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Đặt \(a=\dfrac{1}{x};b=\dfrac{1}{y};c=\dfrac{1}{z}\Rightarrow xyz=1\) và \(x;y;z>0\)
Gọi biểu thức cần tìm GTNN là P, ta có:
\(P=\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{x^3}\left(\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{y^3}\left(\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{z^3}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^3yz}{y+z}+\dfrac{y^3zx}{z+x}+\dfrac{z^3xy}{x+y}=\dfrac{x^2}{y+z}+\dfrac{y^2}{z+x}+\dfrac{z^2}{x+y}\)
\(P\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{y+z+z+x+x+y}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{2}\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt[3]{xyz}}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(P_{min}=\dfrac{3}{2}\) khi \(x=y=z=1\) hay \(a=b=c=1\)
Đặt \(a = \frac{1}{x} ; b = \frac{1}{y} ; c = \frac{1}{z} \Rightarrow x y z = 1\) và \(x ; y ; z > 0\)
Gọi biểu thức cần tìm GTNN là P, ta có:
\(P = \frac{1}{\frac{1}{x^{3}} \left(\right. \frac{1}{y} + \frac{1}{z} \left.\right)} + \frac{1}{\frac{1}{y^{3}} \left(\right. \frac{1}{z} + \frac{1}{x} \left.\right)} + \frac{1}{\frac{1}{z^{3}} \left(\right. \frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{y} \left.\right)}\)
\(= \frac{x^{3} y z}{y + z} + \frac{y^{3} z x}{z + x} + \frac{z^{3} x y}{x + y} = \frac{x^{2}}{y + z} + \frac{y^{2}}{z + x} + \frac{z^{2}}{x + y}\)
\(P \geq \frac{\left(\left(\right. x + y + z \left.\right)\right)^{2}}{y + z + z + x + x + y} = \frac{x + y + z}{2} \geq \frac{3 \sqrt[3]{x y z}}{2} = \frac{3}{2}\)
\(P_{m i n} = \frac{3}{2}\) khi \(x = y = z = 1\) hay \(a = b = c = 1\)
a: Xét ΔCAD vuông tại A và ΔCED vuông tại E có
CD chung
\(\hat{ACD}=\hat{ECD}\)
Do đó: ΔCAD=ΔCED
=>CA=CE
b: ΔCAD=ΔCED
=>DA=DE
Xét ΔDAF vuông tại A và ΔDEB vuông tại E có
DA=DE
AF=BE
Do đó: ΔDAF=ΔDEB
=>\(\hat{ADF}=\hat{EDB}\)
mà \(\hat{EDB}+\hat{ADE}=180^0\) (hai góc kề bù)
nên \(\hat{ADF}+\hat{ADE}=180^0\)
=>F,D,E thẳng hàng
c: AM là phân giác của góc BAC
=>\(\hat{BAM}=\hat{CAM}=\frac12\cdot\hat{BAC}=\frac{90^0}{2}=45^0\)
Xét tứ giác NMBA có \(\hat{NMB}+\hat{NAB}=90^0+90^0=180^0\)
nên NMBA là tứ giác nội tiếp
=>\(\hat{MNB}=\hat{MAB}=45^0\)
Xét ΔMNB vuông tại M có \(\hat{MNB}=45^0\)
nên ΔMNB vuông cân tại M
=>MN=MB
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\({x^2} = {4^2} + {2^2} = 20 \Rightarrow x = 2\sqrt 5 \)
\({y^2} = {5^2} - {4^2} = 9 \Leftrightarrow y = 3\)
\({z^2} = {\left( {\sqrt 5 } \right)^2} + {\left( {2\sqrt 5 } \right)^2} = 25 \Rightarrow z = 5\)
\({t^2} = {1^2} + {2^2} = 5 \Rightarrow t = \sqrt 5 \)
1: \(\frac{1-a\cdot\sqrt{a}}{1-\sqrt{a}}=\frac{\left(1-\sqrt{a}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{a}+a\right)^{}}{1-\sqrt{a}}=1+\sqrt{a}+a\)
2: \(\frac{\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{x-3}}{\sqrt{x+3}-\sqrt{x-3}}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{x-3}\right)\left(\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{x-3}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x+3}-\sqrt{x-3}\right)\left(\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{x-3}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{x-3}\right)^2}{x+3-\left(x-3\right)}=\frac{x+3+x-3+2\sqrt{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-3\right)}}{6}\)
\(=\frac{2x+2\sqrt{x^2-9}}{6}=\frac{x+\sqrt{x^2-9}}{3}\)
4: \(\frac{3}{2\sqrt{9x}}=\frac{3}{2\cdot3\sqrt{x}}=\frac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}=\frac{\sqrt{x}}{2}\)
5: \(\frac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}=\frac{1\cdot\sqrt{x}}{2\sqrt{x}\cdot\sqrt{x}}=\frac{\sqrt{x}}{2x}\)
7: \(\frac{\sqrt{a^3}+a}{\sqrt{a}-1}=\frac{a\cdot\sqrt{a}+a}{\sqrt{a}-1}=\frac{a\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}{\sqrt{a}-1}=\frac{a\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{a\left(a+2\sqrt{a}+1\right)}{a-1}=\frac{a^2+2a\cdot\sqrt{a}+a}{a-1}\)
8: \(\frac{2}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{2b}}=\frac{2\cdot\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{2b}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{2b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{2b}\right)}=\frac{2\sqrt{a}-2\sqrt{2b}}{a-2b}\)
10: \(\frac{25}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}=\frac{25\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}=\frac{25\sqrt{a}+25\sqrt{b}}{a-b}\)
11: \(-\frac{ab}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}=-\frac{ab\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}=\frac{-ab\cdot\sqrt{a}-ab\cdot\sqrt{b}}{a-b}\)
a.
\(A=\left(\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}{x\left(x-1\right)}+\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}{x\left(x-2\right)}+\dfrac{x-2}{x}\right):\dfrac{x+1}{x}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{x^2+x+1}{x}+\dfrac{x+2}{x}+\dfrac{x-2}{x}\right):\dfrac{x+1}{x}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{x^2+3x+1}{x}\right).\dfrac{x}{x+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+3x+1}{x+1}\)
2.
\(x^3-4x^3+3x=0\Leftrightarrow x\left(x^2-4x+3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\left(loại\right)\\x=1\left(loại\right)\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Với \(x=3\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{3^2+3.3+1}{3+1}=\dfrac{19}{4}\)
Bài 4:
a. Vì $\triangle ABC\sim \triangle A'B'C'$ nên:
$\frac{AB}{A'B'}=\frac{BC}{B'C'}=\frac{AC}{A'C'}(1)$ và $\widehat{ABC}=\widehat{A'B'C'}$
$\frac{DB}{DC}=\frac{D'B'}{D'C}$
$\Rightarrow \frac{BD}{BC}=\frac{D'B'}{B'C'}$
$\Rightarrow \frac{BD}{B'D'}=\frac{BC}{B'C'}(2)$
Từ $(1); (2)\Rightarrow \frac{BD}{B'D'}=\frac{BC}{B'C'}=\frac{AB}{A'B'}$
Xét tam giác $ABD$ và $A'B'D'$ có:
$\widehat{ABD}=\widehat{ABC}=\widehat{A'B'C'}=\widehat{A'B'D'}$
$\frac{AB}{A'B'}=\frac{BD}{B'D'}$
$\Rightarrow \triangle ABD\sim \triangle A'B'D'$ (c.g.c)
b.
Từ tam giác đồng dạng phần a và (1) suy ra:
$\frac{AD}{A'D'}=\frac{AB}{A'B'}=\frac{BC}{B'C'}$
$\Rightarrow AD.B'C'=BC.A'D'$
o: x^4+x^3+x^2-1
=x^3(x+1)+(x-1)(x+1)
=(x+1)(x^3+x-1)
q: \(=\left(x^3-y^3\right)+xy\left(x-y\right)\)
=(x-y)(x^2+xy+y^2)+xy(x-y)
=(x-y)(x^2+2xy+y^2)
=(x-y)(x+y)^2
s: =(2xy)^2-(x^2+y^2-1)^2
=(2xy-x^2-y^2+1)(2xy+x^2+y^2-1)
=[1-(x^2-2xy+y^2]+[(x+y)^2-1]
=(1-x+y)(1+x-y)(x+y-1)(x+y+1)
u: =(x^2-y^2)-4(x+y)
=(x+y)(x-y)-4(x+y)
=(x+y)(x-y-4)
x: =(x^3-y^3)-(3x-3y)
=(x-y)(x^2+xy+y^2)-3(x-y)
=(x-y)(x^2+xy+y^2-3)
z: =3(x-y)+(x^2-2xy+y^2)
=3(x-y)+(x-y)^2
=(x-y)(x-y+3)
o) \(x^4+x^3+x^2-1\)
\(=\left(x^4+x^3\right)+\left(x^2-1\right)\)
\(=x^3\left(x+1\right)+\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^3+x-1\right)\)
q) \(x^3+x^2y-xy^2-y^3\)
\(=\left(x^3+x^2y\right)-\left(xy^2+y^3\right)\)
\(=x^2\left(x+y\right)-y^2\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^2\left(x-y\right)\)
s) \(4x^2y^2-\left(x^2+y^2-1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(2xy\right)^2-\left(x^2+y^2-1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(2xy-x^2-y^2+1\right)\left(2xy+x^2+y^2-1\right)\)
\(=-\left(x^2-2xy+y^2-1\right)\left(x^2+2xy+y^2-1\right)\)
\(=-\left(x-y-1\right)\left(x-y+1\right)\left(x+y+1\right)\left(x+y-1\right)\)
u) \(x^2-y^2-4x-4y\)
\(=\left(x^2-y^2\right)-\left(4x+4y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)-4\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y-4\right)\)
x) \(x^3-y^3-3x+3y\)
\(=\left(x^3-y^3\right)-\left(3x-3y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)-3\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2-3\right)\)
z) \(3x-3y+x^2-2xy+y^2\)
\(=\left(3x-3y\right)+\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=3\left(x-y\right)+\left(x-y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(3+x-y\right)\)