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\(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+e^2\ge ab+ac+ad+ae\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{4}a^2-ab+b^2\right)+\left(\frac{1}{4}a^2-ac+c^2\right)+\left(\frac{1}{4}a^2-ad+d^2\right)+\left(\frac{1}{4}a^2-ae+e^2\right)\ge0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{2}a-b\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{2}a-c\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{2}a-d\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{2}a-e\right)^2\ge0\)*đúng*
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = 2b = 2c = 2d = 2e
Lời giải:
Biến đổi tương đương:
\(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2\geq ab+ac+ad\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 2a^2+2b^2+2c^2+2d^2\geq 2ab+2ac+2ad\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (\frac{a^2}{2}+2b^2-2ab)+(\frac{a^2}{2}+2c^2-2ac)+(\frac{a^2}{2}+d^2-2ad)+\frac{a^2}{2}\geq 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{a^2+4b^2-4ab}{2}+\frac{a^2+4c^2-4ac}{2}+\frac{a^2+4d^2-4ad}{2}+\frac{a^2}{2}\geq 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{(a-2b)^2}{2}+\frac{(a-2c)^2}{2}+\frac{(a-2d)^2}{2}+\frac{a^2}{2}\geq 0\)
(luôn đúng)
Do đó ta có đpcm
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi $a=b=c=d=0$
\(1.\left(a-1\right)^2+\left(b-1\right)^2+\left(c-1\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+3\ge2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
\(2.\left(\frac{a}{2}-b\right)^2+\left(\frac{a}{2}-c\right)^2+\left(\frac{a}{2}-d\right)^2+\frac{a^2}{4}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2\ge a\left(b+c+d\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=0\)
\(3.\left(\frac{a}{2}-b\right)^2+\left(\frac{a}{2}-c\right)^2+\left(\frac{a}{2}-d\right)^2+\left(\frac{a}{2}-e\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+e^2\ge a\left(b+c+d+e\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\frac{a}{2}=b=c=d=e\)
4. Ta có: \(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow a^2+b^2\ge2ab\)
\(\left(c-d\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow c^2+d^2\ge2cd\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2\ge2ab+2cd\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+ab+cd\ge3ab+3cd\)
Ta lại có:\(\left(\sqrt{ab}-\sqrt{cd}\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow ab+cd\ge2\sqrt{abcd}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(ab+cd\right)\ge6\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+ab+cd\ge3\left(ab+cd\right)\ge6\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=b\\c=d\\ab=cd\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=d\)
bài 1. ta có
\(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2\ge ab+ac+ad\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b^2+ab+\frac{a^2}{4}+c^2+ac+\frac{a^2}{4}+d^2+ad+\frac{a^2}{4}+\frac{a^2}{4}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(b+\frac{a}{2}\right)^2+\left(c+\frac{a}{2}\right)^2+\left(d+\frac{a}{2}\right)^2+\frac{a^2}{4}\ge0\) luôn đúng
Bài 2
ta có \(\frac{a^5}{b^5}+1+1+1+1\ge\frac{5.a}{b}\) (bất đẳng thức cauchy)
Tương tự ta có \(\frac{b^5}{c^5}+4\ge\frac{5b}{c};\frac{c^5}{a^5}+4\ge\frac{5c}{a}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^5}{b^5}+\frac{b^5}{c^5}+\frac{c^5}{a^5}\ge5\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)-12\)
Mà dễ dàng chứng minh \(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\ge3\)
Nên ta có \(\Rightarrow\frac{a^5}{b^5}+\frac{b^5}{c^5}+\frac{c^5}{a^5}\ge5\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)-12\ge\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\)
bài 1 : \(^{a^2+B^2+C^2+D^2}\)>hoặc =ab+ac+ad
\(^{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)- ab-ac-ad>hoặc = 0
\((\frac{1}{4}^{a^2-ab+b^2})+(\frac{1}{4}^{a^2-ac+c^2})+(\frac{1}{4}^{a^2-ad+d^2})\)>hoặc =0
\((\frac{1}{2}a-b)^2+(\frac{1}{2}a-c)^2+(\frac{1}{2}a-d)^2>=0\)
Vì \((\frac{1}{2}a-b)^2>=0\)với mọi \(A,b\varepsilon n\)
=> đpcm tự kết luận
a.
\(2\left(a^4+b^4\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)\left(a^3+b^3\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^4+2b^4\ge a^4+ab^3+a^3b+b^4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4+b^4\ge ab^3+a^3b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4-a^3b+b^4-ab^3\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3\left(a-b\right)-b^3\left(a-b\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a^3-b^3\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\ge0\)(*)
Mà \(a^2+ab+b^2=\left(a^2+2\cdot a\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}b+\dfrac{b^2}{4}\right)+\dfrac{3b^2}{4}=\left(a+\dfrac{b}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3b^2}{4}\ge0\)
Suy ra (*) đúng => đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = b
b.
\(3\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3a^4+3b^4+3c^4\ge a^4+ab^3+ac^3+a^3b+b^4+bc^3+a^3c+b^3c+c^4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^4+2b^4+2c^4\ge ab^3+a^3b+b^3c+bc^3+ca^3+c^3a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^4+b^4\right)+\left(b^4+c^4\right)+\left(c^4+a^4\right)\ge\left(a^3b+ab^3\right)+\left(b^3c+bc^3\right)+\left(c^3a+ca^3\right)\)
Theo câu a. thì điều này đúng
Dấu "=" khi a=b=c
ae vứt 1 ab ra nha
\(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+e^2\ge ab+ac+ad+ae\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+e^2\ge a\left(b+c+d+e\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+e^2\right)\ge4a\left(b+c+d+e\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-4ab+4b^2\right)+\left(a^2-4ac+4c^2\right)+\left(a^2-4ad+4d^2\right)+\left(a^2-4ac+4c^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2b\right)^2+\left(a-2c\right)^2+\left(a-2d\right)^2+\left(a-2e\right)^2\ge0\)
Bất đẳng thức đúng vậy ta có điều phải chứng minh