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a) 3737 . 43 - 4343 . 37
= 37 . 103 . 43 - 4343 . 37
= 37 . 4343-4343 . 37
= 0
b) Ta thấy trong tổng số hạng đứng sau gấp 4 lần số hạng liền ngay trước nó.
Ta có: \(A=3+3.4+3.4^2+...+3.4^5+3.4^6\)
\(=3.\left(1+4+4^2+...+4^6\right)\)
Đặt B = 1 + 4 + 42 +...+46
4B = 4+42 +...+47
=> 4B - B = (4+42 +...+47) - (1+4+42 +...+46) = 47 - 1
=> 3B = 47 - 1
=> B = \(\dfrac{4^7-1}{3}\)
=>A=3B=47 -1
b\()\)
1/2^2 + 1/3^2 +... + 1/100^2 < 1/4 + 1/2.3 + 1/3.4 +... + 1/99.100
1/2^2 + 1/3^2 +... + 1/100^2 < 1/4 + 1/2 - 1/3 + 1/3 -1/4 +... + 1/99 + 1/100
1/2^2 + 1/3^2 +... + 1/100^2 < 1/4 + 1/2 - 1/100
1/2^2 + 1/3^2 +... + 1/100^2 < 3/4 - 1/100 < 3/4
Tương tự như vậy với câu a\()\)
1/2^2 + 1/3^2 +... + 1/100^2 < 1/4 + 1/2.3 + 1/3.4 +... + 1/99.100
1/2^2 + 1/3^2 +... + 1/100^2 < 1/4 + 1/2 - 1/3 + 1/3 -1/4 +... + 1/99 + 1/100
1/2^2 + 1/3^2 +... + 1/100^2 < 1/4 + 1/2 - 1/100
1/2^2 + 1/3^2 +... + 1/100^2 < 3/4 - 1/100 < 1/2
\(A=\dfrac{101\cdot\dfrac{102}{2}}{\left(101-100\right)+99-98+...+3-2+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{101\cdot51}{1+1+...+1}=\dfrac{101\cdot51}{51}=101\)
\(B=\dfrac{37\cdot43\left(101-101\right)}{2+4+...+100}=0\)
a, \(A=\dfrac{101+100+99+98+...+3+2+1}{101-100+99-98+...+3-2+1}\)
Ta có: \(T=101+100+99+98+...+3+2+1\) \(=\dfrac{\left(101+1\right).101}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{102.101}{2}\Leftrightarrow51.101\)
\(M=101-100+99-98+...+3-2+1\)
Ta có: \(101:2=50\) (dư \(1\))
\(\Rightarrow M=\left(101-100\right)+\left(99-98\right)+...+\left(3-2\right)+1\)
Có \(50\) dấu ngoặc tròn "\(\left(\right)\)"
\(\Rightarrow M=1+1+...+1+1=51.1=51\)
\(M\) có \(51\) số \(1\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{T}{M}=\dfrac{51.101}{51}=101\)
Vậy \(A=101\)
b, \(B=\dfrac{3737.43-4343.37}{2+4+6+...100}\)
Ta có: \(T=3737.43-4343.37\)
\(T=37.101.43-43.101.37\)
\(T=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(B=\dfrac{T}{2+4+6+...+100}=\dfrac{0}{2+4+6+...+100}\) \(=0\)
Vậy \(B=0\)
Ta có :
\(\dfrac{1}{5^2}< \dfrac{1}{4.5}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{6^2}< \dfrac{1}{5.6}\)
....................
\(\dfrac{1}{100^2}< \dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{5^2}+\dfrac{1}{6^2}+........+\dfrac{1}{100^2}< \dfrac{1}{4.5}+\dfrac{1}{5.6}+.....+\dfrac{1}{99.100}=\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{6}+.....+\dfrac{1}{99}-\dfrac{1}{100}=\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{100}< \dfrac{1}{4}\left(1\right)\)
Lại có :
\(\dfrac{1}{5^2}>\dfrac{1}{5.6}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{6^2}>\dfrac{1}{6.7}\)
............
\(\dfrac{1}{100^2}>\dfrac{1}{100.101}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{5^2}+\dfrac{1}{6^2}+......+\dfrac{1}{100^2}>\dfrac{1}{5.6}+\dfrac{1}{6.7}+.....+\dfrac{1}{100.101}=\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{6}+\dfrac{1}{6}-\dfrac{1}{7}+.....+\dfrac{1}{100}-\dfrac{1}{101}=\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{101}>\dfrac{1}{6}\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrowđpcm\)
Hôm nay olm sẽ hướng dẫn các em mẹo giải các bài toán dạng này như sau:
Ta thấy vế phải là \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) thì vế trái sẽ ≤ \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) - a ( a > 0)
Em biến đổi mẫu số các phân số lần lượt thành lũy thừa của các số tự nhiên liên tiếp. Sau đó rút gọn tổng các phân số đó thì sẽ chứng minh được em nhé.
A = \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{4^2}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{6^2}\)+...+\(\dfrac{1}{100^2}\)
A = \(\dfrac{1}{\left(1.2\right)^2}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{\left(2.2\right)^2}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{\left(2.3\right)^2}\)+...+\(\dfrac{1}{\left(2.50\right)^2}\)
A = \(\dfrac{1}{1^2.2^2}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{2^2.2^2}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{2^2.3^2}\)+...+\(\dfrac{1}{2^2.50^2}\)
A = \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\)\(\times\)(\(\dfrac{1}{1^2}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{3^2}\)+...+\(\dfrac{1}{50^2}\))
A = \(\dfrac{1}{4}\) \(\times\)(1+\(\dfrac{1}{2.2}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{3.3}\)+...+\(\dfrac{1}{50.50}\))
Vì \(\dfrac{1}{1}\)> \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)>\(\dfrac{1}{3}\)>\(\dfrac{1}{4}\)>...>\(\dfrac{1}{50}\)
⇒ \(\dfrac{1}{2.2}+\dfrac{1}{3.3}+\dfrac{1}{4.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{50.50}\)<\(\dfrac{1}{1.2}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{2.3}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{3.4}\)+...\(\dfrac{1}{49.50}\)
A = \(\dfrac{1}{4}\).(1+\(\dfrac{1}{2.2}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{3.3}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{4.4}\)+..+\(\dfrac{1}{50.50}\)) < \(\dfrac{1}{4}\) .(1+\(\dfrac{1}{1.2}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{2.3}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{3.4}\)+..+\(\dfrac{1}{49.50}\))
A < \(\dfrac{1}{4}\).(1+\(\dfrac{1}{1}\)-\(\dfrac{1}{2}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{2}\)-\(\dfrac{1}{3}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{3}\)-\(\dfrac{1}{4}\)+...+\(\dfrac{1}{49}\)-\(\dfrac{1}{50}\))
A<\(\dfrac{1}{4}\).(2 - \(\dfrac{1}{50}\))
A < \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{200}\) < \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy A = \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{4^2}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{6^2}\)+...+\(\dfrac{1}{100^2}\) < \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) ( đpcm)
Đặt \(A=\dfrac{1}{5^2}+\dfrac{1}{6^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{100^2}\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{5^2}+\dfrac{1}{6^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{100^2}< \dfrac{1}{4.5}+\dfrac{1}{5.6}+...+\dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{6}+...+\dfrac{1}{99}-\dfrac{1}{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{100}< \dfrac{1}{4}\) (đpcm)
\(\dfrac{3737\times43-4343\times37}{2+4+6+...+100}\)
= \(\dfrac{37\times101\times43-43\times101\times37}{2+4+6+...+100}\)
= \(\dfrac{0}{2+4+6+...+100}\)
= 0
x =nhân