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a) \(2NaOH+H2SO4--->Na2SO4+2H2O\) (1)
\(Ba\left(OH\right)2+H2SO4--->BaSO4+2H2O\)
nBaSO4 = 18,64/233 = 0,08 mol
nH2SO4 cần dùng = 0,07 . 2 = 0,14 mol
- Theo PTHH (2): nH2SO4 = 0,08 mol
=> nH2SO4 (1) = 0,14 - 0,08 = 0,06 mol
=> nBa(OH)2 = nH2SO4 (2) = 0,08 mol
=> CM Ba(OH)2 = 0,08/ 0,2 = 0,4M
=> nNaOH = nH2SO4 (1) = 0,12 mol
=> CM NaOH = 0,12/0.2 = 0,6M
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1mol\\ CO_2+Ba\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow BaCO_3+H_2O\\ n_{BaCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,1mol\\ Ba\left(OH\right)_2+H_2SO_4\rightarrow BaSO_4+2H_2O\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1mol\\ m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.98}{20\%}\cdot100\%=49g\\ V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{49}{1,14}=42,98ml\)
nCO2 = 0,3 mol
CO2 + Ba(OH)2 -> BaCO3 + H2O
0,3..........0,3...............0,3
mBaCO3 = 0,3 .197 = 59,1 g
CM Ba(OH)2 = 0,3 / 0,6 = 0,5 M
PTHH: \(H_2SO_4+2KOH\rightarrow K_2SO+2H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2\cdot1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{KOH}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\n_{K_2SO_4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{\dfrac{0,4\cdot56}{6\%}}{1,048}\approx356,2\left(ml\right)\\C_{M_{K_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2+0,3562}\approx0,36\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=1.0,2=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ H_2SO_4+2KOH\rightarrow K_2SO_4+2H_2O\\ 0,2.........0,4........0,2.......0,2\left(mol\right)\\ a.m_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{0,4.56.100}{6}=\dfrac{1120}{3}\left(g\right)\\ V_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1120}{3}}{1,048}=\dfrac{140000}{393}\left(ml\right)\approx0,356\left(l\right)\)
\(b.C_{MddK_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,2}{\dfrac{140000}{393}+0,2}\approx0,00056\left(M\right)\)
PTHH: \(BaCl_2+H_2SO_4\rightarrow2HCl+BaSO_4\downarrow\) (1)
a) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{BaCl_2}=150\cdot5,2\%=7,8\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2SO_4}=250\cdot19,6\%=49\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{BaCl_2}=\frac{7,8}{208}=0,0375\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4}=\frac{49}{98}=0,5\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\frac{0,0375}{1}< \frac{0,5}{1}\) \(\Rightarrow\) BaCl2 phản ứng hết, H2SO4 còn dư
\(\Rightarrow n_{BaSO_4}=0,0375mol\) \(\Rightarrow m_{BaSO_4}=0,0375\cdot233=8,7375\left(g\right)\)
b) Dung dịch A gồm: \(HCl\) và \(H_2SO_{4\left(dư\right)}\)
PTHH: \(HCl+NaOH\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\) (2)
\(H_2SO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\) (3)
Theo PTHH (1): \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl\left(1\right)}=2n_{BaCl_2}=0,075mol=n_{HCl\left(2\right)}\\n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,4625mol=n_{H_2SO_4\left(3\right)}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaOH\left(2\right)}=0,075mol\\n_{NaOH\left(3\right)}=0,925mol\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=1mol\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{NaOH}=\frac{1}{1,5}\approx0,67\left(l\right)=670\left(ml\right)\)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{CaCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
a, \(C_{M_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}}=\dfrac{0,25}{0,1}=2,5\left(M\right)\)
b, \(m_{CaCO_3}=0,25.100=25\left(g\right)\)
c, \(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+2H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,5.36,5}{20\%}=91,25\left(g\right)\)