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\(n_P=\dfrac{12,4}{31}=0,4mol\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{17}{32}=0,53125mol\)
\(4P+5O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2P_2O_5\)
\(\dfrac{0,4}{4}\) < \(\dfrac{0,53125}{5}\) ( mol )
0,4 0,5 0,2 ( mol )
\(m_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,53125-0,5\right).32=1g\)
\(m_{P_2O_5}=0,2.142=28,4g\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{12.6}{56}=0.225\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4.2}{22.4}=0.1875\left(mol\right)\)
\(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}Fe_3O_4\)
\(3.........2\)
\(0.225......0.1875\)
Lập tỉ lệ : \(\dfrac{0.225}{3}< \dfrac{0.1875}{2}\Rightarrow O_2dư\)
\(m_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=\left(0.1875-0.225\cdot\dfrac{2}{3}\right)\cdot32=1.2\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{0.225}{3}\cdot232=17.4\left(g\right)\)
Bài 1:
PT: \(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\)
a, Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{3}< \dfrac{0,1}{2}\), ta được O2 dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{1}{15}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,1-\dfrac{1}{15}=\dfrac{1}{30}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{30}.32\approx1,067\left(g\right)\\V_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{30}.2,24\approx0,746\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{1}{30}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{1}{30}.232\approx7,733\left(g\right)\)
Bài 2:
PT: \(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\)
a, Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{1}{15}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{1}{15}.232\approx15,467\left(g\right)\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{15}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=\dfrac{2}{15}.22,4\approx2,9867\left(l\right)\)
c, PT: \(2N_2+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2N_2O_5\)
Ta có: \(n_{N_2}=\dfrac{2,8}{28}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{2}>\dfrac{\dfrac{2}{15}}{5}\), ta được N2 dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{N_2O_5}=\dfrac{2}{5}n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4}{75}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{N_2O_5}=\dfrac{4}{75}.108=5,76\left(g\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
Bài 1 :
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5.6}{56}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2.24}{224}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}Fe_3O_4\)
\(Bđ:0.1......0.1\)
\(Pư:0.1.......\dfrac{1}{15}...\dfrac{1}{30}\)
\(Kt:0........\dfrac{1}{30}....\dfrac{1}{30}\)
\(V_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{30}\cdot22.4=0.747\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{1}{30}\cdot232=7.73\left(g\right)\)
Bài 2 :
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11.2}{56}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}Fe_3O_4\)
\(0.2.......0.3.......\dfrac{1}{15}\)
\(V_{O_2}=0.3\cdot22.4=6.72\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{1}{15}\cdot232=15.47\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{N_2}=\dfrac{2.8}{28}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(2N_2+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}2N_2O_5\)
\(0.12......0.3........0.12\)
\(m_{N_2O_5}=0.12\cdot108=12.96\left(g\right)\)
a) 4P + 5O2 --to--> 2P2O5
b) \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{16}{32}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 4P + 5O2 --to--> 2P2O5
0,4<--0,5------->0,2
=> mP2O5 = 0,2.142 = 28,4 (g)
c_ mP = 0,4.31 = 12,4 (g)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{16}{32}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 4P + 5O2 --to--> 2P2O5
0,4 0,5 0,2
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{P_2O_5}=0,2.142=28,4\left(g\right)\\m_P=0,4.31=12,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{4,5}{27}=\dfrac{1}{6}mol\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15mol\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
0,1 0,05 0,05 0,15 ( mol )
=> Al dư
\(m_{Al\left(dư\right)}=\left(\dfrac{1}{6}-0,1\right).27=1,8g\)
\(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,05.342=17,1g\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,15.98=14,7g\)
\(n_C=\dfrac{0,6}{12}=0,05mol\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1,6}{32}=0,05mol\)
\(C+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CO_2\)
0,05 = 0,05 ( mol )
0,05 0,05 0,05 ( mol )
\(m_{CO_2}=0,05.44=2,2g\)
\(\dfrac{M_{CO_2}}{M_{H_2}}=\dfrac{44}{2}=22\)
=> Khí thu được nặng hơn khí hiđro 22 lần
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{12}{24}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Mg + O2 --to--> 2MgO
LTL: \(\dfrac{0,5}{2}>0,2\rightarrow\) Mg dư
\(n_{MgO}=n_{O_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_{MgO}=0,2.40=8\left(g\right)\)
\(n_P = \dfrac{6,2}{31} = 0,2(mol)\\ n_{O_2} = \dfrac{6,72}{22,4} = 0,3(mol)\\ \dfrac{n_P}{4} = 0,05 < \dfrac{n_{O_2}}{5} = 0,06\)
Do đó : O2 dư.
4P + 5O2 \(\xrightarrow{t^o} \) 2P2O5
0,2..............0,25..................0,1..................(mol)
\(n_{O_2\ dư} = 0,3 - 0,25 = 0,05(mol)\)
\(m_{P_2O_5} = 0,1.142 = 14,2(gam)\)
\(a,n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 3Fe + 2O2 --to--> Fe3O4
LTL: \(\dfrac{0,2}{3}>\dfrac{0,1}{2}\) => Fe dư
b, Theo pthh: \(n_{Fe\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,1=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,2-0,15\right).56=2,8\left(g\right)\)