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\(A=\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\)
=> \(A+3=\frac{a}{b+c}+1+\frac{b}{c+a}+1+\frac{c}{a+b}+1\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left[\left(a+b\right)+\left(b+c\right)+\left(c+a\right)\right]\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\right)\)
\(\ge\frac{1}{2}.3\sqrt[3]{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}.3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{a+b}.\frac{1}{b+c}.\frac{1}{c+a}}=\frac{9}{2}\) (AM - GM)
=> \(A\ge\frac{9}{2}-3=\frac{3}{2}\) (đpcm)
Đặt \(A=\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\)
\(A=\frac{a^2}{ba+ca}+\frac{b^2}{cb+ba}+\frac{c^2}{ac+bc}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-schwarz ta có:
\(A=\frac{a^2}{ba+ca}+\frac{b^2}{cb+ba}+\frac{c^2}{ac+bc}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2.\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)
Ta c/m BĐT phụ \(ab+bc+ca\le\frac{1}{3}.\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)( tự c/m)
Áp dụng:
\(A\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2.\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\frac{1}{\frac{2}{3}}=\frac{3}{2}\)
đpcm
Tham khảo nhé~
Ta có:
\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\left(\left(a+b\right)+\left(b+c\right)+\left(c+a\right)\right)\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\right)\)
\(\ge\frac{1}{2}.3\sqrt[3]{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}.3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}}=\frac{9}{2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy cho 2 số không âm, ta có:
\(\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{c+a}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}+\frac{b+c}{4}+\frac{a+b}{4}+\frac{c+a}{4}\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{b+c}.\frac{b+c}{4}}+2\sqrt{\frac{b^2}{c+a}.\frac{c+a}{4}}+2\sqrt{\frac{c^2}{a+b}.\frac{a+b}{4}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{c+a}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}+\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{4}\ge a+b+c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a\left(a+b+c\right)}{b+c}+\frac{b\left(a+b+c\right)}{c+a}+\frac{c\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b}\ge\frac{3}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
Bạn tự chứng minh BĐT phụ: \(\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\ge9\) \(x;y;z>0\)
Áp dụng, ta có:
\(\left[\left(a+b\right)+\left(b+c\right)+\left(c+a\right)\right]\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\right)\ge9\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{c}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\right)\ge\frac{9}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b+c}+1+\frac{b}{c+a}+1+\frac{c}{a+b}+1\ge\frac{9}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
Nhân cả 2 vế với a+b+c
Chứng minh \(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\ge2\) tương tự với \(\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{b};\frac{c}{a}+\frac{a}{c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}-2\ge0\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2-2ab+b^2}{ab}\ge0\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{ab}\ge0\)luôn đúng do a;b>0
dễ rồi nhé
b) \(P=\frac{x}{x+1}+\frac{y}{y+1}+\frac{z}{z+1}\)
\(P=\left(\frac{x+1}{x+1}+\frac{y+1}{y+1}+\frac{z+1}{z+1}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{y+1}+\frac{1}{z+1}\right)\)
\(P=\left(1+1+1\right)-\left(\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{y+1}+\frac{1}{z+1}\right)\)
\(P=3-\left(\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{y+1}+\frac{1}{z+1}\right)\)
Áp dụng bđt Cauchy Schwarz dạng Engel (mình nói bđt như vậy,chỗ này bạn cứ nói theo cái bđt đề bài cho đi) ta được:
\(\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{y+1}+\frac{1}{z+1}\ge\frac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{x+1+y+1+z+1}=\frac{9}{4}\)
=>\(P=3-\left(\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{y+1}+\frac{1}{z+1}\right)\le3-\frac{9}{4}=\frac{3}{4}\)
=>Pmax=3/4 <=> x=y=z=1/3
Với a,b,c > 0
Áp dụng bđt cosi cho 2 số dương \(\frac{a^2}{b^2}\)và \(\frac{b^2}{c^2}\), ta có:
\(\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{b^2}{c^2}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{b^2}\cdot\frac{b^2}{c^2}}=2\frac{a}{c}\) (1)
CMTT: \(\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{c^2}{a^2}\ge2\frac{c}{b}\)(2)
\(\frac{b^2}{c^2}+\frac{c^2}{a^2}\ge2\frac{b}{a}\)(3)
Từ (1), (2) và (3) cộng vế theo vế:
\(\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{b^2}{c^2}+\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{c^2}{a^2}+\frac{b^2}{c^2}+\frac{c^2}{a^2}\ge2\frac{a}{c}+2\frac{c}{b}+2\frac{b}{a}\)
<=> \(2\left(\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{b^2}{c^2}+\frac{c^2}{a^2}\right)\ge2\left(\frac{b}{a}+\frac{c}{b}+\frac{a}{c}\right)\)
<=> \(\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{b^2}{c^2}+\frac{c^2}{a^2}\ge\frac{c}{b}+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{a}{c}\)
Bài 1:
Ta có: \(\frac{ab}{a+b}=ab.\frac{1}{a+b}\le\frac{ab}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)=\frac{b}{4}+\frac{a}{4}\)
Tương tự các BĐT còn lại rồi cộng theo vế ta có d9pcm.
Bài 2: 2 bài đều dùng Svac cả!
(cần thì ib t gửi link cho)
\(\frac{a}{a+b}\)>= \(\frac{a}{a+a}\)= \(\frac{1}{2}\)( vì a + a >= a + b vì a >= b )
\(\frac{b}{b+c}\) >= \(\frac{b}{b+b}\)= \(\frac{1}{2}\)( vì b + b >= b + c vì b >= c )
\(\frac{c}{c+a}\)>= \(\frac{c}{c+c}\) = \(\frac{1}{2}\)( vì c + c >= c + a vì c>=0 )
Từ 3 điều này suy ra
\(\frac{a}{a+b}\)+ \(\frac{b}{b+c}\)+ \(\frac{c}{c+a}\)>= \(\frac{3}{2}\)
dễ dàng c/m (x+y+z)(1/x+1/y+1/z) \(\ge\) 9,dấu "=" khi x=y=z (*)
a/a+b +b/b+c +c/c+a >= 3/2
<=>(a/b+c + 1) + (b/c+a + 1) + (c/a+b + 1) >= 3/2+1+1+1
<=>(a+b+c)/(b+c) + (a+b+c)/(c+a) + (a+b+c)/(a+b) >= 9/2
<=>2(a+b+c)(1/b+c + 1/c+a + 1/a+b) >= 9/2
<=>[(b+c)+(c+a)+(a+b)](1/b+c + 1/c+a + 1/a+b) >= 9/2 (bđt (*))