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a.\(m_{Br_2}=8g\)
\(n_{Br_2}=\dfrac{8}{160}=0,05mol\)
\(n_{hh}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2mol\)
\(C_2H_2+2Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_2Br_4\)
0,025 0,05 ( mol )
\(\%V_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{0,025}{0,2}.100=12,5\%\)
\(\%V_{CH_4}=100\%-12,5\%=87,5\%\)
b.
\(m_{C_2H_2}=0,025.26=0,65g\)
\(m_{CH_4}=\left(0,2-0,025\right).16=2,8g\)
c.
\(2C_2H_2+5O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)4CO_2+2H_2O\)
0,025 0,0625 ( mol )
\(CH_4+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CO_2+2H_2O\)
0,175 0,35 ( mol )
\(V_{kk}=V_{O_2}.5=\left(0,35+0,0625\right).22,4.5=46,2l\)
a.\(n_{hh}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6mol\)
\(n_{C_2H_2Br_4}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3mol\)
\(C_2H_2+2Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_2Br_4\)
0,3 0,3 ( mol )
\(\%C_2H_2=\dfrac{0,3}{0,6}.100=50\%\)
\(\%CH_4=100\%-50\%=50\%\)
b.
\(CH_4+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CO_2+2H_2O\)
0,3 0,6 ( mol )
\(2C_2H_2+5O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)4CO_2+2H_2O\)
0,3 0,75 ( mol )
\(V_{O_2}=\left(0,6+0,75\right).22,4=1,35.22,4=30,24l\)
CH4+2O2-to>CO2+2H2O
x-----------------------------2x
C2H2+\(\dfrac{5}{2}\)O2-to>2CO2+H2O
y-----------------------------------y
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}\\2x+y=\dfrac{4,5}{18}\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>%VCH4=\(\dfrac{0,1.22,4}{3,36}\).100=66,67%
=>%VC2H2=100-66,67%=33,33%
b)
C2H2+2Br2->C2H2Br4
0,05-----0,1 mol
=>m Br2=0,1.160=16g
C2H4+Br2->C2H4Br2
0,05----0,05
n Br2=\(\dfrac{8}{160}\)=0,05 mol
=>%VC2H4=\(\dfrac{0,05.22,4}{5,6}.100=20\%\)
=>%VCH4=80%
c)CH4+2O2-to>CO2+2H2O
1.10-3----2.10-3 mol
C2H4+3O2-to>2CO2+2H2O
2,5.10-4-7,5.10-4 mol
n hh=\(\dfrac{0,028}{22,4}\)=1,25.10-3 mol
=>n C2H4=2,5.10-4 mol
=>n CH4=1.10-3 mol
=>VO2=(2.10-3+7,5.10-4).22,4=0,0616l
\(n_{Br_2}=\dfrac{8}{160}=0,05mol\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{etilen}=n_{Br_2}=0,05mol\)
\(n_{hh}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25mol\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{metan}=n_{hh}-n_{etilen}=0,25-0,05=0,2mol\)
a)\(C_2H_4+Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_4Br_2\)
b)\(\%V_{metan}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,25}\cdot100\%=80\%\)
\(\%V_{etilen}=100\%-80\%=20\%\)
a) Khi cho metan và axetilen qua dung dịch brom thì metan không phản ứng với brom nên thoát ra khỏi bình còn axetilen phản ứng với dung dịch brom.
=> 20,16 lít khí thoát là metan CH4
=> V axetilen = 40,32 - 20,16 = 20,16 lít
<=> %V CH4 = %V C2H2 = 50%
b)
nCH4 = nC2H2 = \(\dfrac{20,16}{22,4}\)= 0,9 lít
CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O
C2H2 + \(\dfrac{5}{2}\)O2 → 2CO2 + H2O
Theo tỉ lệ phản ứng cháy => nO2 cần để đốt cháy hết hỗn hợp khí = 2nCH4+\(\dfrac{5}{2}\)nC2H2= 4,05 mol.
=> V O2 cần dùng = 4,05.22,4 = 90,72 lít
\(n_{hh}=6,72:22,4=0,3mol\\ C_2H_2+2Br_2->C_2H_2Br_4\\ C_2H_4+Br_2->C_2H_2Br_2\\ n_{Br_2}=0,4mol\\ n_{C_2H_2}=a;n_{C_2H_4}=b\\ a+b=0,3\\ 2a+b=0,4\\ a=0,2;b=0,1\\ \%V_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,3}.100\%=66,67\%\\ \%V_{C_2H_4}=33,33\%\)
1/2 hỗn hợp có 0,1 mol C2H2 và 0,05mol C2H4
\(BT.C:n_{CO_2}=2n_{C_2H_2}+2n_{C_2H_4}=0,3mol\\ n_{CaCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,3\\ m_{KT}=0,3.100=30g\)
PTHH: \(C_2H_4+Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_4Br_2\)
a) Ta có: \(n_{Br_2}=\dfrac{4}{160}=0,025\left(mol\right)=n_{C_2H_4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\%V_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,025}{\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}}\cdot100\%=10\%\) \(\Rightarrow\%V_{CH_4}=90\%\)
b) Theo PTHH: \(n_{C_2H_4Br_2}=n_{Br_2}=0,025mol\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{C_2H_4Br_2}=0,025\cdot188=4,7\left(g\right)\)
c) Ta có: \(n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{1}{22,4}=\dfrac{5}{112}\left(mol\right)=n_{O_2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CH_4}=\dfrac{5}{112}\cdot16\approx0,71\left(g\right)\\m_{O_2}=\dfrac{5}{112}\cdot32\approx1,43\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy 1 lít Metan nhẹ hơn 1 lít Oxi
a, \(V_{O_2}=61,6.20\%=12,32\left(l\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=\dfrac{12,32}{22,4}=0,55\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2C_2H_6+7O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}4CO_2+6H_2O\)
\(C_3H_4+4O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}3CO_2+2H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{C_2H_6}+n_{C_3H_4}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\left(1\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{7}{2}n_{C_2H_6}+4n_{C_3H_4}=0,55\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{C_2H_6}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_3H_4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{C_2H_6}=\dfrac{0,1.22,4}{3,36}.100\%\approx66,67\%\\\%V_{C_3H_4}\approx33,33\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, \(C_3H_4+2Br_2\rightarrow C_3H_4Br_4\)
Ta có: \(n_{Br_2}=2n_{C_3H_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Br_2}=0,1.60=16\left(g\right)\Rightarrow m_{ddBr_2}=\dfrac{16}{8\%}=200\left(g\right)\)
a, nBr2 = 8/160 = 0,05 (mol)
PTHH: C2H4 + Br2 -> C2H4Br2
Mol: 0,05 <--- 0,05 <--- 0,05
Vhh khí = 2,8/22,4 = 0,125 (mol)
%VC2H4 = 0,05/0,125 = 40%
%CH4 = 100% - 40% = 60%
b, nCH4 = 0,125 - 0,05 = 0,075 (mol)
PTHH: C2H4 + 3O2 -> (t°) 2CO2 + 2H2O
Mol: 0,05 ---> 0,15
CH4 + 2O2 -> (t°) CO2 + 2H2O
Mol: 0,075 ---> 0,15
Vkk = (0,15 + 0,15) . 5 . 22,4 = 33,6 (l)
nhh khí = 3,36/22,4 = 0,15 (mol)
mBr2 = 200 . 10% = 20 (g)
nBr2 = 20/160 = 0,125 (mol)
PTHH: C2H2 + 2Br2 -> C2H2Br4
Mol: 0,0625 <--- 0,125 ---> 0,0625
%VC2H2 = 0,0625/0,15 = 41,66%
%VCH4 = 100% - 41,66% = 58,34%
nCH4 = 0,15 - 0,0625 = 0,0875 (mol)
PTHH:
2C2H2 + 5O2 -> (t°) 4CO2 + 2H2O
0,0625 ---> 0,15625
CH4 + 2O2 -> (t°) CO2 + 2H2O
0,0875 ---> 0,175
Vkk = 22,4 . (0,175 + 0,15625) . 5 = 37,1 (l)