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\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge6\)
=> \(-\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\le-6\)
=> \(-\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\le-6.\frac{3}{2}\)
=> \(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\)
=> \(1+\frac{a}{b}+\frac{a}{c}+\frac{b}{a}+1+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}+\frac{c}{b}+1\ge9\)
=> \(\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{a}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{b}\right)\ge6\)(1)
Dễ thấy \(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\ge2\)(với a,b > 0)
=> (1) đúng
=> BĐTđược chứng minh
b)Đặt \(A=a+b+c+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\left(a,b,c>0\right)\).
\(A=4\left(a+b+c\right)-3\left(a+b+c\right)+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\).
\(A=\left(4a+\frac{1}{a}\right)+\left(4b+\frac{1}{b}\right)+\left(4c+\frac{1}{c}\right)-3\left(a+b+c\right)\).
Vì \(a>0\)nên áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô-si cho 2 số dương, ta được:
\(4a+\frac{1}{a}\ge2\sqrt{4.a.\frac{1}{a}}=4\left(1\right)\).
Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow4a=\frac{1}{a}\Leftrightarrow a=\frac{1}{2}\).
Chứng minh tương tự, ta được:
\(4b+\frac{1}{b}\ge4\left(b>0\right)\left(2\right)\).
Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow b=\frac{1}{2}\).
Chứng minh tương tự, ta được:
\(4c+\frac{1}{c}\ge4\left(c>0\right)\left(3\right)\).
Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow c=\frac{1}{2}\).
Từ \(\left(1\right),\left(2\right),\left(3\right)\), ta được:
\(\left(4a+\frac{1}{a}\right)+\left(4b+\frac{1}{b}\right)+\left(4c+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge4+4+4=12\).
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4a+\frac{1}{a}\right)+\left(4b+\frac{1}{b}\right)+\left(4c+\frac{1}{c}\right)-3\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\)\(12-3\left(a+b+c\right)\).
\(\Leftrightarrow A\ge12-3\left(a+b+c\right)\left(4\right)\).
Mặt khác, ta có: \(a+b+c\le\frac{3}{2}\).
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a+b+c\right)\le\frac{9}{2}\).
\(\Rightarrow-3\left(a+b+c\right)\ge-\frac{9}{2}\).
\(\Leftrightarrow12-3\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\frac{15}{2}\left(5\right)\).
Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c=\frac{3}{2}\).
Từ \(\left(4\right)\)và \(\left(5\right)\), ta được:
\(A\ge\frac{15}{2}\).
Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{1}{2}\).
Vậy với \(a,b,c>0\)và \(a+b+c\le\frac{3}{2}\)thì \(a+b+c+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{15}{2}\).
1.
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô-si thôi:
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}=\frac{a+b}{ab}\ge\frac{2\sqrt{ab}}{ab}=\frac{2}{\sqrt{ab}}\ge\frac{2}{\frac{a+b}{2}}=\frac{4}{a+b}\)
Dấu "=" khi a = b
2.
Vì a,b,c là ba cạnh tam giác nên dễ thấy các mẫu số dương.
Áp dụng câu 1 ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a+b-c}+\frac{1}{c+a-b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b-c+c+a-b}=\frac{4}{2a}=\frac{2}{a}\)
Tương tự:
\(\frac{1}{c+a-b}+\frac{1}{b+c-a}\ge\frac{4}{2c}=\frac{2}{c}\)
\(\frac{1}{b+c-a}+\frac{1}{a+b-c}\ge\frac{4}{2b}=\frac{2}{b}\)
Cộng theo vế ta được:
\(2\left(\frac{1}{a+b-c}+\frac{1}{b+c-a}+\frac{1}{c+a-b}\right)\ge2\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a+b-c}+\frac{1}{b+c-a}+\frac{1}{c+a-b}\ge\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = b = c hay tam giác đó đều.
Giả sử \(a\ge b\ge c\)
Ta có:\(\frac{a+b}{ab+c^2}+\frac{b+c}{bc+a^2}+\frac{c+a}{ca+b^2}\ge\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{ac+bc-ab-c^2}{c\left(ab+c^2\right)}+\frac{ab+ac-bc-a^2}{\left(bc+a^2\right)a}+\frac{cb+ab-ca-b^2}{b\left(ca+b^2\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(a-c\right)\left(c-b\right)}{c\left(ab+c^2\right)}+\frac{\left(b-a\right)\left(a-c\right)}{\left(bc+a^2\right)a}+\frac{\left(c-b\right)\left(b-a\right)}{b\left(ca+b^2\right)}\le0\)
Ta có:\(\left(c-b\right)\left(b-a\right)\ge0;\left(b-a\right)\left(a-c\right)\le0;\left(a-c\right)\left(c-b\right)\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(c-b\right)\left(c-a\right)}{b\left(ca+b^2\right)}\le\frac{\left(c-b\right)\left(c-a\right)}{c\left(ab+c^2\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow LHS\le\frac{\left(a-c\right)\left(c-b\right)}{c\left(ab+c^2\right)}+\frac{\left(c-b\right)\left(b-a\right)}{c\left(ab+c^2\right)}+\frac{\left(b-a\right)\left(a-c\right)}{\left(bc+a^2\right)a}\)
\(=\frac{-\left(c-b\right)^2}{c\left(ab+c^2\right)}+\frac{\left(b-a\right)\left(a-c\right)}{\left(bc+a^2\right)c}\le0\)
\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
1)Áp dụng Bđt Am-Gm \(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a}{b}\cdot\frac{b}{a}}=2\)
2)Áp dụng Am-Gm \(a^2+b^2\ge2\sqrt{a^2b^2}=2ab;b^2+c^2\ge2bc;a^2+c^2\ge2ca\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
=>ĐPcm
3)(a+b+c)2\(\ge\)3(ab+bc+ca)
=>a2+b2+c2+2ab+2bc+2ca\(\ge\)3ab+3bc+3ca
=>a2+b2+c2-ab-bc-ca\(\ge\)0
=>2a2+2b2+2c2-2ab-2bc-2ca\(\ge\)0
=>(a2-2ab+b2)+(b2-2bc+c2)+(c2-2ac+a2)\(\ge\)0
=>(a-b)2+(b-c)2+(c-a)2\(\ge\)0
4)đề đúng \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{ab}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2-4ab\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)
Lần lượt áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô - si có 3 và 4 số, ta có:
\(\frac{a}{18}+\frac{b}{24}+\frac{2}{ab}\ge3.\sqrt[3]{\frac{a}{18}.\frac{b}{24}.\frac{2}{ab}}=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\frac{a}{9}+\frac{c}{6}+\frac{2}{ac}\ge3.\sqrt[3]{\frac{a}{9}.\frac{c}{6}.\frac{2}{ac}}=1\)
\(\frac{b}{16}+\frac{c}{8}+\frac{2}{bc}\ge3.\sqrt[3]{\frac{b}{16}.\frac{c}{8}.\frac{2}{bc}}=\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\frac{a}{9}+\frac{b}{12}+\frac{c}{6}+\frac{8}{abc}\ge4.\sqrt[4]{\frac{a}{9}.\frac{b}{12}.\frac{c}{6}.\frac{8}{abc}}=\frac{4}{3}\)
\(\frac{13a}{18}+\frac{13b}{24}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{13a}{18}.\frac{13b}{24}}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{13.13.12}{18.24}}=\frac{13}{3}\)
\(\frac{13c}{24}+\frac{13b}{48}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{13c}{24}.\frac{13b}{48}}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{13.13.8}{24.48}}=\frac{13}{6}\)
Cộng vế với vế ta có:
\(a+b+c+2\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}\right)+\frac{8}{abc}\ge\frac{121}{12}\)