{19}\end{cases}}\)
\(b,\frac{x}{y}=\frac{3}{4};\frac{y}{z}=\frac{5}{7}\)và 2x + 3y - z = 186
Ta có : \(\frac{x}{y}=\frac{3}{4};\frac{y}{z}=\frac{5}{7}\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{4};\frac{y}{5}=\frac{z}{7}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{15}=\frac{y}{20};\frac{y}{20}=\frac{z}{28}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{15}=\frac{y}{20}=\frac{z}{28}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2x}{30}=\frac{3y}{60}=\frac{z}{28}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có :
\(\frac{2x}{30}=\frac{3y}{60}=\frac{z}{28}=\frac{2x+3y-z}{30+60-28}=\frac{186}{62}=3\)
Vậy : \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{x}{15}=3\\\frac{y}{20}=3\\\frac{z}{28}=3\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=45\\y=60\\z=84\end{cases}}\)
1, \(\frac{x}{2}=\frac{2y}{3}=\frac{3z}{4}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{\frac{3}{2}}=\frac{z}{\frac{4}{3}}=k\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2k\\y=\frac{3}{2}k\\z=\frac{4}{3}k\end{cases}}\)
Mà xyz = -108
\(\Leftrightarrow2k.\frac{3}{2}k.\frac{4}{3}k=-108\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4k^3=-108\)
<=> k3 = -27
<=> k = -3
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2k=2.-3=-6\\y=\frac{3}{2}k=\frac{3}{2}.\left(-3\right)=\frac{-9}{2}\\z=\frac{4}{3}k=\frac{4}{3}.\left(-3\right)=-4\end{cases}}\)
2, \(\frac{x}{5}=\frac{y}{7}=\frac{z}{8}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2x}{10}=\frac{3y}{21}=\frac{4z}{32}\)
Áp dụng t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:
\(\frac{2x}{10}=\frac{3y}{21}=\frac{4z}{32}=\frac{2x+3y-4z}{10+21-32}=\frac{15}{-1}=-15\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{x}{5}=-15\\\frac{y}{7}=-15\\\frac{z}{8}=-15\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-75\\y=-105\\z=-120\end{cases}}\)
3, 3x = 5y \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{5}=\frac{y}{3}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{55}=\frac{y}{33}\)
2y = 11z \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{y}{11}=\frac{z}{2}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{y}{33}=\frac{z}{6}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{55}=\frac{y}{33}=\frac{z}{6}\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{2x}{110}=\frac{5y}{165}=\frac{z}{6}\)
Áp dụng t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:
\(\frac{2x}{110}=\frac{5y}{165}=\frac{z}{6}=\frac{2x+5y-z}{110+165-6}=\frac{34}{269}\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{x}{55}=\frac{34}{269}\\\frac{y}{33}=\frac{34}{269}\\\frac{z}{6}=\frac{34}{269}\end{cases}\Rightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1870}{269}\\y=\frac{1122}{269}\\z=\frac{204}{269}\end{cases}}\)
4, \(\frac{x}{3}=\frac{2}{y}=\frac{z}{4}=k\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=3k\\y=\frac{2}{k}\\z=4k\end{cases}}\)
Mà xyz = 240
<=> 3k . 2/k . 4k = 240
<=> 24k = 240
<=> k = 10
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=3k=3.10=30\\y=\frac{2}{k}=\frac{2}{10}=\frac{1}{5}\\z=4k=4.10=40\end{cases}}\)
a) Đặt 2x - 1 / 5 = 3y + 2 / 4 = 4z - 3 / 5 = k
=> 2x = 5k + 1; 3y = 4k - 2; 4z = 5k + 3
=> 2x - 3y + 4z = 5k + 1 - 4k - 2 + 5k + 3 = 6k + 2 = 9
=> 6k = 9 - 2 = 7
=> k = 7 : 6 = 7/6
2x =5k
a/
\(\frac{x}{10}=\frac{y}{6}=\frac{z}{21}=\frac{5x}{50}=\frac{y}{6}=\frac{2z}{42}\)\(=\frac{5x+y-2z}{50+6-42}=\frac{28}{14}=2\)\(\Rightarrow x=20;y=12;z=42\)
b/\(3x=2y\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{3};7y=5z\Leftrightarrow\frac{y}{5}=\frac{z}{7}\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{10}=\frac{y}{15}=\frac{z}{21}=\frac{x-y+z}{10-15+20}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow x=20;y=30;z=42\)
Đặt \(\frac{x}{5}=\frac{y}{-4}=\frac{z}{6}=k\)
=> x=5k ; y=-4k ; z=6k
=> xyz=5k.(-4k).6k=-120k^3
15=-120k^3
k^3=-1/8
k=-1/2
Từ \(\frac{x}{5}=-\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow x=-\frac{5}{2}\)
\(\frac{y}{-4}=-\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow y=2\)
\(\frac{z}{6}=-\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow z=-3\)
Vậy 2x+y-z=-5/2 x 2 + 2 -(-3)=0
2x + y - z = -6 .