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1.
\(A=\frac{x^2-x+2}{x-2}=\frac{x(x-2)+(x-2)+4}{x-2}=x+1+\frac{4}{x-2}\)
Với $x$ nguyên, để $A$ nguyên thì $\frac{4}{x-2}$ nguyên.
Điều này xảy ra khi $4\vdots x-2$
$\Rightarrow x-2\in \left\{\pm 1; \pm 2; \pm 4\right\}$
$\Rightarrow x\in \left\{3; 1; 0; 4; 6; -2\right\}$
2.
\(P=\frac{8x^3-12x^2+6x-1}{4x^2-4x+1}=\frac{(2x-1)^3}{(2x-1)^2}=2x-1\)
Với $x$ nguyên thì $P=2x-1$ nguyên.
$\Rightarrow P$ nguyên với mọi giá trị $x$ nguyên.
A) x2+4y22+z22-4x-6z+15>0 <=> (x2-2×2×x+22)+4y2+(z2-2×3×z+32) +(15 -22-32) >0
<=>(x-2)2+4y22+(z-3)2
B) giải
(2X)2+ 2×2X×1 +1 >=0 với mọi X ( (2x+1)2 )
=> (2x+1)2+2 >0
a) \(\dfrac{x^2-y^2}{x^2-y^2+xz-yz}=\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)+z\left(x-y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y+z\right)}=\dfrac{x+y}{x+y+z}\)
b) \(\dfrac{x^2+y^2-z^2+2xy}{x^2+z^2-y^2-2xz}=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2-z^2}{\left(x-z\right)^2-y^2}=\dfrac{\left(x+y-z\right)\left(x+y+z\right)}{\left(x-y-z\right)\left(x-z+y\right)}\)\(=\dfrac{x+y+z}{x-y-z}\)
c) \(\dfrac{x^2\left(x-3\right)-\left(x-3\right)}{x\left(x-3\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}{x\left(x-3\right)}=\dfrac{x^2-1}{x}\)
d) \(\dfrac{4x^2\left(x-2\right)+3\left(x-2\right)}{4x^2\left(3x+1\right)+3\left(3x+1\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)\left(4x^2+3\right)}{\left(3x+1\right)\left(4x^2+3\right)}=\dfrac{x-2}{3x+1}\)
a: Thiếu vế phải rồi bạn
b: \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+y}{xy}>=\dfrac{4}{x+y}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2>=4xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2>=0\)(luôn đúng)
B1) Từ \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{xy+yz+zx}{xyz}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow xy+yz+zx=0\)
Ta có \(\left(x+y+z\right)^2=x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
\(=x^2+y^2+z^2+2.0\)
\(=x^2+y^2+z^2\left(đpcm\right)\)
B2) \(a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2=2ab+2bc+2ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ca+a^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
Vì \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\forall a;b\\\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0\forall b;c\\\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\forall c;a\end{cases}\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=b\\b=c\\c=a\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\left(đpcm\right)}\)
\(a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right).2=\left(ab+bc+ca\right).2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
Ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\forall a,b\\\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0\forall b,c\\\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\forall a,c\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\forall a,b,c\)
Mà \(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(a-b\right)^2=0\\\left(b-c\right)^2=0\\\left(c-a\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\c-a=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=b\\b=c\\c=a\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
Vậy \(a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ca\)thì \(a=b=c\)
Bài này có nhiều cách, có thể dùng đồng nhất hệ số để chứng minh số tìm được là số nguyên.
\(A=x^4-4x^3-2x^2+12x+9=x^4-2x^3-2x^3-3x^2-3x^2+4x^2+6x+6x+9\)
\(=x^4-2x^3-3x^2-2x^3+4x^2+6x-3x^2+6x+9=x^2\left(x^2-2x-3\right)-2x\left(x^2-2x-3\right)-3\left(x^2-2x-3\right)\)
\(\left(x^2-2x-3\right)\left(x^2-2x-3\right)=\left(x^2-2x-3\right)^2=\left(\left(x-3\right)\left(x+1\right)\right)^2\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(\dfrac{x^4+3x^3+3x^2+x}{2x^2+4x+2}=\dfrac{x^4+x^3+2x^3+2x^2+x^2+x}{2\left(x+1\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^3\left(x+1\right)+2x^2\left(x+1\right)+x\left(x+1\right)}{2\left(x+1\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^3+2x^2+x\right)}{2\left(x+1\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x\left(x+1\right)^2\cdot\left(x+1\right)}{2\left(x+1\right)^2}=\dfrac{x\left(x+1\right)}{2}\)
Vì x;x+1 là hai số liên tiếp
nên \(x\left(x+1\right)⋮2\)
=>x(x+1)/2 là số nguyên
\(A=\dfrac{x^3-4x^2+4x+3x^2-12x+12}{x^2-4x+4}\)
\(=\dfrac{x\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+3\left(x^2-4x+4\right)}{x^2-4x+4}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-4x+4\right)}{x^2-4x+4}=x+3\)
\(\Rightarrow A\in Z\)