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1. Tính hợp lí
a) \(0,7+\dfrac{-7}{19}-\left(-0,3\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{7}{10}+\dfrac{-7}{19}+\dfrac{3}{10}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{7}{10}+\dfrac{3}{10}\right)+\dfrac{-7}{19}\)
\(=1+\dfrac{-7}{19}\)
\(=\dfrac{12}{19}\)
b) \(\dfrac{5}{3}.\left(-2,5\right):\dfrac{5}{6}\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{3}.\dfrac{-5}{2}.\dfrac{6}{5}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{5}{3}.\dfrac{6}{5}\right).\dfrac{-5}{2}\)
\(=2.\dfrac{-5}{2}\)
\(=-5\)
c) \(0,6.\dfrac{-5}{17}-\dfrac{3}{5}.\dfrac{12}{17}\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{5}.\dfrac{-5}{17}-\dfrac{3}{5}.\dfrac{12}{17}\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{5}.\left(\dfrac{-5}{17}-\dfrac{12}{17}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{5}.-1\)
\(=\dfrac{-3}{5}\)
d) \(\dfrac{7}{4}.\dfrac{5}{2}-\dfrac{7}{4}.\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{7}{4}.\left(\dfrac{5}{2}-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{7}{4}.1\)
\(=\dfrac{7}{4}\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
Lời giải:
Vì $\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{d}$ nên:
$\left(\frac{a}{b}\right)^3=\frac{a}{b}.\frac{b}{c}.\frac{c}{d}$
Hay $\left(\frac{a}{b}\right)^3=\frac{a}{d}$
Ta có đpcm.
\(\left(\dfrac{a}{b}\right)^3=\dfrac{a}{b}\cdot\dfrac{a}{b}\cdot\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{a}{b}\cdot\dfrac{b}{c}\cdot\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{a}{d}\)
Giải:
a) \(\left(3\dfrac{1}{2}+2x\right).3\dfrac{2}{3}=5\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(\left(\dfrac{7}{2}+2x\right).\dfrac{11}{3}=\dfrac{16}{3}\)
\(\dfrac{7}{2}+2x=\dfrac{16}{3}:\dfrac{11}{3}\)
\(\dfrac{7}{2}+2x=\dfrac{16}{11}\)
\(2x=\dfrac{16}{11}-\dfrac{7}{2}\)
\(2x=\dfrac{-45}{22}\)
\(x=\dfrac{-45}{22}:2\)
\(x=\dfrac{-45}{44}\)
b) \(3-\left(17-x\right)=-12\)
\(3-17+x=-12\)
\(x=-12-3+17\)
\(x=2\)
c) \(\dfrac{2}{3}x+\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{1}{10}\)
\(\dfrac{2}{3}x=\dfrac{1}{10}-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{2}{3}x=\dfrac{-2}{5}\)
\(x=\dfrac{-2}{5}:\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(x=\dfrac{-3}{5}\)
d) \(\dfrac{3}{4}-2.\left|2x-\dfrac{2}{3}\right|=2\)
\(2.\left|2x-\dfrac{2}{3}\right|=\dfrac{3}{4}-2\)
\(2.\left|2x-\dfrac{2}{3}\right|=\dfrac{-5}{4}\)
\(\left|2x-\dfrac{2}{3}\right|=\dfrac{-5}{4}:2\)
\(\left|2x-\dfrac{2}{3}\right|=\dfrac{-5}{8}\)
Vì giá trị tuyệt đối của 1 số nguyên ko bao giờ là số âm nên \(x\in\varnothing\)
e) \(\left(-0,6x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right).\dfrac{3}{4}-\left(-1\right)=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(\left(-0,6x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right).\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{1}{3}+\left(-1\right)\)
\(\left(-0,6x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right).\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{-2}{3}\)
\(-0,6x-\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{-2}{3}:\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(-0,6x-\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{-8}{9}\)
\(-0,6x=\dfrac{-8}{9}+\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(-0,6x=\dfrac{-7}{18}\)
\(x=\dfrac{-7}{18}:-0.6\)
\(x=\dfrac{35}{54}\)
f) \(\left(3x-1\right).\left(\dfrac{-1}{2}x+5\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x-1=0\\\dfrac{-1}{2}x+5=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{3}\\x=10\end{matrix}\right.\)
g) \(60\%.x+\dfrac{2}{3}=\dfrac{1}{3}.6\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(\dfrac{3}{5}.x+\dfrac{2}{3}=\dfrac{1}{3}.\dfrac{19}{3}\)
\(\dfrac{3}{5}.x+\dfrac{2}{3}=\dfrac{19}{9}\)
\(\dfrac{3}{5}.x=\dfrac{19}{9}-\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(\dfrac{3}{5}.x=\dfrac{13}{9}\)
\(x=\dfrac{13}{9}:\dfrac{3}{5}\)
\(x=\dfrac{65}{27}\)
Chúc bạn học tốt!
Tính hợp lí:
a) \(\left(-0,4\right)+\dfrac{3}{8}+\left(-0,6\right)\)
\(=\left[\left(-0,4\right)+\left(-0,6\right)\right]+\dfrac{3}{8}\)
\(=-1+\dfrac{3}{8}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(-8\right)+3}{8}\)
\(=\dfrac{-5}{8}\)
b) \(\dfrac{4}{5}-1,8+0,375+\dfrac{5}{8}\)
\(=\dfrac{4}{5}-\dfrac{9}{5}+\dfrac{3}{8}+\dfrac{5}{8}\)
\(=-1+1\)
\(=0\\\)
c) \(\dfrac{7}{3}.\left(-2,5\right).\dfrac{6}{7}\)
\(=\dfrac{7}{3}.\dfrac{-5}{2}.\dfrac{6}{7}\)
\(=\dfrac{7}{3}.\dfrac{6}{7}.\dfrac{-5}{2}\)
\(=2.\dfrac{-5}{2}\)
\(=-5\)
d) \(\dfrac{7}{12}.\left(-2,34\right)-\dfrac{7}{12}.\left(-0,34\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{7}{12}.\left[\left(-2,34\right)+0,34\right]\)
\(=\dfrac{7}{12}.\left(-2\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{-7}{6}\)
e) \(\dfrac{-8}{3}.\dfrac{2}{11}-\dfrac{8}{3}:\dfrac{11}{9}\)
\(=\dfrac{8}{3}.\dfrac{-2}{11}-\dfrac{8}{3}.\dfrac{9}{11}\)
\(=\dfrac{8}{3}.\left(\dfrac{-2}{11}-\dfrac{9}{11}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{8}{3}.-1\)
\(=\dfrac{-8}{3}\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
a: \(=\dfrac{-6}{11}:\dfrac{3\cdot11}{4\cdot5}=\dfrac{-6}{11}\cdot\dfrac{20}{33}=\dfrac{-2}{11}\cdot\dfrac{20}{11}=\dfrac{-40}{121}\)
b: \(=\dfrac{7}{12}+\dfrac{5}{72}-\dfrac{11}{36}=\dfrac{42}{72}+\dfrac{5}{72}-\dfrac{22}{72}=\dfrac{25}{72}\)
c: \(=\dfrac{13}{10}:\dfrac{-5}{13}=\dfrac{-169}{50}\)
a) \(\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\left(-3-\dfrac{x}{2}\right)=0\)
Th1 : \(x-\dfrac{1}{2}=0\)
\(x=0+\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Th2 : \(-3-\dfrac{x}{2}=0\)
\(\dfrac{x}{2}=-3\)
\(x=\left(-3\right)\cdot2\)
\(x=-6\)
Vậy \(x\) = \(\left(\dfrac{1}{2};-6\right)\)
b) \(x-\dfrac{1}{8}=\dfrac{5}{8}\)
\(x=\dfrac{5}{8}+\dfrac{1}{8}\)
\(x=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
c) \(-\dfrac{1}{2}-\left(\dfrac{3}{2}+x\right)=-2\)
\(\dfrac{3}{2}+x=-\dfrac{1}{2}-\left(-2\right)\)
\(\dfrac{3}{2}+x=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(x=\dfrac{3}{2}-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(x=0\)
d) \(x+\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{-12}{5}\cdot\dfrac{10}{6}\)
\(x+\dfrac{1}{3}=-4\)
\(x=-4-\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(x=-\dfrac{13}{3}\)
a: =>1/2x=7/2-2/3=21/6-4/6=17/6
=>x=17/3
b: =>2/3:x=-7-1/3=-22/3
=>x=2/3:(-22/3)=-1/11
c: =>1/3x+2/5x-2/5=0
=>11/15x=2/5
hay x=6/11
d: =>2x-3=0 hoặc 6-2x=0
=>x=3/2 hoặc x=3
a: =>x-3/4=1/6-1/2=1/6-3/6=-2/6=-1/3
=>x=-1/3+3/4=-4/12+9/12=5/12
b: =>x(1/2-5/6)=7/2
=>-1/3x=7/2
hay x=-21/2
c: (4-x)(3x+5)=0
=>4-x=0 hoặc 3x+5=0
=>x=4 hoặc x=-5/3
d: x/16=50/32
=>x/16=25/16
hay x=25
e: =>2x-3=-1/4-3/2=-1/4-6/4=-7/4
=>2x=-7/4+3=5/4
hay x=5/8
a) Ta có: \(\dfrac{-3}{7}+\dfrac{15}{26}-\left(\dfrac{2}{13}-\dfrac{3}{7}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{-3}{7}+\dfrac{15}{26}-\dfrac{2}{13}+\dfrac{3}{7}\)
\(=\dfrac{15}{26}-\dfrac{4}{26}\)
\(=\dfrac{11}{26}\)
b) Ta có: \(2\cdot\dfrac{3}{7}+\left(\dfrac{2}{9}-1\dfrac{3}{7}\right)-\dfrac{5}{3}:\dfrac{1}{9}\)
\(=\dfrac{6}{7}+\dfrac{2}{9}-\dfrac{10}{7}-\dfrac{5}{3}\cdot9\)
\(=\dfrac{-4}{7}+\dfrac{2}{9}-15\)
\(=\dfrac{-36}{63}+\dfrac{14}{63}-\dfrac{945}{63}\)
\(=\dfrac{-967}{63}\)
c) Ta có: \(\dfrac{-11}{23}\cdot\dfrac{6}{7}+\dfrac{8}{7}\cdot\dfrac{-11}{23}-\dfrac{1}{23}\)
\(=\dfrac{-11}{23}\cdot\left(\dfrac{6}{7}+\dfrac{8}{7}\right)-\dfrac{1}{23}\)
\(=\dfrac{-11}{23}\cdot2-\dfrac{1}{23}\)
\(=-1\)
d) Ta có: \(\left(\dfrac{377}{-231}-\dfrac{123}{89}+\dfrac{34}{791}\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{6}-\dfrac{1}{8}-\dfrac{1}{24}\right)\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{-377}{231}-\dfrac{123}{89}+\dfrac{34}{791}\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{4}{24}-\dfrac{3}{24}-\dfrac{1}{24}\right)\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{-377}{231}-\dfrac{123}{89}+\dfrac{34}{791}\right)\cdot0\)
=0
Áp dụng t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau: \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\)
Từ \(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^3}{\left(c+d\right)^3}=\dfrac{a^3}{c^3}=\dfrac{b^3}{d^3}=\dfrac{a^3+b^3}{c^3+d^3}\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk;c=dk\)
Ta có: \(VT=\dfrac{a^3+b^3}{c^3+d^3}=\dfrac{bk^3+b^3}{dk^3+d^3}=\dfrac{b.\left(k+1\right)^3}{d.\left(k+1\right)^3}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)
\(VP=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^3}{\left(c+d\right)^3}=\dfrac{\left(bk+b\right)^3}{\left(dk+d\right)^3}=\dfrac{b.\left(k+1\right)^3}{d.\left(k+1\right)^3}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)
Vậy \(VT=VP\left(đpcm\right)\)
____________
VT = vế trái
VP = vế phải
\(#NqHahh\)