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\(n_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{25.4}{127}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{5.4}{18}=0.3\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe_xO_y+yH_2\underrightarrow{t^0}xFe+yH_2O\)
...........................\(x\) ..........\(y\)
...........................\(0.2\) ......\(0.3\)
\(\Rightarrow0.3x=0.2y\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{0.2}{0.3}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(CT:Fe_2O_3\)
\(m_{Fe_2O_3}=0.2\cdot2\cdot160=64\left(g\right)\)
Oxit kim loại : RO
\(RO + 2HNO_3 \to R(NO_3)_2 + H_2O\)
Theo PTHH :
\(n_{RO} = n_{R(NO_3)_2}\\ \Rightarrow \dfrac{2}{R+16} = \dfrac{4,7}{R+62.2} \Rightarrow R = 64(Cu)\)
Oxit cần tìm :CuO
\(CT:Fe_xO_y\)
\(Fe_xO_y+yH_2\underrightarrow{^{t^o}}xFe+yH_2O\left(1\right)\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\left(2\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=\dfrac{4.032}{22.4}=0.18\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=\dfrac{y}{x}\cdot n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5.376}{22.4}=0.24\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{y}{x}\cdot0.18=0.24\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(CT:Fe_3O_4\)
\(m_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{0.18}{3}\cdot232=13.92\left(g\right)\)
Oxit sắt : FexOy
\(CO_2 + Ca(OH)_2 \to CaCO_3 + H_2O\\ n_{CO_2} = n_{CaCO_3} =\dfrac{22,5}{100} = 0,225(mol)\\ Fe_xO_y + yCO \xrightarrow{t^o} xFe + yCO_2\\ n_{oxit} = \dfrac{n_{CO_2}}{y} = \dfrac{0,225}{y}(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \dfrac{0,225}{y}(56x + 16y) = 12\\ \Rightarrow \dfrac{x}{y} = \dfrac{2}{3}\)
Vậy CTHH của oxit : Fe2O3
PTHH : \(Fe_3O_4+4H_2\rightarrow3Fe+4H_2O\)
.............0,05........0,2.......0,15.........
Có : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_3O_4}=0,075\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
- Theo phương pháp ba dòng .
=> Sau phản ứng H2 hết, Fe3O4 còn dư ( dư 0,025 mol )
=> \(m=m_{Fe3o4du}+m_{Fe}=14,2\left(g\right)\)
b, \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
...0,15.....0,3.........0,15..............
\(Fe_3O_4+8HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+FeCl_2+4H_2O\)
.0,025......0,2..........0,05.........0,025...................
Có : \(V=\dfrac{n}{C_M}=\dfrac{n}{1}=n_{HCl}=0,2+0,3=0,5\left(l\right)\)
Lại có : \(m_M=m_{FeCl2}+m_{FeCl3}=30,35\left(g\right)\)
\(nZn=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)
1 1 1 1 (mol)
0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 (mol)
\(VH_2=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\rightarrow2Fe+3H_2O\)
1 3 2 3 (mol)
0,2 2/15 (mol)
\(mFe=\dfrac{2}{15}.56=7,47\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,672}{22,4}=0,03\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow y=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe_xO_y+yH_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)xFe+yH_2O\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,448}{22,4}=0,02mol\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,02 0,02 ( mol )
\(\Rightarrow x=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{0,02}{0,03}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow CTHH:Fe_2O_3\)
\(n_{H_2\left(thu\right)}=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=\dfrac{0,448}{22,4}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
1 : 1 (mol)
0,02 : 0,02 (mol)
\(n_{H_2\left(dùng\right)}=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=\dfrac{0,672}{22,4}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
\(yH_2+Fe_xO_y\rightarrow^{t^0}xFe+yH_2O\)
y : x (mol)
0,03 : 0,02 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{0,03}{y}=\dfrac{0,02}{x}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{0,02}{0,03}=\dfrac{2}{3}\Rightarrow x=2;y=3\)
-Vậy CTHH của oxit sắt là Fe2O3.
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,032}{22,4}=0,18\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + H2SO4 ---> FeSO4 + H2
0,18 <------------------------ 0,18
\(\rightarrow n_O=\dfrac{13,92-0,18.56}{16}=0,24\left(mol\right)\)
CTHH: FexOy
=> x : y = 0,18 : 0,24 = 3 : 4
CTHH Fe3O4
\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{5,4}{18}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Bảo toàn O: \(n_{O\left(oxit\right)}=n_{H_2O}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{25,4}{127}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl ---> FeCl2 + H2
0,2 <-------------- 0,2
CTHH của oxit FexOy
=> x : y = 0,2 : 0,3 = 2 : 3
CTHH Fe2O3