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Theo các nhà nghiên cứu, những người không muốn ngủ có nguy cơ mắc bệnh đau tim gấp đôi nguy cơ đau tim bình thường . Các nhà khoa học cho biết thức giấc thường xuyên vào ban đêm được xem như một lời cảnh báo về sức khoẻ không lành mạnh trong tương lai. Nghiên cứu gần đấy cho thấy rằng 13.000 người là những người phải vật lộn để ngủ vào ban đêm là 99% có nguy cơ bị đau tim hoặc đau thắt ngực nghiêm trọng. Những người mất hơn nửa giờ để ngủ hoặc ngủ ít hơn sáu giờ đồng hồ cũng có nguy cơ gia tăng bệnh . Nghiên cứu của Nhật Bản đã không xác định được lý do tại sao lại có một mối liên hệ mạnh mẽ giữa giấc ngủ và sức khoẻ của trái tim. Nhưng các nhà khoa học cho biết, hành động thức tỉnh liên tục có thể gây ra tình trạng "kích hoạt quá mức" trong hệ thần kinh, làm tăng nhịp tim và huyết áp, gây thêm căng thẳng lên tim. Ngủ kém cũng có thể là triệu chứng của tình trạng sức khoẻ kém, có nghĩa là những người có vấn đề về tim ít có khả năng ngủ ngon giấc. Cuộc nghiên cứu cho thấy những người phải mất hơn nửa giờ để ngủ có nguy cơ đau tim tăng 52% và 48% nguy cơ cơ thể bị đột quỵ tăng cao. Và những người có ít hơn sáu giờ để ngủ một đêm là 24 % nhiều khả năng bị đau tim.
UNIT 1 Friendship
I. Choose the word that has the underlined (letters) pronounced differently from the others.
1. a. machine b. change c. teacher d. choose
2. a. condition b. option c. suggestion d. relation
3. a. believe b. readily c. friend d. pleasure
4. a. good b. gossip c. game d. geometry
5. a. trust b. mutual c. number d. uncertain
II. Choose the one word or phrase - a, b, c, or d - that best completes the sentences or
substitutes for the underlined word or phrase.
6. It was so relaxing to be ________ old friends.
a. in b. between c. among d. around
7. She's made friends ________ a little girl who lives next door.
a. to b. of c. by d. with
8. The children seem to be totally capable ________ working by themselves.
a. on b. of c. in d. for
9. Your friendship should be based on ________ trust.
a. basic b. fragile c. mutual d. blind
10. The company expects ________ from its employees.
a. constancy b. quality c. interest d. loyalty
11. I've got lots of _______, but only a few are really good friends
a. close friends b. acquaintances c. neighbors d. partners
12. Friendship is a two-sided ________, it lives by give-and-take.
a. affair b. event c. aspect d. feature
13. Unselfishness is the very essence of friendship.
a. romantic part b. important part c. difficult part d. interesting part
14. They ________ a close friendship at university.
a. created b. became c. promoted d. formed
15. We stayed friends even after we ________ and left home.
a. brought up b. turned up c. grew up d. took up
III. Choose the word or phrase -a, b, c, or d -that best completes the sentence.
16. He finds it ________ lasting friendships.
a. difficult to make b. difficulty in making c. is difficult to make d. difficult making
17. You ________ any friends if you ________ talking like that.
a. will win/ carryon b. won't win/ carryon
c. wouldn't win/ carried on d. would have won/ had carried on
18. The aim of the culture festival is ________ friendship between the two countries
a. promote b. promoting c. to promote d. being promoted
19. People he ________ turned out to be only fair-weather friends.
a. trusted b. has trusted c. was trusting d. had trusted
20. How can you let such a silly incident ________ your friendship?
a. wreck b.to wreck c. wrecking d. that wrecks
21. It has become necessary ________ water in the metropolitan area because of the severe drought.
a. rationing b. ration c. to ration d. to have rationed
22. All the passengers were made ________ their seat belts during the turbulence.
a. buckle b. to buckle c. buckling d. for buckling.
23. ________ good ice cream, you need to use a lot of cream.
a. Make b. Making c. To make d. For make
24. I got my friend ________ her car for the weekend.
a. to let me to borrow b. to let me borrow c. let me borrow d. let me to borrow
25. They _______ good friends, but they've fallen out recently.
a. used to be b. would be c. were d. are
IV. Identify the one underlined word or phase - A, B, C or D - that must be changed for the
sentence to be correct.
26. Whatever happened, I didn't want to lose friendship of Vera.
A B C D
Reference Material For 11
th
- grade students All Rights reserved
1
Lien Son High School – English Group New teaching and testing projects
27. The basic aims of science and magic are very similar - to understand and to control nature
A B C D
28. It was a period of her life when she made some lifelong friendship.
A B C D
29. Simon finds it hard for making friends with other children.
A B C D
30. Not longer are contributions to the advancement of industry made primarily by individuals
A B C D
John Fisher, a builder, and his wife Elizabeth wanted more living space, so they left small flat for an old 40-metre high castle tower. They have spent five years turning it into a beautiful home with six floors, winning three architectural prizes.
'I love the space, and being private,'Elizabeth says. 'You feel separated from the world. If I'm in the kitchen, which is 25 metres above the groud floor, and the doorbell rings, I don't have to answer it because visitor can't see I'm in!'.
There are 142 steps to the top, so i go up and down five or six times a day, it's very good exercise! But having to carry heavy things to the top is terrible, so i never buy two bags of shopping from the supermarket at a time. Apart from that, it's a brilliant place to live.'
'When we first saw the place, I asked my father's advice about buying it, because we couldn't decide. After paying for it, we were a bit worried because it looked awful. But we really loved it, and knew how we wamted it to look'
'Living here can be difficult - yesterday I climbed a four-metre ladder to clean the windows. But when you stand on the roof you can see all the way out to sea on a lear day, and that's a wonderful experience. I'm really glad we moved.'
1/ What is the writer trying to do in the test?
a/ Describe how to turn an old tower into a house
b/ Recommend a particular builder
c/ Describe what it is like to live in a tower
d/ Explain how to win prizes for building work
2/ From this text, a reader can find out
a/ Why visitors are not welcome at John and Elizabeth's house
b/ Why Elizabeth exercises everyday
c/ Why Elizabeth asked her father to buy the tower
d/ Why John and Elizabeth left the flat
3/ Which of the following best describes Elizabeth's feeling about the tower?
a/ She wanted it as soon as she saw it
b/ She likes most things about it
c/ She has been worried since they paid for it
d/ She finds it unsuitable to live in
4/ What problem does Elizabeth have with living in such a tall building
a/ Her visitor find it difficult to see if she is at home
b/ She feels separated from other people
c/ She cannot bring home lots of shopping at once.
d/ It is impossible to clean any of the window
5/ They were rather worried after paying for the castle because
a/ They really couldn't afford it
b/ It was about to collapse
c/ It looked terrible at first
d/ They were unable to take care of such a large house
John Fisher, a builder, and his wife Elizabeth wanted more living space, so they left small flat for an old 40-metre high castle tower. They have spent five years turning it into a beautiful home with six floors, winning three architectural prizes.
'I love the space, and being private,'Elizabeth says. 'You feel separated from the world. If I'm in the kitchen, which is 25 metres above the groud floor, and the doorbell rings, I don't have to answer it because visitor can't see I'm in!'.
There are 142 steps to the top, so i go up and down five or six times a day, it's very good exercise! But having to carry heavy things to the top is terrible, so i never buy two bags of shopping from the supermarket at a time. Apart from that, it's a brilliant place to live.'
'When we first saw the place, I asked my father's advice about buying it, because we couldn't decide. After paying for it, we were a bit worried because it looked awful. But we really loved it, and knew how we wamted it to look'
'Living here can be difficult - yesterday I climbed a four-metre ladder to clean the windows. But when you stand on the roof you can see all the way out to sea on a lear day, and that's a wonderful experience. I'm really glad we moved.'
1/ What is the writer trying to do in the test?
a/ Describe how to turn an old tower into a house
b/ Recommend a particular builder
c/ Describe what it is like to live in a tower
d/ Explain how to win prizes for building work
2/ From this text, a reader can find out
a/ Why visitors are not welcome at John and Elizabeth's house
b/ Why Elizabeth exercises everyday
c/ Why Elizabeth asked her father to buy the tower
d/ Why John and Elizabeth left the flat
3/ Which of the following best describes Elizabeth's feeling about the tower?
a/ She wanted it as soon as she saw it
b/ She likes most things about it
c/ She has been worried since they paid for it
d/ She finds it unsuitable to live in
4/ What problem does Elizabeth have with living in such a tall building
a/ Her visitor find it difficult to see if she is at home
b/ She feels separated from other people
c/ She cannot bring home lots of shopping at once.
d/ It is impossible to clean any of the window
5/ They were rather worried after paying for the castle because
a/ They really couldn't afford it
b/ It was about to collapse
c/ It looked terrible at first
d/ They were unable to take care of such a large house
Read the following passage, and then tick the correct answers : T or F.
Many people still believe that natural resources will never be used up. Actually, the world's energy resources are limited. Nobody knows exactly how much fuel is left. However, we also should use them economically and try to find out alternative sources of power. According to Professor Marvin Burnham of the New England Institute of Technology, we have to start saving coal, oil and gas before it is too late; and solar power is the only alternative.
1. Natural resources will never run out. F
2. We don't know exactly how much fuel is left. T
3. We shouldn't waste natural resources. T
4. We should find out other types of energy besides fossil fuels. T
5. According to Professor Marvin Burnham, solar energy will be used as a form of alternative energy. F
Trẻ thông minh có nhiều khả năng sống lâu hơn và không bị bệnh, theo nghiên cứu cho thấy Theo một nghiên cứu mới cho thấy chỉ số IQ cao ở trẻ em, kết quả là cuộc sống của các em học sinh gặp phải rắc rối từ bạn học vì quá thông minh sẽ có tiếng cười cuối cùng. Các nhà nghiên cứu tại Đại học Edinburgh, Oxford và University College London đã theo dõi hơn 65.000 người tham gia cuộc khảo sát Khảo sát Tâm thần Scottish năm 1947, tuổi từ 11 tới để tìm hiểu xem thông minh khi còn nhỏ đã ảnh hưởng đến cuộc sống của họ và cái chết. Họ khám phá ra rằng vào tuổi 79, có IQ cao làm giảm nguy cơ tử vong vì bệnh tim, đột qu,, ung thư và các bệnh về đường hô hấp. "Tôi đang lạc quan về những kết quả này," giáo sư Ian Deary, thuộc Đại học Edinburgh, người dẫn đầu nghiên cứu cho biết, "Tôi hy vọng nó có nghĩa là nếu chúng ta có thể tìm hiểu những gì người thông minh làm và sao chép chúng, thì chúng tôi có cơ hội sống lâu hơn và khỏe mạnh hơn. Chúng ta vẫn chưa hiểu tại sao trí thông minh từ thời thơ ấu và tuổi thọ lại có liên quan, và chúng ta đang giữ một tâm trí cởi mở. Phong cách sống (ví dụ: không hút thuốc), giáo dục, đọc viết về sức khoẻ, ít bị tước đoạt và di truyền học có thể đóng một phần. Chúng tôi và các nhóm nghiên cứu khác đang thử nghiệm những ý tưởng này. " Nguy cơ tử vong thấp thậm chí còn tồn tại khi tính đến các yếu tố có thể ảnh hưởng đến kết quả, chẳng hạn như tuổi, giới tính và tình trạng kinh tế xã hội. Trong thực tế thiếu thốn, chẳng hạn như thất nghiệp, quá tải, và điều kiện sống bất lợi khác được cho là chỉ chiếm khoảng 30 phần trăm của mối tương quan giữa IQ-mortality.