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LEARN THIS! The third conditional
a We form the third conditional with if + past perfect, would have + past participle.
If I had seen her, I would have offered her a lift.
b We use the third conditional to talk about imaginary situations and to say how things could have been different in the past.
If you hadn't gone by taxi, you 1 wouldn’t have arrived (not arrive) on time.
c We often use it to express regret or criticism.
If you 2 had left (leave) earlier, you 3 wouldn’t have been (not be) late!
2 Emma didn't catch the bus. She had to walk to school.
(Emma không bắt xe buýt. Cô phải đi bộ đến trường.)
Đáp án: If Emma had caught the bus, she wouldn't have had to walk to school.
(Nếu Emma bắt xe buýt, cô ấy sẽ không phải đi bộ đến trường.)
3 The tickets were expensive. I didn't travel by plane.
(Vé đắt. Tôi đã không đi du lịch bằng máy bay.)
Đáp án: If the tickets hadn't been expensive, I would have travelled by plane.
(Nếu vé không đắt thì tôi đã đi máy bay rồi.)
4 I ate too much. I felt ill.
(Tôi đã ăn quá nhiều. Tôi thấy mệt.)
Đáp án: If I hadn't eaten too much, I wouldn't have felt ill.
(Nếu tôi không ăn quá nhiều, tôi sẽ không thấy mệt.)
5 I spent all my money. I was broke.
(Tôi đã tiêu hết tiền của mình. Tôi đã bị cháy túi.)
Đáp án: If I hadn't spent all my money, I wouldn't have been broke.
(Nếu tôi không tiêu hết tiền thì tôi đã không bị cháy túi.)
6 I took a painkiller. My headache went away.
(Tôi đã uống thuốc giảm đau. Cơn đau đầu của tôi biến mất.)
Đáp án: If I hadn't taken a painkiller, my headache wouldn't have gone away.
(Nếu tôi không uống thuốc giảm đau, cơn đau đầu của tôi sẽ không biến mất.)
7 We didn't save a lot of money. We weren't able to buy a new car.
(Chúng tôi đã không tiết kiệm được nhiều tiền. Chúng tôi không thể mua một chiếc ô tô mới.)
Đáp án: If we had saved a lot of money, we would have been able to buy a new car.
(Nếu chúng tôi tiết kiệm được nhiều tiền, chúng tôi đã có thể mua một chiếc ô tô mới.)
Tạm dịch:
Dave: Chào Lan. Bạn đã có một kỳ nghỉ tốt?
Lan: Vâng, nó rất tuyệt, cảm ơn.
Dave: Bạn đã làm gì?
Lan: Tôi đã đi nghỉ ở thành phố với gia đình tôi.
Dave: Ở nước ngoài?
Lan: Không, chúng tôi đã đi đến Đà Nẵng.
Dave: Tuyệt. Bạn đã có khoảng thời gian vui vẻ chứ?
Lan: Vâng, chúng tôi đã đến thăm Bà Nà Hill và Phố cổ Hội An. Chúng tôi đã mua rất nhiều quà lưu niệm.
Dave: Bạn đã đi thuyền đến Cù Lao Chàm chưa?
Lan: Không, thời tiết xấu. Kì nghỉ của bạn thế nào?
Dave: Không tệ. Nhưng tôi đã không làm gì nhiều. Chúng tôi đã không đi xa. Tôi đi chơi với bạn bè của tôi. Chúng tôi đã đến một lễ hội âm nhạc và chúng tôi đã đến công viên giải trí một vài lần.
Lan: Nghe vui đấy.
Dave: Vâng, không sao đâu. Chỉ tiếc là kỳ nghỉ không còn nữa!
Lời giải:
Lan had a more enjoyable day because she spent time with her family and visited many tourist attractions.
(Lan đã có một ngày thú vị hơn vì cô ấy đã dành thời gian cho gia đình và tham quan nhiều địa điểm du lịch.)
VI. Report these sentences. Make any necessary changes to verb tense, pronouns, etc.
1. 'We have found the missing girl,' said the police last night.
=> Last night, the police said (that) they had found the missing girl.
2. 'I'll drop you from the team if you don't train harder,' said the captain.
=> The captain threatened to drop me! us from the team if I / we didn`t train harder.
3. 'I'd buy the big tin if I were you,' said the grocer.
=> The grocer advised me to buy a big tin.
4. 'Here are the car keys. You'd better wait in the car,' he said to her.
=> He gave her the car keys and advised her to wait in the car.
5. 'Why didn't you tell me about that yesterday, Peter?' Jane asked.
=> Jane asked Peter why he hadn`t told/ didn`t tell her about that the day before.
6. 'Would you please wait in the lounge till your flight number is called?' she said.
=> She asked me to wait in the lounge till my flight number was called.
7. 'I gave you my textbook last week. I insist,' Tom said.
=> Tom insisted on giving me his textbook the week before.
8. 'Could you speak more slowly, please? 1 can't understand,' he said to me.
=> He asked me to speak more slowly because he couldn`t understand.
9. 'I hope you have a good journey,' he said, 'Don't forget to send a card when you arrive.'
=> He wished me a good jouney and reminded me to send a card when I arrived/ had arrived.
10. 'I'm sorry 1 didn't phone you earlier. I was very busy,' Jill said to me.
=> Jill apologized for not phoning me earlie`r and explained that he was/ had been very busy.
11. 'It's not true! I have never been arrested!' Larry said.
=> Larry denied ever having been arrested.
12. 'Why not decorate your baby's room?' Ann said, 'If you like, I'll help you do the decorating, Sue.'
=> Ann suggested decorating the baby`s room and offered to help Sue do the decorating.
13. 'You pressed the wrong button,' said the mechanic. 'Don't do it again. You might have a nasty accident.'
=> The mechanic pointed out that I had pressed the wrong button and warned me not to do it again or I might have a nasty accident.
14. 'Can you answer the phone? I'm having shower!' he said to his son.
=> He asked his son to answer the phone because he was having shower.
15. 'Would you like a cup of coffee?' I said to Jim. 'No, thanks. I must go now,' he said.
=> I offered Jim a cup of coffee but he refused and said that he had to go then.
Đề bài là: Viết lại những câu này bằng mệnh đề tương đối với giới từ
Chuyển thành câu có Mệnh Đề Quan Hệ
Carol plays the piano brilliantly. She is only 9 years old.
=> who is only 9 years old, plays the piano brilliantly
complete the conditional sentences ( type 2 = if + past, would/could + inf)
1. if i (play) ..played. the lottery, I (have) ..would have. a chance to win
2. if i (be) ..were. rich, my life (change) .could change.. completely
Inversion:.....Were I rich, my life could change completely..............................
3. i (buy) ..would buy. a lonely island if (find) ..found.. a nice one
Inversion:........Were I to find a nice island, I would buy a lonely one...........................
4. if i (own) ..owned.. a lonely island, I (build) .would build.. a huge house by the beach
Inversion:.......Were I to own a lonely island, I would build a huge house by the beach............................
5. i (invite) ...would invite. all my friends if I (have) ..had. a house by the beach
Inversion:......Were I to have a house by the beach, I would invite all my friend.............................