Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
Ta có:
m2+n2+p2+q2+1-mn+mp+mq+m
\(=\left(\dfrac{m^2}{4}-mn+n^2\right)+\left(\dfrac{m^2}{4}-mp+p^2\right)+\left(\dfrac{m^2}{4}-mq+q^2\right)+\left(\dfrac{m^2}{4}-m+1\right)\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{m}{2}-n\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{m}{2}-p\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{m}{2}-q\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{m}{2}-1\right)^2\)
mà \(\left(\dfrac{m}{2}-n\right)^2\ge0;\left(\dfrac{m}{2}-p\right)^2\ge0;\left(\dfrac{m}{2}-q\right)^2\ge0;\left(\dfrac{m}{2}-1\right)^2\ge0\)
=> \(\left(\dfrac{m}{2}-n\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{m}{2}-p\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{m}{2}-q\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{m}{2}-1\right)^2\ge0\)
<=> m2+n2+p2+q2+1-mn+mp+mq+m \(\ge0\)
<=> m2+n2+p2+q2+1\(\ge\) mn+mp+mq+m
<=> m2+n2+p2+q2+1\(\ge\) m(n+p+q+1)
Vậy m2+n2+p2+q2+1\(\ge\) m(n+p+q+1) với mọi m, n, p, q
Giải:
Ta có:
\(m^2+n^2+p^2+q^2+1\ge m\left(n+p+q+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{m^2}{4}-mn+n^2\right)+\left(\dfrac{m^2}{4}-mp+p^2\right)+\left(\dfrac{m^2}{4}-mq+q^2\right)+\left(\dfrac{m^2}{4}-m+1\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{m}{2}-n\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{m}{2}-p\right)^2\) \(+\left(\dfrac{m}{2}-q\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{m}{2}-1\right)^2\) \(\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{m}{2}-n=0\\\dfrac{m}{2}-p=0\\\dfrac{m}{2}-q=0\\\dfrac{m}{2}-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n=\dfrac{m}{2}\\p=\dfrac{m}{2}\\q=\dfrac{m}{2}\\m=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m=2\\n=p=q=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(m^2+n^2+p^2+q^2+1\ge m\left(n+p+q+1\right)\) (Đpcm)
Câu 1: Dùng biến đổi tương đương:
a/ \(3\left(m+1\right)+m< 4\left(2+m\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3m+3+m< 8+4m\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4m+3< 8+4m\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3< 8\) (đúng), vậy BĐT ban đầu là đúng
b/ \(\left(m-2\right)^2>m\left(m-4\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow m^2-4m+4>m^2-4m\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4>0\) (đúng), vậy BĐT ban đầu đúng
Câu 2:
a/ \(b\left(b+a\right)\ge ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b^2+ab\ge ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng), vậy BĐT ban đầu đúng
b/ \(a^2-ab+b^2\ge ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Câu 3:
a/ \(10a^2-5a+1\ge a^2+a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9a^2-6a+1\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3a-1\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
b/ \(a^2-a\le50a^2-15a+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow49a^2-14a+1\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(7a-1\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Câu 4:
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}}=\frac{\sqrt{n}}{n\left(n+1\right)}=\sqrt{n}\left(\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1}\right)=\left(1+\frac{\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)< 2\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT=\frac{1}{2\sqrt{1}}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{2}}+...+\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT< 2\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT< 2\left(1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)< 2\)
a/ \(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b\)
b/ \(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2\ge2ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2-2ab\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b\)
c/ \(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2a< a^2+2a+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow0< 1\) (hiển nhiên đúng)
d/ \(\Leftrightarrow m^2-2m+1+n^2-2n+1\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(m-1\right)^2+\left(n-1\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(m=n=1\)
e/ \(\Leftrightarrow1+\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}+1\ge4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2+b^2}{ab}\ge2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2\ge2ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
\(VT\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2\)
\(VT\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c+\frac{9}{a+b+c}\right)^3=\frac{100}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
a)
\(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+m^2-a(b+c+d+m)\)
\(=\frac{4a^2+4b^2+4c^2+4d^2+4m^2-4a(b+c+d+m)}{4}\)
\(=\frac{(a^2+4b^2-4ab)+(a^2+4c^2-4ac)+(a^2+4d^2-4ad)+(a^2+4m^2-4am)}{4}\)
\(=\frac{(a-2b)^2+(a-2c)^2+(a-2d)^2+(a-2m)^2}{4}\geq 0\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=2b=2c=2d=2m\)
b)
Xét hiệu
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}-\frac{4}{x+y}=\frac{x+y}{xy}-\frac{4}{x+y}=\frac{(x+y)^2-4xy}{xy(x+y)}\)
\(=\frac{x^2+y^2-2xy}{xy(x+y)}=\frac{(x-y)^2}{xy(x+y)}\geq 0, \forall x,y>0\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\geq \frac{4}{x+y}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $x=y$
c)
Xét hiệu:
\((a^2+c^2)(b^2+d^2)-(ab+cd)^2\)
\(=(a^2b^2+a^2d^2+c^2b^2+c^2d^2)-(a^2b^2+2abcd+c^2d^2)\)
\(=a^2d^2-2abcd+b^2c^2=(ad-bc)^2\geq 0\)
\(\Rightarrow (a^2+c^2)(b^2+d^2)\geq (ab+cd)^2\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(ad=bc\)
d)
Xét hiệu:
\(a^2+b^2-(a+b-\frac{1}{2})=a^2+b^2-a-b+\frac{1}{2}\)
\(=(a^2-a+\frac{1}{4})+(b^2-b+\frac{1}{4})\)
\(=(a-\frac{1}{2})^2+(b-\frac{1}{2})^2\geq 0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2\geq a+b-\frac{1}{2}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
a/ \(\frac{1}{1+x^2}+\frac{1}{1+y^2}\ge\frac{2}{1+xy}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1+xy\right)\left(2+x^2+y^2\right)\ge2\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2+x^2+y^2+2xy+xy\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge2+2x^2+2y^2+2x^2y^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xy\left(x^2+y^2-2xy\right)-\left(x^2+y^2-2xy\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(xy-1\right)\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
b/ Để biểu thức xác định \(\Rightarrow x\ne0\Rightarrow x^2\ge1\)
\(4=\frac{y^2}{4}+x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}+x^2\ge\frac{y^2}{4}+2\sqrt{\frac{x^2}{x^2}}+1\ge\frac{y^2}{4}+3\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{y^2}{4}\le1\Rightarrow y^2\le4\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y^2=0\\y^2=1\\y^2=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(y^2=0\Rightarrow2x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}=4\Rightarrow2x^4-4x^2+1=0\) (ko tồn tại x nguyên tm)
\(y^2=1\Rightarrow2x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}=3\Rightarrow2x^4-3x^2+1=0\Rightarrow x^2=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x;y\right)=...\)
\(y^2=4\Rightarrow2x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}=0\Rightarrow\) ko tồn tại x thỏa mãn
a ) \(\left(8x-4x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+2x+1\right)=4\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8x^3-4x^4-x^2+16x^2-8x^3-2x+8x-4x^2-1=4x^2+4x+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-4x^4+11x^2+6x-1=4x^2+4x+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-4x^4+7x^2+2x-5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-4x^3\left(x-1\right)-4x^2\left(x-1\right)+3x\left(x-1\right)+5\left(x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(-4x^3-4x^2+3x+5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left[-4x^2\left(x-1\right)-8x\left(x-1\right)-5\left(x-1\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2\left(4x^2+8x+5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\4x^2+8x+5=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\\left(2x+2\right)^2+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\\left(2x+2\right)^2=-1\left(VL\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy ...
b ) Giả sử : \(a^2+b^2+\left(\frac{ab+1}{a+b}\right)^2\ge2\)
thì \(a^2+b^2+\left(\frac{ab+1}{a+b}\right)^2-2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(\frac{ab+1}{a+b}\right)^2-2\left(ab+1\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b-\frac{ab+1}{a+b}\right)^2\ge0\) ( luôn đúng )
=> Điều giả sử là đúng
=> ĐPCM
\(m^2+n^2+\frac{1}{4}\ge2mn+m-n\)
\(\Leftrightarrow m^2+n^2+\frac{1}{4}-2mn-m+n\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow m^2+n^2+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-2mn-2.\frac{1}{2}m+2.\frac{1}{2}n\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(n-m+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\)
Biểu thức cuối luôn đúng mà ta biến đổi tương đương nên ta có đpcm.
m2 + n2 + 1/4 ≥ 2mn + m - n
<=> 4m2 + 4n2 + 1 ≥ 8mn + 4m - 4n
<=> 4m2 + 4n2 + 1 - 8mn + 4m - 4n ≥ 0
<=> ( 2m - 2n + 1 )2 ≥ 0 ( đúng )
Vậy ta có đpcm