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\(a) 4P + 5O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2P_2O_5\\ b) n_P = \dfrac{12,4}{31} = 0,4(mol)\\ n_{O_2} = \dfrac{5}{4}n_P = 0,5(mol)\\ V_{O_2} = 0,5.11,2 = 11,2(lít)\\\ c) 2KClO_3 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2KCl + 3O_2\\ n_{KClO_3} = \dfrac{2}{3}n_{O_2} = \dfrac{1}{3}(mol)\\ m_{KClO_3}= \dfrac{1}{3}.122,5 = 40,83(gam)\)
\(n_P=\dfrac{12.4}{31}=0.4\left(mol\right)\)
\(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}2P_2O_5\)
\(0.4........0.5\)
\(V_{O_2}=0.5\cdot22.4=11.2\left(l\right)\)
\(2KClO_3\underrightarrow{t^0}2KCl+3O_2\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3}.................0.5\)
\(m_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}\cdot122.5=40.83\left(g\right)\)
a)
PTHH: 3Fe + 2O2 ____\(t^o\)____> Fe3O4 (1)
b) Ta có: nFe = \(\dfrac{25.2}{56}=0.45\left(mol\right)\)
Theo (1): n\(O_2\)= \(\dfrac{2}{3}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{3}0.45=0.3\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=0.3\cdot22.4=6.72\left(l\right)\)
c) PTHH: 2KClO3 __\(t^o\)___> 2KCl + 3O2 (2)
-Muốn điều chế được lượng oxi dùng cho phản ứng trên thì \(n_{O_2\left(2\right)}=n_{O_2\left(1\right)}=0.3\left(mol\right)\)
Theo (2) \(n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2}{3}0.3=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{KClO_3}=0.2\cdot122.5=24.5\left(g\right)\)
a, \(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2P_2O_5\)
b, \(n_P=\dfrac{12,4}{31}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{P_2O_5}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_P=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{P_2O_5}=0,2.142=28,4\left(g\right)\)
c, \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{5}{4}n_P=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,5.22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\)
d, \(2KClO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}.122,5=\dfrac{245}{6}\left(g\right)\)
a) $n_{Al} = \dfrac{5,4}{27} = 0,2(mol)$
$4Al + 3O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Al_2O_3$
Theo PTHH : $n_{O_2} = \dfrac{3}{4}n_{Al} = 0,15(mol)$
$V_{O_2} = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36(lít)$
b) $2 KClO_3 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2KCl + 3O_2$
$n_{KClO_3} = \dfrac{2}{3}n_{O_2} = 0,1(mol)$
$m_{KClO_3} = 0,1.122,5 = 12,25(gam)$
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:4Al+3O_2-^{t^o}>2Al_2O_3\)
tỉ lệ: 4 : 3 : 2
n(mol) 0,2---->0,15---->0,1
\(V_{O_2\left(dktc\right)}=n\cdot22,4=0,15\cdot22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\\ PTHH:2KClO_3-^{t^o}>2KCl+3O_2\)
tỉ lệ: 2 : 2 : 3
n(mol) 0,1<-------------------------0,15
\(m_{KClO_3}=n\cdot M=0,1\cdot\left(39+35,5+16\cdot3\right)=12,25\left(g\right)\)
nAl=16,2/27= 0,6(mol)
a) PTHH: 4 Al +3 O2 -to-> 2 Al2O3
nO2= 3/4 . nAl=3/4 . 0,6= 0,45(mol)
=> V(O2,đktc)=0,45 x 22,4=10,08(l)
b) nAl2O3= nAl/2=0,6/2=0,3(mol)
=>mAl2O3=102. 0,3= 30,6(g)
c) 2KMnO4 -to-> K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2
nKMnO4= 2.nO2=2. 0,45=0,9(mol)
=>mKMnO4= 158 x 0,9= 142,2(g)
nP = 18,6/31 = 0,6 (mol)
PTHH: 4P + 5O2 -> (t°) 2P2O5
Mol: 0,6 ---> 0,75 ---> 0,3
VO2 = 0,75 . 22,4 = 16,8 (l)
mP2O5 = 0,3 . 142 = 42,6 (g)
PTHH: 2KClO3 -> (t°, MnO2) 2KCl + 3O2
nKClO3 = 0,75 : 3 . 2 = 0,5 (mol)
mKClO3 = 122,5 . 0,5 = 61,25 (g)
a)
\(n_{O_2} = \dfrac{11,2}{22,4} = 0,5(mol)\\ 4P + 5O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2P_2O_5\\ n_P = \dfrac{4}{5}n_{O_2} = 0,4(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_P = 0,4.31 = 12,4(gam)\)
b)
\(n_{P_2O_5} = \dfrac{2}{5}n_{O_2} = 0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{P_2O_5} = 0,2.142 = 28,4(gam)\)
c)
\(2KMnO_4 \xrightarrow{t^o} K_2MnO_4 + MnO_2 + O_2\\ n_{KMnO_4} = 2n_{O_2} = 0,5.2 = 1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{KMnO_4} = 1.158 = 158(gam)\)
\(n_{P_2O_5}=\dfrac{14,2}{142}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
4P + 5O2 \(\underrightarrow{t^o}\) 2P2O5
0,2 0,25 0,1 ( mol )
a, \(V_{O_2}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\)
b, \(m_P=0,2.31=6,2\left(g\right)\)
c, \(2KClO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\)
\(\dfrac{1}{6}\) 0,25 ( mol )
\(m_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{1}{6}.122,5=\dfrac{245}{12}\approx20,42\left(g\right)\)
TK :