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PTHH: \(CO_2+Ba\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow BaCO_3\downarrow+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)=n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{BaCO_3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,4}=0,5\left(M\right)\\m_{BaCO_3}=0,2\cdot197=39,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PT: \(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\)
\(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)
\(Na_2O+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo ĐLBT KL, có: m hh + mHCl = m muối + mH2O
⇒ a = m hh = 24,1 + 0,2.18 - 0,4.36,5 = 13,1 (g)
- Cho hh pư với HCl
PT: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\)
\(Fe_3O_4+8HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+2FeCl_3+4H_2O\)
Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgO}=b\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_3O_4}=c\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ a + b + c = 0,4 (1)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=3n_{Al}+2n_{MgO}+8n_{Fe_3O_4}=3a+2b+8c=1,5\left(2\right)\)
- Cho hh pư với NaOH:
PT: \(2Al+2H_2O+2NaOH\rightarrow2NaAlO_2+3H_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,4}{22,4}=0,375\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,25.27}{0,25.27+78}.100\%=\dfrac{900}{113}\%\)
%mAl không đổi trong hh.
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{27a}{27a+40b+232c}.100=\dfrac{900}{113}\left(3\right)\)
Từ (1), (2) và (3) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\left(mol\right)\\b=0,2\left(mol\right)\\c=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{900}{113}\%\approx7,96\%\\\%m_{MgO}=\dfrac{0,2.40}{0,1.27+0,2.40+0,1.232}.100\%\approx23,6\%\\\%m_{Fe_3O_4}\approx68,44\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(a.Na_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+CO_2+H_2O\\ n_{NaCl}=n_{HCl}=2.n_{CO_2}=2.\dfrac{448:1000}{22,4}=0,04\left(mol\right)\\ C_{MddHCl}=\dfrac{0,04}{0,02}=2\left(M\right)\\ b.m_{NaCl}=58,5.0,04=2,34\left(g\right)\\ c.m_{Na_2CO_3}=106.0,02=2,12\left(g\right)\\ \%m_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{2,12}{5}.100=42,4\%\\ \%m_{NaCl}=100\%-42,4\%=57,6\%\)
Bài 16 :
\(n_{CO2}=\dfrac{0,448}{22,4}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(Na_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+CO_2+H_2O|\)
1 2 2 1 1
0,02 0,04 0,04 0,02
a) \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,02.2}{1}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
20ml = 0,02l
\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,04}{0,02}=2\left(M\right)\)
b) \(n_{NaCl}=\dfrac{0,02.2}{1}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{NaCl}=0,04.58,5=2,34\left(g\right)\)
c) \(n_{Na2CO3}=\dfrac{0,04.1}{2}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{Na2CO3}=0,02.106=2,12\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{NaCl}=5-2,12=2,88\left(g\right)\)
0/0Na2CO3 = \(\dfrac{2,12.100}{5}=42,4\)0/0
0/0NaCl = \(\dfrac{2,88.100}{5}=57,6\)0/0
Chúc bạn học tốt
a) M(muối)= 16,5:0,125=132(g/mol)
=> Chỉ có 1 nhóm sunfat
=> A2SO4 or ASO4 => M(A)=18 or M(A)=36
Anh thấy nó không ra chất gì hớt? Em ngó kĩ đề lại
\(Ba\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow BaCl_2+H_2O\)
\(0.12...............0.24\)
\(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
\(0.15..........0.15\)
\(n_{HCl}=0.24+0.15=0.39\left(mol\right)\)