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Bài 2:
\(A=x^2+4y^2-2x+10-4xy-4y\)
\(=\left(x^2+4xy+4y^2\right)-2\left(x+2y\right)+10\)
\(=\left(x+2y\right)^2-2\left(x+2y\right)+10\)
Thay x + 2y = 5 vào biểu thức A ta được: \(A=5^2-2.5+10=25\)
\(B=\left(x^2+4xy+4y^2\right)-2\left(x+2y\right)\left(y-1\right)+y^2-2y+1\)
\(=x^2+4xy+4y^2-2xy+2x-4y^2+4y+y^2-2y+1\)
\(=x^2+2xy+y^2+2x+2y+1\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^2+2\left(x+y\right)+1\)
Thay x + y = 5 vào biểu thức B ta được: \(B=5^2+2.5+1=25+10+1=36\)
\(C=x^2-y^2-4x=\left(x^2-4x+4\right)-y^2-4\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)^2-y^2-4\) \(=\left(x-y-2\right)\left(x-2+y\right)-4\)
Thay x + y = 2 vào C ta được: \(C=\left(x-2-y\right)\left(2-2\right)-4=0-4=-4\)
\(D=x^2+y^2+2xy-4x-4y-3\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^2-4\left(x+y\right)-3\) Thay x + y = 4 vào D ta được:
\(D=4^2-4.4-3=16-16-3=-3\)
Bài 3:
a) \(N=-9x^2+12x-5=-\left(9x^2-12x+4\right)-1\)
\(=-\left(3x-2\right)^2-1\)
Do \(\left(3x-2\right)^2\ge0\) nên \(-\left(3x-2\right)^2-1< 0\)
Vậy N < 0
b) ghi đề cẩn thận lại đi, mk k hiểu
\(\text{a) }\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+y\right)-\left(x^2-y\right)\left(x-2\right)-x\left(x+2y\right)+3\left(y-5\right)\)
\(=\left(x^3+xy-x^2-y\right)-\left(x^3-2x^2-xy+2y\right)-\left(x^2+2xy\right)+\left(3y-15\right)\)
\(=x^3+xy-x^2-y-x^3+2x^2+xy-2y-x^2-2xy+3y-15\)
\(=\left(x^3+x^3\right)+\left(-x^2+2x^2-x^2\right)+\left(xy+xy-2xy\right)+\left(-y-2y+3y\right)-15\)
\(=0+0+0+0-15\)
\(=-15\)
\(\text{b) }6\left(x^3y+x-3\right)-6x\left(2xy^3+1\right)-3x^2y\left(2x-4y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(6x^3y+6x-18\right)-\left(12x^2y^3+6x\right)-\left(6x^3y-12x^2y^3\right)\)
\(=6x^3y+6x-18-12x^2y^3-6x-6x^3y+12x^2y^3\)
\(=\left(6x^3y-6x^3y\right)+\left(6x-6x\right)+\left(-12x^2y^3+12x^2y^3\right)-18\)
\(=0+0+0-18\)
\(=-18\)
\(\text{c) }\left(x^2+2xy+4y^2\right)\left(x-2y\right)-6\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{4}{3}y^3\right)\)
\(=\left(x^3-2x^2y+2x^2y-4xy^2+4xy^2-8y^3\right)-\left(3-8y^3\right)\)
\(=\left(x^3-8y^3\right)-\left(3-8y^3\right)\)
\(=x^3-8y^3-3+8y^3\)
\(=x^3-3\)
a) x2+y2-4x+4y+8=0
⇔ (x-2)2+(y+2)2=0
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\y+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)5x2-4xy+y2=0
⇔ x2+(2x-y)2=0
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\2x-y=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
c)x2+2y2+z2-2xy-2y-4z+5=0
⇔ (x-y)2+(y-1)2+(z-2)2=0
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=0\\y-1=0\\z-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y=1\\z=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
b: Ta có: \(5x^2-4xy+y^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-\dfrac{4}{5}xy+y^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{2}{5}y+\dfrac{4}{25}y^2+\dfrac{21}{25}y^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\dfrac{2}{5}y\right)^2+\dfrac{21}{25}y^2=0\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
E = (3x+y)3 - (x+2y)(x2 - 2xy + 4y2)
E= (3x+y)3 - (x+2y)[ x2 + 2xy + (2y)2]
E= (3x+y)3 -(x3 + 8y3)
Thay x = 1 ;y =5 vào E ta được:
E = (3.1 + 5)3 -(13 + 8.53)
E= 83 - (1 + 8.125)
E= 512 - 1001
E= -489
Vậy E = -489