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\(3B=1-\frac{2}{3}+\frac{3}{3^2}-\frac{4}{3^3}+...+\frac{99}{3^{98}}-\frac{100}{3^{99}}\)
\(B=\frac{1}{3}-\frac{2}{3^2}+\frac{3}{3^3}-\frac{4}{3^4}+...+\frac{99}{3^{99}}-\frac{100}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow4B=3B+B=1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{98}}-\frac{1}{3^{99}}-\frac{100}{3^{100}}\)
+ Đặt \(M=1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{98}}-\frac{1}{3^{99}}\)
\(3M=3-1+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{97}}-\frac{1}{3^{98}}\)
\(\Rightarrow4M=3M+M=3-\frac{1}{3^{99}}\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\frac{3}{4}-\frac{1}{3^{99}\cdot4}\)
\(\Rightarrow4B=M-\frac{100}{3^{100}}=\frac{3}{4}-\frac{1}{3^{99}\cdot4}-\frac{100}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\frac{3}{16}-\frac{1}{3^{99}\cdot16}-\frac{100}{3^{100}\cdot4}\) \(\Rightarrow B< \frac{3}{16}\)
a) \(2A=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}-\frac{1}{2^3}+\frac{1}{2^4}-\frac{1}{2^5}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}-\frac{1}{2^4}+\frac{1}{2^5}-\frac{1}{2^6}\)
\(\Rightarrow3A=2A+A=1-\frac{1}{2^6}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{2^6\cdot3}< \frac{1}{3}\) ( đpcm )
Đặt \(A=\frac{1}{3}-\frac{2}{3^2}+...+\frac{99}{3^{99}}-\frac{100}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3A=1-\frac{2}{3}+...+\frac{99}{3^{98}}-\frac{100}{3^{99}}\)
\(4A=1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{98}}+\frac{1}{3^{99}}-\frac{100}{3^{100}}\)
Đặt \(B=1+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{99}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3B=3+1+...+\frac{3}{3^{98}}\)
\(2B=3-\frac{1}{3^{99}}\)
\(B=\frac{3}{2}-\frac{1}{3^{99}.2}\)
Thay B vào 4A ta có:
\(4A=\frac{3}{2}-\frac{1}{3^{99}.2}\)
\(A=\frac{3}{2.4}-\frac{1}{3^{99}.2.4}\)
\(A=\frac{3}{8}-\frac{1}{3^{99}.8}\)
Vì \(\frac{3}{8}>\frac{3}{16}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3}{8}-\frac{1}{3^{99}.8}< \frac{3}{16}\)
Vậy \(A< \frac{3}{16}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{5^2}+\frac{2}{5^3}+\frac{3}{5^4}+...+\frac{99}{5^{100}}\)
\(5A=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{2}{5^2}+\frac{3}{5^3}+...+\frac{99}{5^{99}}\)
Trừ dưới cho trên:
\(4A=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+\frac{1}{5^3}+...+\frac{1}{5^{99}}-\frac{99}{5^{100}}\)
\(20A=1+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+...+\frac{1}{5^{98}}-\frac{99}{5^{99}}\)
Lại trừ dưới cho trên:
\(16A=1-\frac{100}{5^{99}}+\frac{99}{5^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{16}-\frac{1}{16.5^{99}}\left(100-\frac{99}{5}\right)< \frac{1}{16}\) do \(100-\frac{99}{5}>0\)
