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Ta có :
M = \(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{99}}\)
3M = \(1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{98}}\)
3M - M = ( \(1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{98}}\)) - ( \(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{99}}\))
2M = \(1-\frac{1}{3^{99}}< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\frac{1-\frac{1}{3^{99}}}{2}< \frac{1}{2}\)
3M=1+1/3+1/3^2+....+1/3^98
2M=3M-M=(1+1/3+1/3^2+....+1/3^98)-(1/3+1/3^2+....+1/3^99) = 1-1/3^99 < 1
=> M < 1/2
=> ĐPCM
k mk nha
3C = 1+1/3+1/3^2+....+1/3^98
2C = 3C - C = (1+1/3+1/3^2+...+1/3^98) - (1/3+1/3^2+1/3^3+...+1/3^99) = 1- 1/3^99 < 1
=> C < 1/2
k mk nha
\(3C=1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+....+\frac{1}{3^{98}}\)
\(2C=3C-C=1-\frac{1}{3^{99}}\Rightarrow C=\left(1-\frac{1}{3^{99}}\right):2=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2.3^{99}}< \frac{1}{2}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{2!}+\frac{2}{3!}+...+\frac{99}{100!}\)
\(=\frac{2-1}{2!}+\frac{3-1}{3!}+...+\frac{100-1}{100!}\)
\(=\frac{2}{2!}-\frac{1}{2!}+...+\frac{100}{100!}-\frac{1}{100!}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-...-\frac{1}{100!}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{100!}=\frac{99!}{100!}< 1\)
\(A=\frac{1}{2\text{!}}+\frac{2}{3\text{!}}+...+\frac{99}{100\text{!}}=\frac{2-1}{2\text{!}}+\frac{3-1}{3\text{!}}+...+\frac{100-1}{100\text{!}}\)
\(=\frac{2}{2\text{!}}-\frac{1}{2\text{!}}+\frac{3}{3\text{!}}-\frac{1}{3\text{!}}+...+\frac{100}{100\text{!}}-\frac{1}{100\text{!}}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{2\text{ }}+\frac{1}{2}-...-\frac{1}{100\text{!}}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{100\text{!}}=\frac{99}{100\text{!}}< 1\)
B=\(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+\frac{1}{3^4}+.....+\frac{1}{3^{2012}}+\frac{1}{3^{2013}}\)
3B=\(1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+.....+\frac{1}{3^{2011}}+\frac{1}{3^{2012}}\)
3B-B=\(\left(1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+....+\frac{1}{3^{2011}}+\frac{1}{3^{2012}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+....+\frac{1}{3^{2012}}+\frac{1}{3^{2013}}\right)\)
2B=\(1-\frac{1}{3^{2013}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2B< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow B< \frac{1}{2}\)
\(B=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2013}}\)
\(3B=\frac{1}{3}.3+\frac{1}{3^2}.3+\frac{1}{3^3}.3+...+\frac{1}{3^{2013}}.3\)
\(3B=1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2012}}\)
\(3B-B=2B=\)
3B= \(1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2012}}\)
B= \(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2012}}+\frac{1}{3^{2013}}\)
2B= 1 + 0 + 0 + 0 +.......+ 0 - \(\frac{1}{3^{2013}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2B=1-\frac{1}{3^{2013}}\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2.3^{2013}}\)
\(\Rightarrow B< \frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(B< \frac{1}{2}\).
Đặt M=1/3+1/3^2+....+1/3^99
Ta có:1/(3^n)+1/(3^(n+1))=2/(3^(n+1))(cái này bạn tự quy đồng ra ra nhé!).
Áp dụng ta có:1-1/3=2/3
1/3-1/(3^2)=2/(3^2)
1/(3^2)-1/(3^3)=2/(3^3)
....
1/(3^98)-1/(3^99)=2/(3^99).
Cộng từng vế các phép tính với nhau ta có:1-1/(3^99)=2M.
Mà 1-1/(3^99)<1 nên 2M<1 nên M<1/2(điều phải chứng minh)