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a) 20062006 - 20062005 = 20062005 x 2006 - 20062005 = 20062005 x (2006 - 1) = 20062005 x 2005 chia hết cho 2005 => 20062006 - 20062005 chia hết cho 2005.
b) 79m+1 - 79m = 79m x 79 - 79m = 79m x (79 - 1) = 79m x 78 chia hết cho 78 => 79m+1 - 79m chia hết cho 78.
c) 257 + 513 = (52)7 + 513 = 514 + 513 = 512 x 5 x (5 + 1) = 512 x 5 x 6 = 512 x 30 chia hết cho 30 => 257 + 513 chia hết cho 30.
d) 106 - 57 = (2 x 5)6 - 57 = 26 x 56 - 57 = 56 x (26 - 5) = 56 x (64 - 5) = 56 x 49 chia hết cho 49 => 106 - 57 chia hết cho 49.
e) 710 - 79 - 78 = 78 x (72 - 7 - 1) = 78 x (49 - 7 - 1) = 78 x 41 chia hết cho 41 => 710 - 79 - 78 chia hết cho 41.
f)817 - 279 - 913 = (34)7 - (33)9 - (32)13 = 328 - 327 - 326 = 324 x 32 x (32 - 3 - 1) = 324 x 9 x 5 = 324 x 45 chia hết cho 45 => 817 - 279 - 913 chia hết cho 45.
\(81^7-27^9-9^{13}=\left(3^4\right)^7-\left(3^3\right)^9-\left(3^2\right)^{13}\)
\(=3^{28}-3^{27}-3^{26}\)
\(=\left(3^{26}.3^2\right)-\left(3^{26}.3\right)-3^{26}\)
\(=3^{26}\left(3^2-3-1\right)\)
\(=3^{26}.5\)
\(=3^{22}.3^3.5\)
\(=3^{22}.405⋮405\)
\(\Leftrightarrow81^7-27^9-9^{13}⋮405\rightarrowđpcm\)
\(81^7-27^9-9^{13}\)
\(=3^{28}-3^{27}-3^{26}\)
\(=\left(3^4\right)^7-\left(3^3\right)^9-\left(3^2\right)^{13}\)
\(=\left(3^{26}.3^2\right)-\left(3^{26}.3\right)-\left(3^{26}.1\right)\)
\(=3^{26}\left(3^2-3-1\right)\)
\(=3^{26}.5\)
\(=3^{22}\left(2^3.5\right)\)
\(=3^{22}.405⋮405\)
\(\Leftrightarrow81^7-27^9-9^{13}⋮405\)
\(\rightarrowđpcm\)
Lời giải:
1)
Ta có : \(A=81^7-27^9-9^{13}=(3^4)^7-(3^3)^9-(3^2)^{13}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=3^{28}-3^{27}-3^{26}=3^{26}(3^2-3-1)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=5.3^{26}=405.3^{22}\)
Do đó \(A\vdots 405\) (đpcm)
2)
Ta thấy : \(12^{2}\equiv 11\pmod {133}\)
\(\Rightarrow 12^{2n+1}\equiv 11^{n}.12\pmod {133}\)
\(\Rightarrow 12^{2n+1}+11^{n+2}\equiv 11^n.12+11^{n+2}\pmod {133}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 12^{2n+1}+11^{n+2}\equiv 11^n(12+11^2)\equiv 11^n.133\equiv 0\pmod {133}\)
Do đó: \(12^{2n+1}+11^{n+2}\vdots 133\) (đpcm)
3)
Ta thấy \(A=5x+2y;B=9x+7y\Rightarrow 3A+4B=51x+34y\)
Vì \(51\vdots 17;34\vdots 17\Rightarrow 3A+4B\vdots 17\)
Nếu \(A\vdots 17\Rightarrow 4B\vdots 17\). Mà $(4,17)$ nguyên tố cùng nhau nên \(B\vdots 17\)
Do đó ta có đpcm.
\(81^7-27^9-9^{13}\)
\(=\left(3^4\right)^7-\left(3^3\right)^9-\left(3^2\right)^{13}\)
\(=3^{28}-3^{27}-3^{26}\)
\(=3^{26}\left(3^2-3-1\right)\)
\(=3^{26}.5\)
\(=3^{22}.3^4.5=3^{22}.405⋮405\)
\(12^{2n+1}+11^{n+2}\)
\(=144^n.12+11^n.121\)
\(=144^n.12-11^n.12+11^n.133\)
\(=\left(144^n-11^n\right).12+11^n.133\)
Ta có: \(a^n-b^n⋮a-b\Rightarrow144^n-11^n⋮133\)
Vậy \(12^{2n+1}+11^{n+2}⋮133\)