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Ta có : \(\frac{1}{4^2}=\frac{1}{4.4}< \frac{1}{3.4}\)
\(\frac{1}{5^2}=\frac{1}{5.5}< \frac{1}{4.5}\)
\(\frac{1}{6^2}=\frac{1}{6.6}< \frac{1}{5.6}\)
...
\(\frac{1}{100^2}=\frac{1}{100.100}< \frac{1}{99.100}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)K<\(\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{4.5}+\frac{1}{5.6}+...+\frac{1}{99.100}\)
K<\(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{6}+...+\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{100}\)
K<\(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{100}< \frac{1}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow K< \frac{1}{3}\) (1)
Ta có : \(\frac{1}{4^2}=\frac{1}{4.4}=\frac{1}{16}\)
\(\frac{1}{5^2}=\frac{1}{5.5}>\frac{1}{5.6}\)
\(\frac{1}{6^2}=\frac{1}{6.6}>\frac{1}{6.7}\)
...
\(\frac{1}{99^2}=\frac{1}{99.99}>\frac{1}{99.100}\)
\(\frac{1}{100^2}=\frac{1}{100.100}>\frac{1}{100.101}\)
\(\Rightarrow K>\frac{1}{16}+\frac{1}{5.6}+\frac{1}{6.7}+...+\frac{1}{99.100}+\frac{1}{100.101}\)
K>\(\frac{1}{16}+\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{6}-\frac{1}{7}...+\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{100}+\frac{1}{100}-\frac{1}{101}\)
K>\(\frac{1}{16}+\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{101}>\frac{1}{5}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{5}< K< \frac{1}{3}\)
Vậy \(\frac{1}{5}< K< \frac{1}{3}.\)
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Câu hỏi của nguyễn thanh nga - Toán lớp 6 - Học toán với OnlineMath
a/ Tinh giá trị:
\(D=\left(1-\frac{1}{2}\right).\left(1-\frac{1}{3}\right).\left(1-\frac{1}{4}\right)...\left(1-\frac{1}{10}\right)\) \(\Leftrightarrow D=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{2}{3}.\frac{3}{4}...\frac{7}{8}.\frac{8}{9}.\frac{9}{10}=\frac{1}{10}\)
b/ Chứng minh:
\(E=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+\frac{1}{6^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}< \frac{1}{2}\)
- Với mọi số tự nhiên n khác không thì luôn có: \(\frac{1}{n^2}< \frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)\left(n+1\right)}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{n-1}-\frac{1}{n+1}\right)\) Do đó:
\(E=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+\frac{1}{6^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}< \frac{1}{1.3}+\frac{1}{3.5}+...+\frac{1}{99.101}=\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}-...+\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{101}\right)\)\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(1-\frac{1}{101}\right)< \frac{1}{2}\) Vậy \(E< \frac{1}{2}\)
c/ Chứng minh : \(F=\frac{1}{101}+\frac{1}{102}+\frac{1}{103}+...+\frac{1}{199}+\frac{1}{200}>\frac{7}{12}\)
\(F=\left(\frac{1}{101}+\frac{1}{102}+...+\frac{1}{150}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{151}+\frac{1}{152}+...+\frac{1}{200}\right)>\frac{50}{150}+\frac{50}{200}=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}=\frac{7}{12}\)
Vậy: \(F>\frac{7}{12}\) .
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\(\frac{1}{2^2}=\frac{1}{2.2}<\frac{1}{1.2}\)
\(\frac{1}{3^2}=\frac{1}{3.3}<\frac{1}{2.3}\)
....
\(\frac{1}{100^2}=\frac{1}{100.100}<\frac{1}{99.100}\)
do đó \(A<\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+..+\frac{1}{99.100}=\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+..+\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{100}=\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{100}=\frac{99}{100}<1\)
=>A<1
\(100-\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+....+\frac{1}{100}\right)\)
\(=(1-1)+\left(1-\frac{1}{2}\right)+\left(1-\frac{1}{3}\right)+...\left(1-\frac{1}{100}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{2}{3}...+\frac{99}{100}\)
\(\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}< \frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{99.100}\)
\(\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}< \frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{100}\)
\(\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}< \frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}< \frac{1}{2}\)
Gọi A = \(\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}\)
=> A = \(\frac{1}{3.3}+\frac{1}{4.4}+...+\frac{1}{100.100}\)
A < \(\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{99.100}\)
A < \(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{100}\)
A < \(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{100}\)
A < \(\frac{49}{100}< \frac{50}{100}=\frac{1}{2}\)
=> A < \(\frac{1}{2}\)
<=> \(\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}< \frac{1}{2}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{15}+...+\frac{1}{10000}\)
\(5A=1+\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{2000}\)
\(\rightarrow4A=1-\frac{1}{10000}\leftrightarrow A=\frac{1-\frac{1}{10000}}{4}\) TA CÓ: \(1-\frac{1}{10000}< 1< 3\)\(\rightarrow A< \frac{3}{4}\rightarrowĐPCM\)
Lời giải:
\(A=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}\)
\(2A=\frac{2}{2^2}+\frac{2}{3^2}+....+\frac{2}{100^2}\)\(<\underbrace{ \frac{2}{2^2-1}+\frac{2}{3^2-1}+\frac{2}{4^2-1}+....+\frac{2}{100^2-1}}_{M}\)
Mà:
\(M=\frac{2}{1.3}+\frac{2}{2.4}+\frac{2}{3.5}+\frac{2}{4.6}+....+\frac{2}{99.101}\)
\(=\left(\frac{2}{1.3}+\frac{2}{3.5}+...+\frac{2}{99.101}\right)+\left(\frac{2}{2.4}+\frac{2}{4.6}+...+\frac{2}{98.100}\right)\)
\(=\left(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{101}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}-....+\frac{1}{98}-\frac{1}{100}\right)\)
\(=\left(1-\frac{1}{101}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{100}\right)=\frac{3}{2}-\frac{1}{101}-\frac{1}{100}< \frac{3}{2}\)
Do đó: $2A< \frac{3}{2}\Rightarrow A< \frac{3}{4}$