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\(B=1+5+5^2+5^3+...+5^{2008}+5^{2009}\)
\(\Rightarrow 5B=5+5^2+5^3+5^4+...+5^{2009}+5^{2010}\)
Trừ theo vế:
\(5B-B=(5+5^2+5^3+5^4+...+5^{2009}+5^{2010})-(1+5+5^2+...+5^{2009})\)
\(4B=5^{2010}-1\)
\(B=\frac{5^{2010}-1}{4}\)
\(S=\frac{3^0+1}{2}+\frac{3^1+1}{2}+\frac{3^2+1}{2}+..+\frac{3^{n-1}+1}{2}\)
\(=\frac{3^0+3^1+3^2+...+3^{n-1}}{2}+\frac{\underbrace{1+1+...+1}_{n}}{2}\)
\(=\frac{3^0+3^1+3^2+..+3^{n-1}}{2}+\frac{n}{2}\)
Đặt \(X=3^0+3^1+3^2+..+3^{n-1}\)
\(\Rightarrow 3X=3^1+3^2+3^3+...+3^{n}\)
Trừ theo vế:
\(3X-X=3^n-3^0=3^n-1\)
\(\Rightarrow X=\frac{3^n-1}{2}\). Do đó \(S=\frac{3^n-1}{4}+\frac{n}{2}\)
Ta có :
\(\dfrac{1}{5^2}< \dfrac{1}{4.5}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{6^2}< \dfrac{1}{5.6}\)
..............
\(\dfrac{1}{100^2}< \dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{5^2}+\dfrac{1}{6^2}+.....+\dfrac{1}{100^2}< \dfrac{1}{4.5}+\dfrac{1}{5.6}+....+\dfrac{1}{99.100}=\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{6}+....+\dfrac{1}{99}-\dfrac{1}{100}=\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{100}< \dfrac{1}{4}\left(1\right)\)
Lại có :
\(\dfrac{1}{5^2}>\dfrac{1}{5.6}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{6^2}>\dfrac{1}{6.7}\)
..............
\(\dfrac{1}{100^2}>\dfrac{1}{100.101}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{5^2}+\dfrac{1}{6^2}+......+\dfrac{1}{100^2}>\dfrac{1}{5.6}+\dfrac{1}{6.7}+.....+\dfrac{1}{100.101}=\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{6}+\dfrac{1}{6}-\dfrac{1}{7}+....+\dfrac{1}{100}-\dfrac{1}{101}=\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{101}>\dfrac{1}{6}\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{6}< \dfrac{1}{5^2}+\dfrac{1}{6^2}+....+\dfrac{1}{100^2}< \dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+......+\frac{1}{5^{100}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5A=1+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+.....+\frac{1}{5^{99}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5A-A=\left(1+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+....+\frac{1}{5^{99}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+....+\frac{1}{5^{100}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4A=1-\frac{1}{5^{100}}< 1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A< \frac{1}{4}\left(đpcm\right)\)