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Ta có pthh
Na2O + H2O→→2NaOH
Áp dụng định luật bảo toàn khối lượng ta có
mNa2O+mH2O=mNaOH
⇒⇒mNaOH=6,2+93,8=100 g
Ta có
nH2O=93,818=5,2mol93,818=5,2���
nNa2O=6,262=0,1mol6,262=0,1���
Theo pthh
nNa2O=0,11mol<nH2O=5,21mol0,11���<��2�=5,21���
⇒⇒nH2O dư ( tính theo số mol của Na2O )
Theo pthh
nNaOH=2nNa2O=2 . 0,1 =0,2 mol
⇒⇒mNaOH=0,2 . 40=8 g
⇒⇒Nồng độ % của dd tạo thành là
C%= 8100.100%=8%8100.100%=8%
Vậy nồng độ của dd tạo thành là 8%
\(a,n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{6,2}{62}=0,1mol\\ Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\\ n_{NaOH}=0,1.2=0,2mol\\ C_{\%A}=C_{\%NaOH}=\dfrac{0,2.40}{6,2+93,8}\cdot100\%=4\%\\ b.n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{200.16\%}{100\%.160}=0,2mol\\ CuSO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2+Na_2SO_4\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{0,2}{1}>\dfrac{0,2}{2}\Rightarrow CuSO_4.dư\\ n_{Na_2SO_4}=n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{CuSO_4,pư}=0,2:2=0,1mol\\ m_{ddA}=6,2+93,8+200-0,1.98=290,2g\\ C_{\%Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.142}{290,2}\cdot100\%\approx4,98\%\\ C_{\%CuSO_4,dư}=\dfrac{\left(0,2-0,1\right).160}{290,2}\cdot100\%\approx5,51\%\)
Na2O + H2O --> 2NaOH
nNaOH = 0,2. 1 = 0,2 mol . Theo tỉ lệ phản ứng => n Na2O = 0,2/2 = 0,1 mol
<=> mNa2O = 0,1. 62= 6,2 gam
a) PTHH: \(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
Ta có: \(n_{NaOH}=2n_{Na_2O}=2\cdot\dfrac{6,2}{62}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot40}{6,2+93,8}\cdot100\%=8\%\)
b) PTHH: \(HCl+NaOH\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaOH}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=\dfrac{400\cdot7,3\%}{36,5}=0,8\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) Axit còn dư
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaCl}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,6\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot58,5}{6,2+93,8+400}\cdot100\%=2,34\%\\C\%_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,6\cdot36,5}{6,2+93,8+400}\cdot100\%=4,38\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) Tương tự các phần trên
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,8}{40}=0,02mol\\ 2NaOH+H_2SO_4->Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\\ m_{Na_2SO_4}=142\cdot0,01=1,42g\\ n_{H_2SO_4pư}=0,01mol\\ m_{H_2SO_4}=98\cdot1,15\cdot0,01=1,127g\)
\(a.n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,8}{40}=0,02\left(mol\right)\\2 NaOH+H_2SO_4\xrightarrow[]{}Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}0,02=0,01\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,01.142=1,42\left(g\right)\\ b.n_{H_2SO_4\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}0,02=0,01\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,01.15\%=0,0015\left(mol\right)\\ m_{H_2SO_4\left(dùng\right)}=\left(0,01+0,0015\right).98=1,127\left(g\right)\)
a)
$m_{CuO} = 3,8(gam) \Rightarrow m_{Na_2O} = 10 - 3,8 = 6,2(gam)$
$n_{Na_2O} = \dfrac{6,2}{62} = 0,1(mol)$
$Na_2O + H_2O \to 2NaOH$
$n_{NaOH} = 2n_{Na_2O} = 0,2(mol)$
$m_{NaOH} = 0,2.40 = 8(gam)$
$C\%_{NaOH} = \dfrac{8}{200}.100\% = 4\%$
a) \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CO2 + 2NaOH → Na2CO3 + H2O
Mol: 0,15 0,3 0,15
\(C_{M_{ddNaOH}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5M\)
b) Na2CO3: natri cacbonat
\(m_{Na_2CO_3}=0,15.106=15,9\left(g\right)\)
c)
PTHH: 2NaOH + H2SO4 → Na2SO4 + 2H2O
Mol: 0,15 0,075
\(V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,075}{1}=0,075\left(l\right)=75\left(ml\right)\)
a, \(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
\(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{15,5}{62}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=2n_{Na_2O}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,5}=1\left(M\right)\)
b, \(H_2SO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,25.98}{20\%}=122,5\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{122,5}{1,14}\approx107,46\left(ml\right)\)
\(n_{K2O}=\dfrac{9,4}{94}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(K_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2KOH|\)
1 1 2
0,1 0,2
a) \(n_{KOH}=\dfrac{0,1.2}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
200ml = 0,2l
\(C_{M_{ddKOH}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1\left(M\right)\)
b) Pt : \(KOH+HCl\rightarrow KCl+H_2O|\)
1 1 1 1
0,1 0,1
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,1.1}{1}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=0,1.36,5=3,65\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{3,65.100}{10}=36,5\left(g\right)\)
c) \(CO_2+2KOH\rightarrow K_2CO_3+H_2O|\)
1 2 1 1
0,05 0,1
\(n_{CO2}=\dfrac{0,1.1}{2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{CO2\left(dktc\right)}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
a) PTHH: \(3NaOH+FeCl_3\rightarrow3NaCl+Fe\left(OH\right)_3\downarrow\)
b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaOH}=0,5\cdot0,1=0,05\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeCl_3}=0,2\cdot0,2=0,04\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,05}{3}< \dfrac{0,04}{1}\) \(\Rightarrow\) NaOH p/ứ hết, FeCl3 còn dư
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaCl}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeCl_3\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{7}{300}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{NaCl}=0,05\cdot58,5=2,925\left(g\right)\\m_{FeCl_3\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{7}{300}\cdot162,5\approx3,8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) PTHH: \(2Fe\left(OH\right)_3\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Fe_2O_3+3H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{60}\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{1}{40}\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{H_2O}=\dfrac{1}{40}\cdot18=0,45\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{NaOH}=\dfrac{200\cdot10\%}{100\%}=20g\) \(\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=0,5mol\)
\(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
0,25 \(\leftarrow\) 0,25 \(\leftarrow\) 0,5
\(m_{Na_2O}=0,25\cdot62=15,5g\)
\(m_{H_2O}=0,25\cdot18=4,5g\)