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a) PTHH: 4P+5O2-----to---> 2P2O5
0,2 0,25 0,1
b)\(n_{P_2O_5}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{14,2}{142}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_P=n.M=0,2.31=6,2\left(gam\right)\)
c) \(V_{O_2}=n.22,4=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\)
a.
\(2Cu+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2CuO\) \(4Al+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Al_2O_3\)
x 1/2x x y 3/4y 1/2y ( mol )
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Cu}=x\\n_{Al}=y\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}64x+27y=26,3\\80x+\dfrac{1}{2}y.102=41,5\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(V_{kk}=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}.0,2+\dfrac{3}{4}.0,5\right).22,4.5=0,475.112=53,2l\)
a)
4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
2Mg + O2 --to--> 2MgO
b) Gọi số mol Al, Mg là a, b (mol)
=> 27a + 24b = 7,8 (1)
PTHH: 4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
a--->0,75a----->0,5a
2Mg + O2 --to--> 2MgO
b--->0,5b------->b
=> 102.0,5a + 40b = 14,2
=> 51a + 40b = 14,2 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,2 (mol); b = 0,1 (mol)
nO2 = 0,75a + 0,5b = 0,2 (mol)
=> VO2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)
=> Vkk = 4,48 : 20% = 22,4 (l)
c)
mAl = 0,2.27 = 5,4 (g)
mMg = 0,1.24 = 2,4 (g)
a)
4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
2Mg + O2 --to--> 2MgO
b) Gọi số mol Al, Mg là a, b (mol)
=> 27a + 24b = 7,8 (1)
PTHH: 4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
a--->0,75a----->0,5a
2Mg + O2 --to--> 2MgO
b--->0,5b------->b
=> 102.0,5a + 40b = 14,2
=> 51a + 40b = 14,2 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,2 (mol); b = 0,1 (mol)
nO2 = 0,75a + 0,5b = 0,2 (mol)
=> VO2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)
=> Vkk = 4,48 : 20% = 22,4 (l)
c)
mAl = 0,2.27 = 5,4 (g)
mMg = 0,1.24 = 2,4 (g)
a) \(4Al+3O_2-^{t^o}\rightarrow2Al_2O_3\)
Bảo toàn khối lượng : \(m_{O_2}=12,24-8,1=4,14\left(g\right)\)
=>\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{207}{1600}\left(mol\right)\)
Vì O2 chiếm 20% thể tích không khí
\(V_{kk}=\dfrac{\dfrac{207}{1600}.22,4}{20\%}=14,49\left(lít\right)\)
b) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{8,1}{27}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Lập tỉ lệ : \(\dfrac{0,3}{4}>\dfrac{\dfrac{207}{1600}}{3}\)
=> Sau phản ứng Al dư
\(n_{Al\left(pứ\right)}=\dfrac{207}{1600}.\dfrac{4}{3}=0,1725\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(H=\dfrac{0,1725}{0,3}.100=57,5\%\)
c) D gồm Al2O3 và Al dư
\(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{O_2}=\dfrac{69}{800}\left(mol\right);n_{Al\left(dư\right)}=0,3-0,1725=0,1275\left(mol\right)\)
\(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(\Sigma n_{HCl}=\dfrac{69}{800}.6+0,1275.3=0,9\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{HCl}=0,9.36,5=32,85\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{4.4}{44}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(0.1.......0.2........0.1..........0.2\)
\(m_{CH_4}=0.1\cdot16=1.6\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{H_2O}=0.2\cdot22.4=4.48\left(l\right)\)
\(V_{kk}=5V_{O_2}=5\cdot0.2\cdot22.4=22.4\left(l\right)\)
\(a,PTHH:4A+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2A_2O_3\\ Áp.dụng.ĐLBTKL,ta.có:\\ m_A+m_{O_2}=m_{A_2O_3}\\ \Rightarrow m_{O_2}=m_{A_2O_3}-m_A=20,4-10,8=9,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{9,6}{32}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ Theo.PTHH:n_A=\dfrac{4}{3}.n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4}{3}.0,3=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow M_A=\dfrac{m}{n}=\dfrac{10,8}{0,4}=27\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\\ \Rightarrow A.là.Al\left(nhôm\right)\)
\(b,V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=n.22,4=0,4.22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{kk\left(đktc\right)}=V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}.5=8,96.5=44,8\left(l\right)\)
\(a,4A+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2A_2O_3\\ Theo.ĐLBTKL:\\ m_A+m_{O_2}=m_{A_2O_3}\\ \Leftrightarrow10,8+m_{O_2}=20,4\\ \Leftrightarrow m_{O_2}=9,6\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{O_2}=\dfrac{9,6}{32}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ n_A=\dfrac{4}{3}.0,3=0,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow M_A=\dfrac{m_A}{n_A}=\dfrac{10,8}{0,4}=27\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\\ \Rightarrow A:Nhôm\left(Al=27\right)\\ b,V_{kk\left(đktc\right)}=\dfrac{100}{20}.V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=5.\left(0,3.22,4\right)=33,6\left(l\right)\)
a: \(4Al+3O_2\rightarrow2Al_2O_3\)
b: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{21.6}{27}=0.8\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n_{Al_2O_3}=0.4\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Al_2O_3}=0.4\cdot102=40.8\left(g\right)\)
c: \(n_{O_2}=0.6\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{O_2}=0.6\cdot22.4=13.44\left(lít\right)\)
a) 4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
b) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{21,6}{27}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
0,8-->0,6-------->0,4
=> \(m_{Al_2O_3}=0,4.102=40,8\left(g\right)\)
c) \(V_{O_2}=0,6.22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\)
d) \(V_{kk}=13,44:20\%=67,2\left(l\right)\)