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a, PTHH: S + O2 -> (t°) SO2
b, nS = 6,4/32 = 0,2 (mol)
nO2 = 6,72/22,4 = 0,3 (mol)
LTL: 0,2 < 0,3 => O2 dư
nO2 (pư) = nSO2 = nS = 0,2 (mol)
mO2 (dư) = (0,3 - 0,2) . 32 = 3,2 (g)
c, mSO2 = 64 . 0,2 = 12,8 (g)
a, \(S+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}SO_2\)
\(nS=\dfrac{6,4}{32}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(nO_2=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,3}{1}\) => oxi dư
\(nO_{2\left(dư\right)}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(mO_{2\left(dư\right)}=0,1.32=3,2\left(g\right)\)
\(nSO_2=nS=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(mSO_2=0,2.64=12,8\left(g\right)\)
nH2 = 0,4/2 = 0,2 (mol)
nO2 = 3,2/32 = 0,1 (mol)
PTHH: 2H2 + O2 -> (t°) 2H2O
LTL: 0,2/2 = 0,1 => khối lượng chất dư là 0
nH2O = nH2 = 0,2 (mol)
mH2O = 0,2 . 18 = 3,6 (g)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{m_{H_2}}{M_{H_2}}=\dfrac{0,4}{2}=0,2mol\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{m_{O_2}}{M_{O_2}}=\dfrac{3,2}{32}=0,1mol\)
\(2H_2+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2H_2O\)
2 1 2 ( mol )
0,2 = 0,1 ( mol )
0,2 0,1 0,2 ( mol )
Sau phản ứng ko có chất dư
\(m_{H_2O}=n_{H_2O}.M_{H_2O}=0,2.18=3,6g\)
\(n_S=\dfrac{3,2}{32}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: S + O2 --to--> SO2
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{1}\) => S hết, O2 dư
\(n_S=\dfrac{3,2}{32}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: S + O2 --to--> SO2
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{1}\) => S hết, O2 dư
\(n_S=\dfrac{3.2}{32}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1.12}{22.4}=0.05\left(mol\right)\)
\(S+O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}SO_2\)
\(0.05.0.05...0.05\)
\(\Rightarrow Sdư\)
\(V_{SO_2}=0.05\cdot22.4=1.12\left(l\right)\)
\(b.\)
\(S+O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}SO_2\)
\(0.1..0.1\)
\(V_{kk}=5V_{O_2}=5\cdot0.1\cdot22.4=11.2\left(l\right)\)
a, PT: \(S+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}SO_2\)
Ta có: \(n_S=\dfrac{3,2}{32}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,05}{1}\), ta được S dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{SO_2}=n_{O_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{SO_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=n_S=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{kk}=2,24.5=11,2\left(l\right)\)
\(1,2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2H_2O\)
\(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2MgO\)
\(2Cu+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2CuO\)
\(S+O_2\underrightarrow{t}SO_2\)
\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t}2Al_2O_3\)
\(C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)
\(2,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(a,n_{O_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=8,8\left(g\right)\)
\(b,n_C=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=13,2\left(g\right)\)
c, Vì\(\frac{0,3}{1}>\frac{0,2}{1}\)nên C phản ửng dư, O2 phản ứng hết, Bài toán tính theo O2
\(n_{O_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=8,8\left(g\right)\)
\(3,PTHH:CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(C_2H_2+\frac{5}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{t}2CO_2+H_2O\)
\(C_2H_6O+3O_2\underrightarrow{t}2CO_2+3H_2O\)
\(4,a,PTHH:4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)
\(n_P=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=1,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=38,4\left(g\right)\)
\(b,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(n_C=2,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=2,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=80\left(g\right)\)
\(c,PTHH:4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t}2Al_2O_3\)
\(n_{Al}=2,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=1,875\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=60\left(g\right)\)
\(d,PTHH:2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2H_2O\)
\(TH_1:\left(đktc\right)n_{H_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=0,75\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=24\left(g\right)\)
\(TH_2:\left(đkt\right)n_{H_2}=1,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=0,7\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=22,4\left(g\right)\)
\(5,PTHH:S+O_2\underrightarrow{t}SO_2\)
\(n_{O_2}=0,46875\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{SO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Vì\(0,46875>0,3\left(n_{O_2}>n_{SO_2}\right)\)nên S phản ứng hết, bài toán tính theo S.
\(a,\Rightarrow n_S=n_{SO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_S=9,6\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=0,16875\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=5,4\left(g\right)\)
\(6,a,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_C=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_C=18\left(g\right)\)
\(b,PTHH:2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2H_2O\)
\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=0,75\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{H_2}=1,5\left(g\right)\)
\(c,PTHH:S+O_2\underrightarrow{t}SO_2\)
\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_S=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_S=48\left(g\right)\)
\(d,PTHH:4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)
\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_P=1,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_P=37,2\left(g\right)\)
\(7,n_{O_2}=5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=112\left(l\right)\left(đktc\right)\);\(V_{O_2}=120\left(l\right)\left(đkt\right)\)
\(8,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(m_C=0,96\left(kg\right)\Rightarrow n_C=0,08\left(kmol\right)=80\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=80\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=1792\left(l\right)\)
\(9,n_p=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{O_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)
Vì\(\frac{0,2}{4}< \frac{0,3}{5}\)nên P hết O2 dư, bài toán tính theo P.
\(a,n_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=0,05\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=1,6\left(g\right)\)
\(b,n_{P_2O_5}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{P_2O_5}=14,2\left(g\right)\)
a, \(n_S=\dfrac{6,4}{32}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: S + O2 ----to----> SO2
Mol: 0,2 0,2 0,2
b, \(m_{SO_2}=0,2.64=12,8\left(g\right)\)
c, \(V_{O_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
\(n_S=\dfrac{3,2}{32}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:S+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}SO_2\\ LTL:\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,05}{1}\)
=> S dư
\(n_{S\left(P\text{Ư}\right)}=n_{SO_2}=n_{O_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ m_S=\left(0,1-0,05\right).32=1,6\left(g\right)\\ V_{SO_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)