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Đặt \(P=\frac{x^3}{y+z}+\frac{y+z}{4}\ge x;\frac{y^2}{z+x}+\frac{z+x}{4}\ge y;\frac{z^2}{x+y}+\frac{x+y}{4}\ge z\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge x+y+x-\frac{x+y+z}{2}=\frac{x+y+z}{2}=\frac{4}{2}=2\)
Đặt: \(\frac{x-y}{z}+\frac{y-z}{x}+\frac{z-x}{y}=M\)
Ta có:
\(M\cdot\frac{z}{x-y}=1+\frac{z}{x-y}\cdot\left(\frac{y-z}{x}+\frac{z-x}{y}\right)=1+\frac{z}{x-y}\cdot\frac{y^2-yz+xz-x^2}{xy}\)
\(=1+\frac{z}{x-y}\cdot\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(z-x-y\right)}{xy}=1+\frac{2z^2}{xyz}=1+\frac{2z^3}{xyz}\) (1)
Tương tự ta cũng có:
\(M\cdot\frac{x}{y-z}=1+\frac{2x^3}{xyz}\) (2)
\(M\cdot\frac{y}{z-x}=1+\frac{2y^3}{xyz}\) (3)
Từ (1);(2);(3) suy ra
\(M\cdot\left(\frac{z}{x-y}+\frac{x}{y-z}+\frac{y}{z-x}\right)=3+\frac{2\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)}{xyz}\)
Mà \(x+y+z=0\Rightarrow x^3+y^3+z^3=3xyz\)
Nên:
\(M\cdot\left(\frac{z}{x-y}+\frac{x}{y-z}+\frac{y}{z-x}\right)=3+\frac{2\cdot3xyz}{xyz}=9\)
=>đpcm
đặt \(\frac{x-y}{z}=a;\frac{y-z}{x}=b;\frac{z-x}{y}=c\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{z}{x-y}=\frac{1}{a};\frac{x}{y-z}=\frac{1}{b};\frac{y}{z-x}=\frac{1}{c}\)
Ta có : \(A=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(A=1+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{c}{a}+\frac{a}{b}+1+\frac{c}{b}+\frac{a}{c}+\frac{b}{c}+1=3+\frac{b+c}{a}+\frac{a+c}{b}+\frac{a+b}{c}\)
Ta có : \(\frac{b+c}{a}=\left(b+c\right)\frac{1}{a}=\left(\frac{y-z}{x}+\frac{z-x}{y}\right)\frac{z}{x-y}=\frac{y^2-yz+xz-x^2}{xy}.\frac{z}{x-y}=\frac{\left(y-x\right)\left(x+y-z\right)}{xy}.\frac{z}{x-y}=\frac{\left(z-x-y\right)z}{xy}=\frac{2z^2}{xy}\)vì x + y + z = 0 \(\Rightarrow\)z = -x - y
Tương tự : \(\frac{a+c}{b}=\frac{2x^2}{yz}\); \(\frac{a+b}{c}=\frac{2y^2}{xz}\)
\(\frac{b+c}{a}+\frac{a+c}{b}+\frac{a+b}{c}=\frac{2z^2}{xy}+\frac{2x^2}{yz}+\frac{2y^2}{xz}=\frac{2\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)}{xyz}=\frac{2.3xyz}{xyz}=6\)( vì x + y + z = 0 \(\Rightarrow\)x3 + y3 + z3 = 3xyz )
Vậy A = 3 + 6 = 9
Áp dụng BĐ Svac-xơ, ta có
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{9}{x+y+z}=\frac{9}{6}=\frac{3}{2}\left(ĐPCM\right)\)
^_^
\(\frac{x+y}{z}+\frac{y+z}{x}+\frac{z+x}{y}\)
\(=\frac{x}{z}+\frac{y}{z}+\frac{y}{x}+\frac{z}{x}+\frac{z}{y}+\frac{x}{y}\)
\(=\left(\frac{x}{z}+\frac{z}{x}\right)+\left(\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{y}\right)+\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\frac{x+y}{z}+\frac{y+z}{x}+\frac{z+x}{y}\ge2.\sqrt{\frac{x}{z}.\frac{z}{x}}+2.\sqrt{\frac{x}{y}.\frac{y}{x}}+2.\sqrt{\frac{y}{z}.\frac{z}{y}}=2+2+2=6\)
đpcm
Svac-xơ
\(VT=\left(\frac{x+y}{z}+1\right)+\left(\frac{y+z}{x}+1\right)+\left(\frac{z+x}{y}+1\right)-3\)
\(VT=\frac{x+y+z}{x}+\frac{x+y+z}{y}+\frac{x+y+z}{z}-3=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)-3\)
\(\ge\left(x+y+z\right).\frac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{x+y+z}-3=9-3=6\)