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\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\\\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(\dfrac{a}{c}\right)^2=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}\\\left(\dfrac{a}{c}\right)^2=\dfrac{ab}{cd}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}\)
\(\dfrac{a+5}{a-5}=\dfrac{b+6}{b-6}\Leftrightarrow\left(a+5\right)\left(b-6\right)=\left(a-5\right)\left(b+6\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow ab-6a+5b-30=ab+6a-5b-30\\ \Leftrightarrow12a=10b\\ \Leftrightarrow6a=5b\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{5}{6}\)
Sửa: CMR \(\dfrac{a^3+c^3+m^3}{b^3+d^3+n^3}=\left(\dfrac{a+c-m}{b+d-n}\right)^3\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{m}{n}=k\Rightarrow a=kb;c=kd;m=kn\)
\(\dfrac{a^3+c^3+m^3}{b^3+d^3+n^3}=\dfrac{k^3b^3+k^3d^3+k^3n^3}{b^3+d^3+n^3}=\dfrac{k^3\left(b^3+d^3+n^3\right)}{b^3+d^3+n^3}=k^3\)
\(\left(\dfrac{a+c-m}{b+d-m}\right)^3=\left(\dfrac{kb+kd-kn}{b+d-n}\right)^3=\left(\dfrac{k\left(b+d-n\right)}{b+d-n}\right)^3=k^3\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^3+c^3+m^3}{b^3+d^3+n^3}=\left(\dfrac{a+c-m}{b+d-n}\right)^3\left(=k^3\right)\)
c) \(\dfrac{x+4}{20}=\dfrac{5}{x+4}\)
⇔\(\left(x+4\right)\left(x+4\right)=100\)
⇔\(\left(x+4\right)^2=10^2\)
⇔\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+4=10\\x+4=-10\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇔\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=6\\x=-14\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(c,ĐK:x\ne-4\\ PT\Leftrightarrow\left(x+4\right)^2=100\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+4=10\\x+4=-10\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=6\left(tm\right)\\x=-14\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ d,ĐK:x\ne-2;x\ne-3\\ PT\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)=\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2+2x-3=x^2-4\\ \Leftrightarrow2x=-1\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\left(tm\right)\)
a) \(\dfrac{x-3}{x+5}=\dfrac{5}{7}\)
⇔\(7\left(x-3\right)=5\left(x+5\right)\)
⇔\(7x-21=5x+25\)
⇔\(7x-21-5x-25=0\)
⇔\(2x-46=0\)
⇔\(2x=46\)
⇔\(x=23\)
a) Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:
\(\dfrac{x}{7}=\dfrac{y}{13}=\dfrac{x+y}{7+13}=\dfrac{40}{20}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2.7=14\\y=2.13=26\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(\dfrac{3}{x}=\dfrac{7}{y}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{7}\)
Và \(x+16=y\Rightarrow y-x=16\)
Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:
\(\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{7}=\dfrac{y-x}{7-3}=\dfrac{16}{4}=4\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=4.3=12\\y=4.7=28\end{matrix}\right.\)
Áp dụng công thức tỉ lệ phân số ta có :
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}=\dfrac{c^2}{d^2}=\dfrac{ac}{bd}\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{b}{a}=\dfrac{d}{c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1+\dfrac{b}{a}=1+\dfrac{d}{c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{a}=\dfrac{c+d}{c}\)
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)
Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:
\(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{a}=\dfrac{c+d}{c}\)